Biocontrol of tomato bacterial wilt by the new strain Bacillus velezensis FJAT-46737 and its lipopeptides.

BACKGROUND: There is an urgent need to discover biocontrol agents to control bacterial wilt. This study reports on a new lipopeptide-producing biocontrol strain FJAT-46737 and explores its lipopeptidic compounds, and this study investigates the antagonistic effects of these compounds. RESULTS: Based on a whole genome sequence analysis, the new strain FJAT-46737 was identified as Bacillus velezensis, and seven gene clusters responsible for the synthesis of bioactive secondary metabolites in FJAT-46737 were predicted. The antimicrobial results demonstrated that FJAT-46737 exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities in vitro against three bacteria and three fungi. Pot experiments showed that the control efficiencies for tomato bacterial wilt of the whole cultures, the 2-fold diluted supernatants and the crude lipopeptide of FJAT-46737 were 66.2%, 82.0%, and 96.2%, respectively. The above results suggested that one of the antagonistic mechanisms of FJAT-46737 was the secretion of lipopeptides consisting of iturins, fengycins and surfactins. The crude lipopeptides had significant antagonistic activities against several pathogens (including Ralstonia solanacearum, Escherichia coli and Fusarium oxysporum) and fengycins were the major antibacterial components of the lipopeptides against R. solanacearum in vitro. Furthermore, the rich organic nitrogen sources (especially yeast extracts) in the media promoted the production of fengycin and surfactin by FJAT-46737. The secretion of these two lipopeptides was related to temperature fluctuations, with the fengycin content decreasing by 96.6% and the surfactins content increasing by 59.9% from 20 °C to 40 °C. The optimal temperature for lipopeptide production by FJAT-46737 varied between 20 °C and 25 °C. CONCLUSIONS: The B. velezensis strain FJAT-46737 and its secreted lipopeptides could be used as new sources of potential biocontrol agents against several plant pathogens, and especially the bacterial wilt pathogen R. solanacearum.

Effects of Brevibacillus brevis FJAT-1501-BPA on growth performance, faecal microflora, faecal enzyme activities and blood parameters of weaned piglets.

A feeding expriment was performed to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with Brevibacillus brevis FJAT-1501-BPA fermentation on the growth performance, faecal microflora, faecal enzyme activities and blood parameters of weaned piglets. A total of 150 weaned piglets were randomly assigned to different treatments groups, which were fed the same basic diet supplemented with 10, 1, 0.1, 0.01 and 0 % B. brevis FJAT-1501-BPA fermentation. The results showed that a diet supplemented with 10 % B. brevis FJAT-1501-BPA fermentation could significantly increase the final body weight (P < 0.05) and decrease feed to gain ratio, which was 37.1 % lower than that of the control group. The addition of B. brevis FJAT-1501-BPA exhibited a trend of reducing the contents of the Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus and Salmonella compared with the control. During the 35 day experimental period, cellulase and protease activities were significantly increased by the dietary inclusion of the B. brevis FJAT-1501-BPA fermentation (P < 0.05). The cellulase activity for piglets fed diet containing 1 % B. brevis FJAT-1501-BPA fermentation, 21.8 U/g, was highest among the different treatments. The protease activity for piglets fed diet containing 10 % B. brevis FJAT-1501-BPA fermentation, 50.4 U/g, was highest among the different treatments. The amylase and hemicellulase activities for piglets fed diet containing 10 % B. brevis FJAT-1501-BPA fermentation were significantly higher than those on the control diet and other treatments (P < 0.05). Moreover, usage of feed dietary supplementation with B. brevis FJAT-1501-BPA had positive effects on levels of enzymes and minerals in blood. The alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, Fe and Mg concentrations for weaned piglets fed diet containing B. brevis FJAT-1501-BPA fermentation were significantly higher than for those on the control diet (P < 0.05). Furthermore, concentration of IgG in serum was higher in weaned piglets fed diet containing 1 % B. brevis FJAT-1501-BPA fermentation compared to other treatments. These results indicated that feeding with B. brevis FJAT-1501-BPA has the potential to improve growth performance, faecal microflora, faecal enzyme activities and blood parameters of weaned piglets.

Draft Genome Sequence of Bacillus farraginis R-6540T (DSM 16013), a Spore-Forming Bacterium Isolated at Dairy Farms.

Bacillus farraginis R-6540(T) is a Gram-positive, aerobic, and spore-forming bacterium with very high intrinsic heat resistance. Here, we report the 5.32-Mb draft genome sequence of B. farraginis R-6540(T), which is the first genome sequence of this species and will promote its fundamental research.

