Assuntos
Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Carbapenêmicos/farmacologia , Infecções por Klebsiella/microbiologia , Klebsiella pneumoniae/efeitos dos fármacos , Klebsiella pneumoniae/fisiologia , Resistência beta-Lactâmica/genética , beta-Lactamases/genética , Humanos , Itália/epidemiologia , Infecções por Klebsiella/epidemiologia , Klebsiella pneumoniae/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
Some lasers have demonstrated to provide effective disinfection when used as adjunctive device to the conventional treatment. The aim of this in vitro study was to determine the effectiveness of the erbium, chromium:yttrium scandium gallium garnet (Er, Cr:YSGG) laser by measuring its bactericidal effect inside the root canal experimentally colonized with Enterococcus faecalis. The laser was tested at different irradiation times (30 and 60 s) and energy of impulses (75 and 25 mJ). A total of 52 single-rooted extracted human teeth were endodontically prepared with rotary instrumentation. All were sterilized and inoculated with a suspension of E. faecalis (105 bacteria/ml). The teeth were randomized into three treatment (group 1, group 2, and group 3) and one control groups. In all groups, teeth were chemically irrigated with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. Groups 1 and 2 were also irradiated at 30 and 60 s, respectively, with an Er, Cr:YSGG laser at 75 mJ. Teeth of group 3 were treated with laser for 60 s at 25 mJ. Samples were processed to detect the presence of E. faecalis. For all groups, a bactericidal effect was observed. The use of laser at 75 mJ with an irradiation time of 30 and 60 s eliminated a percentage of 92.3 and 100% of E. faecalis, respectively. In the control group, a reduction of 92.3% was observed. Lower percentage of reduction (46.1%) was obtained in teeth treated with laser at 25 mJ for 60 s. No statistical differences were observed between the groups (P = 0.543, Fisher's exact test). The results indicated a bactericidal effect of Er, Cr:YSGG laser irradiation at the settings used in this study. The highest bactericidal effect of this laser was observed at 60 s of irradiation time, using an energy pulse of 75 mJ.
Assuntos
Cavidade Pulpar/cirurgia , Desinfetantes/química , Enterococcus faecalis , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Positivas/cirurgia , Lasers de Estado Sólido/uso terapêutico , Cárie Dentária/cirurgia , Desinfecção/métodos , Érbio , Humanos , Lasers , Modelos Dentários , Doenças Periodontais/cirurgia , Tratamento do Canal Radicular/métodos , Hipoclorito de Sódio/química , Raiz Dentária/cirurgiaRESUMO
A survey was performed in May 2013 to assess methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) nasal colonization in healthy children attending 26 municipal daycare centres in Palermo, Italy. Of the 500 children, ten (2 %) tested positive. Eight MRSA isolates were tst1-positive ST22-MRSA-IVa, spa t223; the other two isolates were identified as ST1-IVa and ST398-V, respectively. tst1-positive ST22-MRSA, spa t223 has been previously identified only in the Middle Eastern area.
Assuntos
Portador Sadio/epidemiologia , Portador Sadio/microbiologia , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/classificação , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/isolamento & purificação , Tipagem Molecular , Infecções Estafilocócicas/epidemiologia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/microbiologia , Pré-Escolar , Coleta de Dados , Feminino , Genótipo , Humanos , Masculino , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/genética , Epidemiologia Molecular , Sicília/epidemiologiaRESUMO
This article reports an outbreak of colonization by Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae (KPC-Kp) sequence type (ST) 258 in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in Palermo, Italy. KPC-Kp ST258 was detected by an active surveillance culture programme. Between 18th September and 14th November 2012, KPC-Kp was isolated from 10 out of 54 neonates admitted in the outbreak period. No cases of infection were recorded. Male sex was associated with colonization, whereas administration of ampicillin- sulbactam plus gentamicin was protective. Infection control interventions interrupted the spread of KPC-Kp without the need to close the NICU to new admissions.