Physicochemical properties of AH plus bioceramic sealer, Bio-C Sealer, and ADseal root canal sealer.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical properties of two newly introduced premixed calcium silicate-based root canal sealers (AH Plus Bioceramic Sealer and Bio-C Sealer) compared to a resin-based root canal sealer (ADseal root canal sealer). METHODS: Solubility, pH analysis, calcium ion release, and film thickness of each sealer were evaluated following ISO guidelines. The data were examined using the two-way ANOVA test. Furthermore, X-ray diffraction (XRD) examination was performed to investigate the crystalline phase of each type of sealer. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis was done for the chemical elemental analysis of each sealer. RESULTS: The least film thickness, highest alkalinity, and highest calcium ion release were all displayed by AH Plus Bioceramic Sealer. High solubility, high alkalinity, intermediate calcium ion release, and intermediate film thickness were all displayed by Bio-C Sealer. While ADseal root canal sealer displayed the greatest film thickness, least solubility, alkalinity, and calcium ion release. CONCLUSIONS: Both AH Plus Bioceramic Sealer and Bio-C Sealer represented adequate properties to be considered a good sealer that could be used as a potential alternative to resin-based root canal sealers.

Thermal, chemical and physical analysis of VDW.1Seal, Fill Root ST, and ADseal root canal sealers.

This study aimed to evaluate the thermal, chemical, and physical properties of VDW.1Seal, Fill Root ST, and ADseal sealers. Thermal properties were analyzed using Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Differential thermal analysis (DTA). Attenuated total reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) analysis was performed as a complementary test to confirm TGA/DTA analysis. The chemical composition of the set sealer material was identified using an X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) system. Other physical properties of each sealer were investigated; ten specimens were used to measure the solubility (at 24 h and 28 days), and another ten specimens were used to assess pH changes and calcium ion release (after 7 and 14 days). Film thickness was done according to ISO 6876 specs. The data were analyzed using the two-way ANOVA test. Results showed that for all sealers, TGA analysis revealed a direct relationship between sealer mass loss and temperature rise. In addition, the decomposition of the tested sealers started at 145 °C, 135 °C and 91 °C for VDW.1Seal, ADseal sealer, and Fill Root ST, respectively. XRD analysis revealed a higher degree of crystallinity for VDW.1Seal and ADseal. ADseal showed the least solubility; VDW.1Seal exhibited the highest alkalinity, calcium ion release, and the lowest film thickness.

Impact of endodontic irrigants on surface roughness of various nickel-titanium rotary endodontic instruments.

BACKGROUND: The aim of the current study is to assess the surface roughness of several recent nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) rotary endodontic instruments, namely: Protaper next (PTN); Hyflex CM (CM); Hyflex EDM (EDM); WaveOne gold (WOG); and trunatomy (TN), before and after application of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) irrigant solution. METHODS: In this in vitro study, five recently introduced rotary endodontic instruments of different metallurgical properties and designs were subjected to Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) analysis, and then each file was rotated in 5.25% NaOCl for 15 min., with speed and torque according to manufacturer's instructions. The instruments were then subjected to AFM analysis again. The surface roughness average (Sa) parameter was calculated. Data were analyzed by Paired T test, One-way ANOVA and Tukey tests. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant decrease in the surface roughness of all rotary endodontic instruments after immersion in irrigants (P ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSION: The new TN and PTN instruments showed the least surface roughness. All tested Ni-Ti rotary endodontic instruments after irrigants exposure showed a varying increase in surface roughness.