Draft Genome Sequence of Bacillus cecembensis PN5T (DSM 21993), a Psychrotolerant Bacterium Isolated from Soil Samples near the Pindari Glacier.

Bacillus cecembensis PN5(T) is a Gram-positive, aerobic, and spore-forming bacterium with very high intrinsic heat resistance. Here, we report the 4.72-Mb draft genome sequence of B. cecembensis PN5(T), the first genome sequence of this species, which will promote its fundamental research.

Draft Genome Sequence of Bacillus shackletonii LMG 18435T, Isolated from Volcanic Mossy Soil.

Bacillus shackletonii LMG 18435(T) is a Gram-positive, aerobic, and spore-forming bacterium. Here, we report the 5.30-Mb draft genome sequence of B. shackletonii LMG 18435(T), which will promote its fundamental research and provide useful information for genomic taxonomy and phylogenomics of Bacillus-like bacteria.

Draft Genome Sequence of Bacillus plakortidis P203T (DSM 19153), an Alkali- and Salt-Tolerant Marine Bacterium.

Bacillus plakortidis P203(T) is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, and alkali- and salt-tolerant marine bacterium. Here, we report the 3.97-Mb draft genome sequence of B. plakortidis P203(T), which will promote its fundamental research and provide useful information for genomic taxonomy and phylogenomics of Bacillus-like bacteria.

Genome Sequence of Type Strain Lysinibacillus macroides DSM 54T.

Lysinibacillus macroides DSM 54(T) is a Gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium. Here, we report the 4,866,035-bp genome sequence of Lysinibacillus macroides DSM 54(T), which will accelerate the application of degrading xylan and provide useful information for genomic taxonomy and phylogenomics of Bacillus-like bacteria.

High-Quality Draft Genome Sequence of Aneurinibacillus migulanus ATCC 9999T (DSM 2895), a Gramicidin S-Producing Bacterium Isolated from Garden Soil.

Aneurinibacillus migulanus ATCC 9999(T) (DSM 2895) is a Gram-positive, round-spore-forming, and gramicidin S-producing bacterium. Here, we report the 6.35-Mb high-quality draft genome sequence of A. migulanus ATCC 9999(T), which will provide useful information for the genomic taxonomy and phylogenomics of Bacillus-like bacteria.

Genome Sequence of Bacillus butanolivorans K9T (DSM 18926), an n-Butanol-Consuming Bacterium Isolated from Soil.

Bacillus butanolivorans K9(T) (DSM 18926) is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, strictly aerobic, and n-butanol-consuming bacterium. Here, we report the 5.68-Mb genome sequence of B. butanolivorans K9(T), which is the first genomic information of this species that will provide useful information for the genomic taxonomy and phylogenomics of Bacillus-like bacteria.

Draft Genome Sequence of Bacillus murimartini LMG 21005T, an Alkalitolerant Bacterium Isolated from a Church Wall Mural in Germany.

Bacillus murimartini LMG 21005(T) is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, and alkalitolerant bacterium isolated from a church wall mural. Here, we report the 4.17-Mb genome sequence of B. murimartini LMG 21005(T), which will accelerate the application of this alkalitolerant bacterium and provide useful information for genomic taxonomy and phylogenomics of Bacillus-like bacteria.

Draft Genome Sequence of Sporosarcina globispora W 25T (DSM 4), a Psychrophilic Bacterium Isolated from Soil and River Water.

Sporosarcina globispora W 25(T) (DSM 4) is a Gram-positive, round-spore-forming, and psychrophilic bacterium. Here, we report the 5.66-Mb genome sequence of S. globispora W 25(T), which will accelerate the application of this psychrophile and provide useful information for genomic taxonomy and phylogenomics of Bacillus-like bacteria.

Genome Sequence of Type Strain Bacillus decisifrondis E5HC-32T (DSM 11725T), Isolated from Soil Underlying the Decaying Leaf Litter of a Slash Pine Forest.

Bacillus decisifrondis E5HC-32(T) (DSM 11725(T)) is a Gram-positive, subterminal spherical spore-forming, strictly aerobic bacterium. Here, we report the 5,613,728-bp genome sequence of B. decisifrondis E5HC-32(T), which is the first genome information of this species and will provide useful information for genomic taxonomy and phylogenomics of Bacillus-like bacteria.

Draft Genome Sequence of Type Strain Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus DSM 23493T.

Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus DSM 23493(T) is a Gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium. Here, we report the 5.22-Mb genome sequence of Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus DSM 23493(T), which will accelerate the application of degrading xylan and provide useful information for genomic taxonomy and phylogenomics of Bacillus-like bacteria.

