RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Despite the improvement in therapies, pancreatic cancer represents one of the most cancer-related deaths. In our hypothesis, we propose that Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy with gemcitabine after pancreatic cytoreductive surgery could reduce tumor progression by reducing residual neoplastic volume and residual pancreatic cancer stem cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A randomized trial involving 42 patients. All patients were diagnosed with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Group I: R0 resection. Group II. R0 resection and HIPEC with gemcitabine (120 mg/m2 for 30 min). Effectiveness was measured with analysis of overall survival, disease-free survival, distant recurrence, locoregional recurrence, and measuring of pancreatic cancer stem cells (EpCAM+CXCR4+CD133+). RESULTS: From 2017 to 2023, 63 patients were recruited for our clinical trial; 21 patients were included in each group, and 21 were excluded. Locoregional recurrence, p-value: 0.022, was lower in the experimental group. There were no significant differences between the two groups in hospital mortality, perioperative complications, or hospital costs. We found a significant decrease in pancreatic cancer stem cells in patients in the experimental group after treatment, p -value of 0.018. CONCLUSIONS: The use of HIPEC with gemcitabine after surgery in patients with resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma reduces locoregional recurrence and may be associated with a significant decrease in pancreatic cancer stem cells.
RESUMO
Multidisciplinary strategies have transformed the management of advanced ovarian cancer. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of paclitaxel in hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) following surgical cytoreduction for ovarian peritoneal metastases in a randomized phase III trial conducted between August 2012 and December 2019. Seventy-six patients were randomized to either the HIPEC or no HIPEC group. Although median values for the primary endpoints (recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS)) revealed superior outcomes for the HIPEC (RFS: 23 months, OS: 48 months) over the control group (RFS: 19 months, OS: 46 months), these differences were not statistically significant (p = 0.22 and p = 0.579). Notably, the HIPEC group demonstrated significantly higher 5-year OS and 3-year RFS rates (47.2% and 47.5%) compared to patients without HIPEC (34.5% and 21.3%). Stratification according to Peritoneal Surface Disease Severity Score (PSDSS) showed improved OS and RFS for patients with lower PSDSS (I-II) in the HIPEC-treated group (p = 0.033 and p = 0.042, respectively). The Clavien-Dindo classification of adverse event grades revealed no significant differences between HIPEC and controls (p = 0.482). While overall results were not statistically significant, our long-term follow-up emphasized the potential benefit of HIPEC-associated cytoreduction with paclitaxel, particularly in selected ovarian cancer patients with lower PSDSS indices.
Assuntos
Hipertermia Induzida , Neoplasias Ovarianas , Neoplasias Peritoneais , Feminino , Humanos , Paclitaxel/uso terapêutico , Quimioterapia Intraperitoneal Hipertérmica , Terapia Combinada , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos de Citorredução , Neoplasias Peritoneais/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Peritoneais/cirurgia , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Seguimentos , Neoplasias Ovarianas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Ovarianas/cirurgiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) with gemcitabine, after cytoreductive surgery, may reduce the tumor progression of pancreatic cancer through the reduction of the neoplastic volume and the subpopulation of residual pancreatic cancer stem cells, improving the survival of patients with pancreatic cancer and decreasing the recurrence of the disease. METHODS: A pilot study is performed with the first ten patients in the experimental group. A randomized study (phase II-III clinical trial) that requires a population of 42 patients, with 21 patients in each group. All patients have a diagnosis of ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, which will be surgically resected with curative intention. (I) Group I: after an R0 resection, patients receive individualized adjuvant treatments. (II) Group II: after an R0 resection, HIPEC is performed with gemcitabine (120 mg/m2 for 30 min), and they also receive individualized adjuvant treatments. To analyze the safety of the procedure, the main variables measured were as follows: grades of complications by means of the Clavien-Dindo system: pancreas surgery complications (e.g., pancreatic fistula, perioperative hemorrhage, delayed gastric emptying, biliary fistula), operative mortality, and laboratory parameters to control system functions. Values were measured three times: preoperatively, twenty-four hours after