Botulinum treatment of infantile esotropia with abduction nystagmus.

PURPOSE: To examine the effect of botulinum toxin type A (BTA) on the final correction of esotropia, A and V patterns, overaction of the oblique muscles, and dissociated vertical deviation (DVD) in infantile esotropia with nystagmus in abduction. METHODS: This retrospective study examined 54 patients treated with simultaneous bilateral medial injection of BTA. Subjects were divided into two groups: group 1 (first injection <18 months of age) and group 2 (first injection >18 months of age). RESULTS: Pre-BTA, group 1 patients had an angle of esotropia noticeably higher and fewer A patterns than group 2 patients. Post-BTA, group 2 received significantly fewer injections of BTA than group 1. The magnitude of the A patterns improved. Prior frequency of DVD increased significantly in group 1 (100%): 79% of DVD was decompensated compared with 47% in group 2. Overall success was obtained in 14% and 58% of groups 1 and 2, respectively. CONCLUSION: We do not support BTA treatment in infantile esotropia with nystagmus in abduction prior to age 18 months. After 18 months, the horizontal results are excellent and neither the incidence nor the degree of previous DVD are decompensated, resulting in high success rates for overall deviation and improving anisotropy in A.

Value of the S100 protein in the study of nevus and ocular melanomas.

Ten cases of melanoma and 5 ocular nevus were studied with the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method with S100 protein. All the cases showed positivity for this protein, this is why we can advise its use in the diagnosis of these entities.

Hiperplasia gigante de ganglios linfáticos (enfermedad de Castleman) con neuropatía periférica y síndrome de secreción inadecuada de hormona antidiurética / Giant lymph node hyperplasia (Castleman's disease) with peripheral nerve diseases and syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone

Se presenta un caso clínico de enfermedad de Castleman localizada en el mediastino simulando um timoma. Castleman describió por primera vez la hiperplasia gigante de ganglios linfáticos. Esta entidad presenta dos tipos histopatológicos con formas de transición entre ambos. Son destacables los síntomas y signos de neuropatía periférica. Como hecho original encontramos asociado un síndrome de secreción inadecuada de hormona antidiurética que cede totalmente con la extirpación del tumor. La histología demostró una hiperplasia gigante de ganglios linfáticos tipo II (hialino-vascular) con formación de seudo-corpúsculos de Hassall

Studies of ocular retinoblastomas with immunoperoxidase techniques.

15 cases of ocular retinoblastomas, 10 differentiated and 5 undifferentiated, were studied with the following antibodies: neuron-specific enolase, S100, and tubulin. All cases turned out negative with S100 and tubulin labeling. The well-differentiated retinoblastomas were NSE-positive, and only 2 of the 5 undifferentiated retinoblastomas were positive for the same antibody. The observed results let us conclude that S100 and tubulin are not useful in diagnosing this entity and that enolase, although it showed its value in the differentiated retinoblastomas, did not have the same effect in the undifferentiated retinoblastomas, as it was negative in 3 out of 5 cases.

Immunohistochemical study of embryonic rhabdomyosarcomas.

11 orbital embryonic rhabdomyosarcomas were studied immunohistochemically from patients under 4 years of age. One out of these cases, undifferentiated, showed to be myoglobin negative, and desmin positive. We point out the importance of this fact in immunohistochemical determination of the specificity of this entity.

Un caso de epitelizacion quistica de la camara anterior tratado con corneo-escleroirido-trabeculo-ciclectomia. / A case of cystic epithelialization of the anterior chamber treated with sclero-corneo-trabeculoirido-cyclectomy

Se presenta un caso de epitelizacion quistica de la camara anterior tratado con esclero-corneo-trabeculo-irido ciclectomia parcial, a traves de una trepanacion corneoescleral, con injerto de cornea circular consecutivo.Se realiza una resena sobre la etiopatogenia de la afeccion y una revison de los tratamiento quirurgicos utilizados. Se sugiere la conducta a seguir para prevenir la produccion de esta complicacion

Iridocyclectomy technique and results.

The technique and results of 30 iridocyclectomies performed by the senior author are reviewed. Although the total number of cases is small for statistical purposes, its main value is that all the operations were performed by one surgeon, which means a uniform criteria for the indications, surgical technique, management of complications, immediate and postoperative decisions, follow-up control, and direct discussion of the histopathology with the pathologist. Three techniques were used: (1) routine excision only of uveal tissue in 15 cases, (2) cyclectomy, ie, plus excision of deep scleral wall in four cases, and (3) block excisions of cornea, sclera, affected iris, and ciliary body followed by a reconstructive penetrating graft in 11 cases. Twenty-one cases were melanocytoma; one, metastatic tumor; one, nevus; two, cysts; and three, foreign body granulomas. Prognostic features such as cell type, largest diameter above 10 mm, tumor thickness, tumor at edge, iris or ciliary body origin, location, and preoperative glaucoma are discussed, and some practical conclusions are advanced. The follow-up control for 21 melanoma cases in the series is five to ten years or more in 11 cases and up to four years in ten cases. The visual results are also analyzed.