RESUMO
The low multiplication and ex vitro survival rates during acclimatization in the culture house limit the in vitro mass propagation of B. vulgaris. Several scientific studies have described the development of different protocols for bamboo; however, not all of them address the effects of these systems on plant morphology, physiology, and biochemistry in vitro. In this chapter, a complete and optimized protocol is described for plants propagated via organogenesis in temporary immersion systems. In addition, the morphophysiological and biochemical characterization of the plants as well as the survival rates of the obtained plants under ex vitro conditions are analyzed. The obtained results will be the basis for the development of a technology for in vitro propagation as an alternative for the production of plants of the species.
Assuntos
Bambusa , Imersão , Aclimatação , Reprodução , TecnologiaRESUMO
Bambusa vulgaris var. vulgaris Schard. ex Wendl. sobresale dentro del género por sus propiedades físico-mecánicas y por el tamaño de sus culmos. Desarrollar la propagación vía organogénesis sería una alternativa para propagar esta especie. Sin embargo, los bajos porcentajes de enraizamiento y de superviviencia ex vitro han sido elementos que han afectado la propagación de diferentes especies de bambúes. Con el objetivo de determinar el efecto de diferentes concentraciones de AIB y TDZ en la emisión de raíces in vitro , se evalué el número de plantas con raíces, la altura de las plantas (cm) desde la base hasta el punto de inserción de la primera hoja y el largo de la raíz (cm). Los resultados demostraron que tanto el AIB como el TDZ influyeron en el enraizamiento in vitro de Bambusa vulgaris var vulgaris . Al adicionar al medio de cultivo TDZ (0,6 mg.L -1 ) se obtuvieron los mayores porcentajes de formación de raíces (88,2%) y estas fueron emitidas mostrando un geotropismo positivo.
Bambusa vulgaris var. vulgaris Schard. ex Wendl. stands out into the genus by its physic - mechanical properties and the culms size. Propagation via organogenesis would be an alternative to propagate this species. However, the low percentages of rooting and ex vitro survival have been elements that have affected the propagation of different bamboo species. The number of plants with roots, plant height (cm) (from the base to the insertion point of the first leaf) and root length (cm) were evaluated in order to determine the effect of different concentrations of IBA and TDZ in the emission of roots in vitro . Results demonstrated that both, AIB and TDZ, influenced the in vitro rooting of Bambusa vulgaris var vulgaris . Greater rooting percentages (88.2%) were obtained by adding TDZ to the culture medium (0.6 mg.L -1 ). Besides, they showed a positive geotropism.