surgery, and on the 7th postoperative day. RESULTS: From 2018 to 2019, 31 patients were recruited for our clinical trial. Fifteen patients were excluded because of intraoperative unresectability or a different intraoperative histologic diagnosis. Ten patients were included in the experimental group (resection plus HIPEC gemcitabine). The mean age was 65±7 years, and six patients were female (60%). We confirmed the histologic diagnosis of ductal pancreatic adenocarcinoma in all patients prior to HIPEC. Total pancreatectomy was performed in five patients. The surgical median time was 360 min, and the hospital stay was 11 days. Four patients showed complications classified as Clavien-Dindo type II and one showing type I. Six patients were classified as having stage III tumors. To date, no hospital mortality, locoregional recurrence, or differences between the two groups in terms of perioperative complications, biochemical and gasometric values, or Clavien-Dindo complication grades were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Our clinical pilot study demonstrated a similar perioperative outcome that allows the trial until main objectives are achieved.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for morbidity and mortality in patients with rib fractures with focus on identifying a more exact age-dependent cut-off for increased morbidity and mortality. METHODS: Retrospective study of patients 16 years or older with rib fractures from blunt trauma. EXCLUSION CRITERIA: patients undergoing rib plating. Initial chest X-ray and Computed Tomography (CT) scans were re-read for the number of rib fractures (NRF) and presence of pulmonary contusion (PC). Data included demographics, mechanism of injury (MOI), NRF, associated injuries, Injury Severity Score (ISS), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Geriatric Trauma Outcome Score (GTOS), presence of pneumothorax, hemothorax, hemo-pneumothorax, PC, Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), pulmonary complications (ventilator-associated pneumonia, nosocomial pneumonia), and mortality. PC was quantified from CT scans with Mimics. Continuous data were analyzed using Student's t test. Variables significantly different by univariate analysis were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The study group consisted of 1188 adult trauma patients admitted during a 2-year period; 800 males and 388 females, with a mean age of 54 ± 21. MOI: MVC, 735 (61.8%); falls, 364 (30.6%); other: 89. Mean NRF, 4 ± 2; GCS, GTOS, and ISS, 15 (15-15), 101 (82-124), and 19 ± 9, respectively. Incidence of PC was 329 (27.7%); PTX, HTX, and HTX/PTX, 264 (20.2%), 57 (4.8%), and 147 (12.4%). Flail chest, in 17 (1.4%); 321 required mechanical ventilation. Age, GCS, male gender, and ISS but not NRF and/or PC were predictive of mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Increased mortality in patients with rib fractures starts at 65 years of age without a further increase until age ≥ 80. NRF does not predict increased mortality independent of age. Severe TBI is the most common cause of death in patients 16-75 years, as opposed to respiratory complications in patients 80 years-old or greater.
Assuntos
Tórax Fundido , Fraturas das Costelas , Ferimentos não Penetrantes , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Escala de Gravidade do Ferimento , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fraturas das Costelas/diagnóstico por imagem , Ferimentos não Penetrantes/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Duplicity of the common bile duct is an unusual congenital disorder. CASE REPORT: A 80-year-old woman with duplication of the common bile duct with retrograde endoscopic cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) who did not resolve the symptoms. DISCUSSION: Our case is a variant of type IV to the classification of duplicity of the common bile duct. The magnetic resonance cholangiography and presurgical ERCP allows assessment of the bile ducts, their caliber, and assessment of abnormalities. The treatment before duplicity of the common bile duct will depend on the clinic and the type of opening of the accessory common bile duct. CONCLUSIONS: It is important to perform a pre-surgical study and during surgery with intrasurgical cholangiography.
INTRODUCCIÓN: La duplicidad del conducto biliar común es una alteración congénita insólita. CASO CLÍNICO: Mujer de 80 años con duplicación de la vía biliar común con colangiopancreatografías retrógradas endoscópicas (CPRE) que no solventan la clínica. DISCUSIÓN: Nuestro caso es una variante del tipo IV de la clasificación de duplicidad del conducto biliar común. La colangiopancreatografía por resonancia magnética y la CPRE prequirúrgica permiten valorar las vías biliares, su calibre y sus posibles anormalidades. El tratamiento dependerá de la clínica y del tipo de apertura del conducto biliar común accesorio. CONCLUSIONES: Es importante realizar un estudio prequirúrgico y durante la cirugía con colangiografía intraoperatoria.
