Content and tissue expression of Collagen I, Collagen IV, and Laminin in the Extracellular Matrix in Prostate Adenocarcinoma.

Prostate cancer is one of the most common neoplasm in the male population. It is not known why some tumors become more aggressive than others. Although most studies show changes in the expression of cell adhesion molecules and the extracellular matrix correlated with the Gleason score, no study has objectively measured the tissue content of these molecules. This study aims to measure the content and tissue expression of collagen type I and IV and laminin in the extracellular matrix of patients with prostate adenocarcinoma and correlate these findings with the Gleason score and clinical characteristics. Forty-one patients who underwent radical prostate surgery at the Urology Department of a reference Hospital in Brazil between January 2015 and December 2020 were studied. The tissue protein content was estimated under light microscopy at a final magnification of 200 × . The mean collagen I score in prostate adenocarcinoma tissue samples was 7.16 ± 1.03 pixels/field. The mean type IV collagen score was 3.44 ± 0.61 pixels/field. The mean laminin score was 5.19 ± 0.79 pixels/field. The total Gleason score was correlated with both collagen and laminin. All the correlations were negative, which shows that the higher the collagen/laminin expression was, the lower the total Gleason score (p-value < 0,05). According to the Pearson correlation analysis, age has no statistical relationship with collagen and laminin content. PSA, in turn, showed a correlation only with laminin, but r = -0.378 (p = 0.015). Among the associated diseases and lifestyle habits, there is only statistical significance in the comparison of alcoholism for collagen I. For collagen IV and laminin, no statistical significance was obtained with the clinical variables analyzed.

Endocardite infecciosa em cirurgias valvares: avaliação ecocardiográfica e clínica como preditores de mortalidade em uma série de casos / Infectious endocarditis in valve surgeries - ecocardiographic and clinical evaluation as mortality predictors in a series of cases

OBJETIVO: Analisar uma série de casos cirúrgicos com diagnóstico de endocardite infecciosa, comparando fatores clínicos, ecocardiográficos e cirúrgicos. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo de caráter observacional, com análise de prontuários dos pacientes operados com diagnóstico prévio de endocardite infecciosa, no período entre janeiro de 2015 a outubro de 2016 em um hospital terciário. RESULTADOS: Dentre as cirurgias cardíacas valvares realizadas nesse período, 14% possuíam diagnóstico de endocardite infecciosa. Houve prevalência do sexo masculino, sendo a valva aórtica a mais acometida (62,5%). Febre e dispneia foram os sintomas mais comuns (37,5%). Ao ecocardiograma, a maioria dos pacientes apresentava vegetações maiores que 10mm e disfunção valvar importante. Todos os casos utilizaram associação de antibióticos, e a gentamicina esteve presente em metade deles. A mortalidade intra-hospitalar na amostra ocorreu em 37,5%. CONCLUSÃO: Foi encontrada alta incidência de endocardite, com elevada mortalidade não relacionada ao procedimento cirúrgico. Ressalta-se a necessidade de intervenção precoce com a intenção de reduzir complicações como dilatação e disfunção ventricular e embolias.(AU)

OBJECTIVE: To analyze a series of surgical cases with diagnosis of infective endocarditis, and to compare clinical, echocardiographic and surgical factors. METHODS: A retrospective observational study was carried out, with an analysis of medical records of patients operated with previous diagnosis of infective endocarditis between January 2015 and October 2016 in a tertiary hospital. RESULTS: Among the heart valve surgeries performed in this period, 14% had a diagnosis of infective endocarditis. There was a prevalence of males, with the aortic valve being the most affected (62.5%). Fever and dyspnea were the most common symptoms (37.5%). On echocardiogram, most patients presented vegetations larger than 10mm, and important valve dysfunction. All cases used an antibiotic combination, and gentamicin was present in half of them. In-hospital mortality in the sample occurred in 37.5%. CONCLUSIONS: High incidence of endocarditis was found, with high mortality that was not related to the surgical procedure. The need for early intervention with the intention of reducing complications such as dilation and ventricular dysfunction and embolisms is emphasized.(AU)