Genome Sequence of Brevibacillus reuszeri NRRL NRS-1206T, an l-N-Carbamoylase-Producing Bacillus-Like Bacterium.

Brevibacillus reuszeri NRRL NRS-1206(T) is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, and strictly aerobic bacterium. Here, we report the draft 6.98-Mb genome sequence of B. reuszeri NRRL NRS-1206(T), which is the first genome information of B. reuszeri and will provide useful information for genomic taxonomy and phylogenomics of Bacillus-like bacteria.

Draft Genome Sequence of Bacillus pseudalcaliphilus PN-137T (DSM 8725), an Alkaliphilic Halotolerant Bacterium Isolated from Garden Soils.

Bacillus pseudalcaliphilus PN-137(T) (DSM 8725) is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, alkaliphilic, and halotolerant bacterium. Here, we report the 4.49-Mb genome sequence of B. pseudalcaliphilus PN-137(T), which will accelerate the application of this alkaliphile and provide useful information for genomic taxonomy and phylogenomics of Bacillus-like bacteria.

Genome Sequence of Anaerobacillus macyae JMM-4T (DSM 16346), the First Genomic Information of the Newly Established Genus Anaerobacillus.

Anaerobacillus macyae JMM-4(T) (DSM 16346) is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, and arsenate-respiring bacterium. Here, we report the 4.26-Mb genome sequence of A. macyae JMM-4(T), which is the first genome information of the newly established genus Anaerobacillus.

[Diversity of Bacillus species inhabiting on the surface and endophyte of lichens collected from Wuyi Mountain].

OBJECTIVE: The present work reported the isolation, identification and diversity of Bacillus species colonizing on the surface and endophyte in lichens collected from Wuyi Mountain. METHODS: Nine lichen samples of Evernia, Stereocaulon, Menegazzia and other 6 genera belonging to 7 families were collected from Wuyi mountain nature reserve. The bacillus-like species colonizing on the surface and endophyte in these lichens were isolated and identified by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. RESULTS: There was no bacillus-like species isolated from Evernia, Ramalina and Lecarona. A total of 34 bacillus-like bacteria were isolated from another 6 lichen samples. These bacteria were identified as 24 species and were classified into Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Brevibacillus, Lysinibacillus and Viridiibacillus. Paenibacillus and Bacillus are the dominant genera, and accounting for 41. 2% and 35. 3% of all isolated bacteria respectively. Brevibacillus, Lysinibacillus and Viridiibacillu were first reported being isolated from lichens. There were different species and quantity of bacillus colonizing on the surface and endophyte in different lichens. The quantity of bacillus colonizing on the surface of Physcia was more than 3.85 x 10(6) cfu/g and was the largest in the isolated bacteria, while the species of bacillus colonizing on the surface and endophyte in Stereocaulon was the most abundant. Most of the isolated bacteria were colonizing on (in) one lichen genera, but Paenibacillus taichungensis, Paenibacillus odorifer, Brevibacillus agri, Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus was respectively colonizing on (in) 2-3 lichen genera and Bacillus mycoides was colonizing on (in) Menegazzia, Cladonia Physcia, and Stereocaulon. CONCLUSION: There are species and quantity diversity of bacillus colonizing on (in) lichens.

Bacillus solani sp. nov., isolated from rhizosphere soil of a potato field.

A novel Gram-stain-positive, endospore-forming bacterium, designated strain FJAT-18043T, was isolated from a soil sample of a potato field in Xinjiang Autonomous Region, China. Cells were rods that were catalase-positive and motile by peritrichous flagella. The strain grew at 20-45 °C (optimum 35 °C), at pH 6.0-10.0 (optimum pH 9) and with 0-10 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 0 %). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain FJAT-18043T belonged to the genus Bacillus and exhibited similarities of 97.7, 97.6, 97.2 and 97.2 % with Bacillus eiseniae A1-2T, Bacillus horneckiae DSM 23495T, Bacillus gottheilii WCC 4585T and Bacillus purgationiresistens DS22T, respectively. DNA-DNA relatedness between strain FJAT-18043T and B. eiseniae A1-2 T was lower than 70 % (36.1 %). The menaquinone was identified as MK-7 and the major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. The major fatty acids detected were anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0, C16 : 0 and iso-C14 : 0. The DNA G+C content was 48.8 mol%. Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genotypic properties clearly indicated that isolate FJAT-18043T represents a novel species within the genus Bacillus, for which the name Bacillus solani sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is FJAT-18043T ( = DSM 29501T = CCTCC AB 2014277T).