Assuntos
Colangiopancreatografia Retrógrada Endoscópica , Colecistectomia Laparoscópica , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Silicatos de Alumínio , Ductos Biliares , Colangiografia , Ducto Colédoco/diagnóstico por imagem , Ducto Colédoco/cirurgia , Feminino , HumanosRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Duplicity of the common bile duct (BCBD) is an unusual congenital disorder. CASE REPORT: A 80-year-old woman with duplication of the common bile duct with retrograde endoscopic cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) who did not resolve the symptoms. DISCUSSION: Our case is a variant of type IV to the classification of DCBC. The MR cholangiography and presurgical ERCP allows assessment of the bile ducts, their caliber, and assessment of abnormalities. The treatment before DCBC will depend on the clinic and the type of opening of the CBCA. CONCLUSIONS: It is important to perform a pre-surgical study and during surgery with CIO.
INTRODUCCIÓN: La duplicidad del conducto biliar común (DCBC) es una alteración congénita insólita. CASO CLÍNICO: Mujer de 80 años con duplicación de la vía biliar común con colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica (CPRE) que no dilucida la clínica. DISCUSIÓN: Este caso es una variante del tipo IV de la clasificación de DCBC. La colangiorresonancia y la CPRE prequirúrgica permiten valorar las vías biliares, su calibre y las anormalidades. El tratamiento depende de la clínica y el tipo de apertura del conducto biliar común accesorio. CONCLUSIONES: Es importante realizar estudio prequirúrgico y durante la operación con colangiografía intraoperatoria.
Assuntos
Ducto Colédoco/anormalidades , Ducto Colédoco/cirurgia , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Embolectomia com Balão , Colangiografia , Colangiopancreatografia Retrógrada Endoscópica , Colecistite/tratamento farmacológico , Colecistite/cirurgia , Doença Crônica , Terapia Combinada , Ducto Colédoco/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Ducto Hepático Comum/anormalidades , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Próteses e Implantes , Esfinterotomia Endoscópica , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Ácido Ursodesoxicólico/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Secondary malignancies of the thyroid gland are a rare finding in clinical practice. In addition, colorectal metastasis to the thyroid (CMT) is even more infrequently diagnosed. The source of the primary tumor follows demographic and ethnic patterns, which reflects the most prevalent malignancies in the different populations. Colorectal cancer is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide; nevertheless, CMT is infrequently diagnosed. Most of them are identified during the follow-up of gastrointestinal primary malignancies. Due to the improvement of image techniques, oncological treatment, and follow-up, survival and consequent diagnosis of metastatic disease are more frequent. Those facts make this entity a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge, due to the lack of information and the difficulties performing clinical trials and research. CASE SUMMARY: Here, we present a case report of a patient diagnosed with CMT of adenocarcinoma of the rectum evidenced during follow-up, 4 years after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, who had subsequent curative surgical treatment of the primary tumor and inter-current lung bilateral metastases. CONCLUSION: Thyroid metastases of extra-thyroid origin are an uncommon finding, even rarer in cases of CMT. The diagnostic process, as well as survival of oncologic patients is improving, and consequently the number of metastases to the thyroid gland is increasing.
Assuntos
Tratamentos com Preservação do Órgão/métodos , Pancreatectomia/métodos , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/cirurgia , Duodeno , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cisto Pancreático/diagnóstico por imagem , Cisto Pancreático/etiologia , Cisto Pancreático/patologia , Cisto Pancreático/cirurgia , Ductos Pancreáticos/cirurgia , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/patologiaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is an effective treatment for peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC). Laparoscopic surgery is performed in the treatment of colorectal and appendiceal cancer, and PC from diverse origin in selected patients. HIPEC management by laparoscopic approach after cytoreductive surgery (CRS) completed locoregional treatment of PC, and may be feasible and safe after appropriate patient selection. OBJECTIVE: Development of an experimental model of HIPEC by laparoscopic approach, with CO2 recirculation. Clinical translation in two patients with PC and low peritoneal cancer index. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We performed CRS in a porcine model of 5 pigs (35-38 kg) by laparoscopic approach. Laparoscopic HIPEC by CO2 recirculation system was performed; laparoscopic access was used for catheter input and output placement (Paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 for 60 min at 42 °C). The experimental variables were: blood gases, haemodynamic and intra-abdominal and central temperature. Clinical model application was performed in three cases with PC from colorectal origin. RESULTS: No statistically significant differences was found in blood gases, haemodynamic or temperature in the experimental study. In clinical study, there were no technical complications during laparoscopic-HIPEC approach, and we observed no changes in haemodynamic variables during the procedure. CONCLUSIONS: CRS and HIPEC laparoscopic model by CO2 recirculation system is safe and feasible technique in selected patients, that include low PC index, local and accessible tumour recurrences or high-risk of PC tumours.
Assuntos
Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Dióxido de Carbono/uso terapêutico , Hipertermia Induzida , Laparoscopia , Mitomicina/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias Peritoneais/terapia , Adulto , Idoso , Animais , Gasometria , Terapia Combinada , Feminino , Hemodinâmica , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Peritoneais/sangue , Neoplasias Peritoneais/fisiopatologia , Neoplasias Peritoneais/cirurgia , Suínos , Porco MiniaturaRESUMO
PURPOSE: To determine the effectiveness of thermography to control the distribution of abdominal temperature in the development of a closed chemohyperthermia model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For thermographic analysis, we divided the abdominopelvic cavity into nine regions according to a modification of carcinomatosis peritoneal index. A difference of 2.5 °C between and within the quadrants, and thermographic colours, were used as asymmetric criteria. Preclinical study:· Rats Model: Six athymic nude rats, male, rnu/rnu. They were treated with closed technique and open technique. Porcine Model: 12 female large white pigs. Four were treated with open technique and eight with closed recirculation CO2 technique. Clinical Pilot Study, EUDRACT 2011-006319-69: 18 patients with ovarian cancer were treated with cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermia intraperitoneal chemotherapy, HIPEC, with a closed recirculating CO2 system. Thermographic control and intra-abdominal temperature assessment was performed at the baseline, when outflow temperature reached 41 °C, and at 30´. RESULTS: The thermographic images showed a higher homogeneity of the intra-abdominal temperature in the closed model respect to the open technique. The thermogram showed a temperature distribution homogeneity when starting the circulation of chemotherapy. There was correlation between the temperature thermographic map in the closed porcine model and pilot study, and reached inflow and outflow temperatures, at half time of HIPEC, of 42/41.4 °C and 42 ± 0.2/41 ± 0.8 °C, respectively. There was no significant impact to the core temperature of patients after reaching the homogeneous temperature distribution. CONCLUSIONS: To control homogeneity of temperature distribution is feasible using infra-red digital images in a closed HIPEC with CO2 recirculation.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The origin of pancreatic cancer has been identified as a population of malignant pancreatic stem cells CD133+ CXCR4+ immunophenotype. These cells have high capacity for early locoregional invasion, being responsible for early recurrence and high mortality rates of pancreatic cancer. We propose a study for decreasing tumor progression of pancreatic cancer by reducing the volume and neoplastic subpopulation of pancreatic cancer stem cells CD133+ CXCR4+. Therefore, we develop a new therapeutic model, characterized by the application of HIPEC (Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy) with gemcitabine. DESIGN: Pancreatic tumor cell line: human cell line BxPC-3. The animal model involved 18 immunosuppressed rats 5 weeks weighing 150-200 gr. The implantation of 13 × 10(6) cells/mL was performed with homogeneous distribution in the 13 abdominopelvic quadrants according to the peritoneal carcinomatosis index (PCI) and were randomized into three treatment groups. Group I (4 rats) received intravenous saline. Group II (6 rats) received intravenous gemcitabine. Group III (8 rats) received HIPEC at 41 °C for 30 min with gemcitabine + gemcitabine IV. A histological study confirmed pancreatic cancer and immunohistochemical quantification of pancreatic cancer stem cells CD133+ CXCR4+ tumor cells. RESULTS: There was a population decline of pancreatic cancer stem cells CD133+ CXCR4+ in the HIPEC group with respect to the other two groups (p < 0.001). There was a decrease in PCI between treatment groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The initial results are encouraging since there is a declining population of cancer stem cells CD133+ CXCR4+ in the HIPEC group and decreased tumor volume compared to the other two treatment groups. All the conclusions are only valid for BxPC3 cell line, and the effects HIPEC on Kras-driven pancreatic tumors remain to be determined.
Assuntos
Antígeno AC133/imunologia , Antimetabólitos Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Antimetabólitos Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Carcinoma/tratamento farmacológico , Desoxicitidina/análogos & derivados , Hipertermia Induzida/métodos , Células-Tronco Neoplásicas/patologia , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Peritoneais/tratamento farmacológico , Receptores CXCR4/imunologia , Animais , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Terapia Combinada , Desoxicitidina/administração & dosagem , Desoxicitidina/uso terapêutico , Progressão da Doença , Humanos , Injeções Intraperitoneais , Masculino , Transplante de Neoplasias , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/patologia , Ratos , Ratos Nus , GencitabinaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Hidradenitis is a disorder where abscesses appear after the infection of the apocrine sweat glands. It is located normally in the axillae, groin, perineal region, and the scalp. CLINICAL CASE: A 37 year old male was referred by his GP to the General Surgery Department with axillary hidradenitis which had evolved over the years. The physical examination shows signs of hidradenitis in both axillae, with a noticeable suppurative hidradenitis in the right armpit. En bloc extirpation was performed to remove the whole affected area. The pathological examination revealed a cutaneous leishmaniasis. Subsequently, fucidin was administered topically, as well as local infiltrations of one millilitre of Glucantime™. DISCUSSION: Hidradenitis normally appears in intertriginous areas and its manifestation is accompanied by recurrent subcutaneous nodules. The incidence rate in females is three times higher than in males. The isolated Hidradenitis caused by Leishmania is a rare condition presented only in endemic areas or in immunocompromised patients, such as HIV-infected patients. Clinical manifestations can be different and the diagnosis can be confirmed through haematoxylin-eosin. The main pattern displays a disorganised granuloma without necrosis. Systemic or topical treatment can be applied. Immunotherapy treatment is the most common. CONCLUSIONS: Hidradenitis caused by Leishmania in HIV-negative patients is a rare condition. Therefore it is important to perform a good histological diagnosis and to administer the right treatment.
Assuntos
Hidradenite/parasitologia , Leishmaniose Cutânea/complicações , Adulto , Antiprotozoários/uso terapêutico , Axila/parasitologia , Terapia Combinada , Ácido Fusídico/uso terapêutico , Soronegatividade para HIV , Hidradenite/tratamento farmacológico , Hidradenite/cirurgia , Humanos , Leishmaniose Cutânea/diagnóstico , Leishmaniose Cutânea/tratamento farmacológico , Leishmaniose Cutânea/cirurgia , Masculino , Meglumina/uso terapêutico , Antimoniato de Meglumina , Compostos Organometálicos/uso terapêutico , RecidivaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Pneumoperitoneum is defined as the existence of extraluminal air in the abdominal cavity. In 80-90% of cases is due to perforation of a hollow organ. However, in 10-15% of cases, it is nonsurgical pneumoperitoneum. OBJECTIVE: The case of a patient undergoing mechanical ventilation, developing abdominal compartment syndrome tension pneumoperitoneum is reported. CLINICAL CASE: Female, 75 years old asking for advise due to flu of long term duration. Given her respiratory instability, admission to the Intensive Care Unit is decided. It is then intubated and mechanically ventilated. Chest x-ray revealed a large pneumoperitoneum but no pneumothorax neither mediastinum; and due to the suspicion of viscera perforation with clinical instability secondary to intra-abdominal hypertension box, emergency surgery was decided. CONCLUSIONS: When discarded medical history as a cause of pneumoperitoneum, it is considered that ventilation is the most common cause. Benign idiopathic or nonsurgical pneumoperitoneum, can be be treated conservatively if the patient agrees. But if intraabdominal hypertension prevails, it can result in severe respiratory and hemodynamic deterioration, sometimes requiring abdominal decompression to immediately get lower abdominal pressure and thus improve hemodynamic function.
Assuntos
Barotrauma/complicações , Hipertensão Intra-Abdominal/etiologia , Intubação Intratraqueal/efeitos adversos , Pneumoperitônio/etiologia , Alvéolos Pulmonares/lesões , Respiração Artificial/efeitos adversos , Idoso , Barotrauma/fisiopatologia , Descompressão Cirúrgica , Emergências , Feminino , Hemodinâmica , Humanos , Influenza Humana/complicações , Ventilação com Pressão Positiva Intermitente , Hipertensão Intra-Abdominal/fisiopatologia , Hipertensão Intra-Abdominal/cirurgia , Laparotomia , Pneumoperitônio/fisiopatologia , Insuficiência Respiratória/etiologia , Insuficiência Respiratória/terapiaRESUMO
Duodenal injuries constitute a challenge to the Trauma Surgeon, mainly due to their retroperitoneal location. When identified, they present associated with other abdominal injuries. Consequently, they have an increased morbidity and mortality. At best estimates, duodenal lesions occur in 4.3% of all patients with abdominal injuries, ranging from 3.7% to 5%, and because of their anatomical proximity to other organs, they are rarely an isolated injury. The aim of this paper is to present a concise description of the anatomy, diagnosis, surgical management and treatment of complications of duodenal trauma, and an analysis of complications and mortality rates of duodenal injuries based on a 46-year review of the literature.
Assuntos
Duodeno/lesões , Traumatismos Abdominais/diagnóstico , Traumatismos Abdominais/cirurgia , HumanosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Presence of the vermiform appendix in an inguinal hernia sac is an uncommon finding (1%), exceptionally rare if it's inflamed (0.13%). Clinically simulating incarcerated inguinal hernia and proper preoperative diagnosis is exceptional. We present two unusual cases of Amyand's hernia, and review of the bibliography. CLINICAL CASES: 1. Male patient 78 year old with an incarcerated right inguinal hernia which was performed preoperatively the diagnosis of Amyand's hernia by abdominal Computed Tomography. Clinical case 2. Female patient 82 year old with symptoms of an incarcerated right femoral hernia that finally showed an Amyand's hernia through a right inguinal hernia. CONCLUSIONS: Amyand's hernia is a rare entity whose preoperative diagnosis is uncommon, that it should always be considered in the differential diagnosis in cases with clinical signs of incarcerated right inguinal hernia.
Antecedentes: encontrar el apéndice vermiforme en un saco herniario inguinal es un hallazgo infrecuente (1%), excepcionalmente raro si está inflamado (0.13%). Clínicamente simula una hernia inguinal incarcerada y el diagnóstico preoperatorio adecuado se establece en contadas excepciones. Se reportan dos casos excepcionales de hernias de Amyand y se revisa la bibliografía. Casos clínicos: 1. Paciente masculino de 78 años con una hernia inguinal derecha, incarcerada, en el que el diagnóstico de hernia de Amyand se estableció antes de la cirugía mediante tomografía computada abdominal. Caso clínico 2. Paciente femenina de 82 años de edad, con clínica de hernia crural derecha incarcerada con una hernia de Amyand a través de una hernia inguinal derecha. Conclusiones: la hernia de Amyand es una rara enfermedad cuyo diagnóstico preoperatorio es infrecuente y que siempre debe considerarse en el diagnóstico diferencial en los casos con signos clínicos de hernia inguinal derecha incarcerada.
Assuntos
Apendicite/complicações , Apêndice , Hérnia Inguinal/diagnóstico , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Antibioticoprofilaxia , Apendicectomia , Apêndice/patologia , Emergências , Feminino , Gangrena , Hérnia Inguinal/complicações , Hérnia Inguinal/diagnóstico por imagem , Herniorrafia , Humanos , Masculino , RadiografiaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is due to a single adenoma in 85%-95% of cases, and is often cured after adenoma removal. Intraoperative rapid determination of intact parathyroid hormone (PTHio) may be a tool for monitoring the effectiveness of PHPT surgery. The main objective of our study was to evaluate PTHio determination and to establish whether its successful implementation contributed to achieve minimally invasive surgery (MIS) and major ambulatory surgery (MAS) in the treatment of PHPT. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective study of a consecutive series of patients diagnosed and operated on for PHPT at the University General Hospital of Ciudad Real between January 2005 and January 2012. RESULTS: In the study period, 91 patients underwent surgery. 39 (42.9%) under general anesthesia, while 52 (57.1%) were candidates for regional anesthesia by cervical block. Seventy-six of all patients (83.5%) were amenable to MIS using a unilateral approach. Classical cervicotomy was performed in all other patients. PTHio determination was done in 75 patients, showing cure in the same surgery in 68 of them. MAS was performed in 70.3% (64) of patients. CONCLUSIONS: Determination of PTHio may allow for changing the surgical approach to PHPT at our department, allowing for performance of MIS on an outpatient basis in a significant proportion of patients with some cosmetic improvement, probably less pain, shorter hospital stay, and less potential complications than bilateral cervical exploration.
Assuntos
Adenoma/cirurgia , Hiperparatireoidismo Primário/cirurgia , Cuidados Intraoperatórios/métodos , Hormônio Paratireóideo/sangue , Neoplasias das Paratireoides/cirurgia , Paratireoidectomia/métodos , Adenoma/sangue , Adenoma/complicações , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Ambulatórios/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Hiperparatireoidismo Primário/sangue , Hiperparatireoidismo Primário/etiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Minimamente Invasivos , Neoplasias das Paratireoides/sangue , Neoplasias das Paratireoides/complicações , Estudos Retrospectivos , Adulto JovemAssuntos
Adenoma Viloso/complicações , Neoplasias do Colo/complicações , Intussuscepção/etiologia , Desequilíbrio Hidroeletrolítico/etiologia , Adenoma Viloso/diagnóstico , Adenoma Viloso/patologia , Idoso , Neoplasias do Colo/diagnóstico , Neoplasias do Colo/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Intussuscepção/diagnóstico , Intussuscepção/patologia , Doenças Retais/diagnóstico , Doenças Retais/etiologia , Doenças Retais/patologia , Desequilíbrio Hidroeletrolítico/diagnósticoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Nesidioblastosis is a rare disease caused by hyperplasia of pancreatic islets, developing a state of hypoglycemia due to an increase in the insulin production. It is the leading cause of hyperinsulinic hypoglycemia in childhood, whereas in adults it only represents the 0.5-5% of cases. The pathogenesis is still unknown. We have studied several genetic mutations associated with dependent potassium channel of ATP present in the beta cells of the pancreas, as well as in patients underwent bariatric surgery because of the metabolic changes involved. REPORT: Woman (38 years old) attends consultation of General Surgery derived from Endocrinology before symptoms of persistent hypoglycemia. Factitious hypoglycemia and syndromes of neuroendocrine origin were ruled out. Imaging tests failed to identify space-occupying lesions. The medical treatment failed, persisting hypoglycemia symptoms. Before the given analytical and radiological findings obtained, and the persistence of symptoms affecting the quality of life of the patient, we opted for surgical treatment performing a pancreatectomy of the 80% of the gland. The final pathologic diagnosis was nesidioblastosis. DISCUSSION: Nesidioblastosis is a rare pathology, but it must be present in the differential diagnosis of hypoglycemia symptoms with endogenous hyperinsulinism in adults, once the intake of sulfonylureas and possible pancreatic neoformations have been ruled out.