RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Long-term mental health outcomes were characterized in patients who were diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), and risk factors for the development of mental health disorders were identified. METHODS: Patients who were diagnosed with HL between 1997 and 2014 were identified in the Utah Cancer Registry. Each patient was matched with up to five individuals from a general population cohort identified within the Utah Population Database, a unique source of linked records that includes patient and demographic data. RESULTS: In total, 795 patients who had HL were matched with 3575 individuals from the general population. Compared with the general population, patients who had HL had a higher risk of any mental health diagnosis (hazard ratio, 1.77; 95% confidence interval, 1.57-2.00). Patients with HL had higher risks of anxiety, depression, substance-related disorders, and suicide and intentional self-inflicted injuries compared with the general population. The main risk factor associated with an increased risk of being diagnosed with mental health disorders was undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, with a hazard ratio of 2.06 (95% confidence interval, 1.53-2.76). The diagnosis of any mental health disorder among patients with HL was associated with a detrimental impact on overall survival; the 10-year overall survival rate was 70% in patients who had a mental health diagnosis compared with 86% in those patients without a mental health diagnosis (p < .0001). CONCLUSIONS: Patients who had HL had an increased risk of various mental health disorders compared with a matched general population. The current data illustrate the importance of attention to mental health in HL survivorship, particularly for patients who undergo therapy with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Assuntos
Doença de Hodgkin , Transtornos Mentais , Doença de Hodgkin/complicações , Doença de Hodgkin/epidemiologia , Doença de Hodgkin/patologia , Humanos , Transtornos Mentais/complicações , Transtornos Mentais/epidemiologia , Saúde Mental , Fatores de Risco , Taxa de SobrevidaRESUMO
In the last decade, a better understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas has resulted in the development of novel targeted therapies, such as small molecule inhibitors of select kinases in the B-cell receptor pathway, antibody-drug conjugates, and small molecules that target a variety of proteins (eg, CD-19, EZH2, and XPO-1-mediated nuclear export). Anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy, first approved for relapsed/refractory (R/R) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, has also emerged as a novel treatment option for R/R follicular lymphoma and mantle cell lymphoma. These NCCN Guideline Insights highlight the new targeted therapy options included in the NCCN Guidelines for B-Cell Lymphomas for the treatment of R/R disease.
Assuntos
Imunoconjugados , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B , Linfoma não Hodgkin , Adulto , Antígenos CD19 , Humanos , Imunoconjugados/uso terapêutico , Imunoterapia Adotiva/métodos , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/tratamento farmacológico , Linfoma não Hodgkin/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
AIM: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has been shown to cluster in families. First-degree relatives of individuals with CLL have an ~8 fold increased risk of developing the malignancy. Strong heritability suggests pedigree studies will have good power to localize pathogenic genes. However, CLL is relatively rare and heterogeneous, complicating ascertainment and analyses. Our goal was to identify CLL risk loci using unique resources available in Utah and methods to address intra-familial heterogeneity. METHODS: We identified a six-generation high-risk CLL pedigree using the Utah Population Database. This pedigree contains 24 CLL cases connected by a common ancestor. We ascertained and genotyped eight CLL cases using a high-density SNP array, and then performed shared genomic segment (SGS) analysis - a method designed for extended high-risk pedigrees that accounts for heterogeneity. RESULTS: We identified a genome-wide significant region (P = 1.9 × 10-7, LOD-equivalent 5.6) at 2q22.1. The 0.9 Mb region was inherited through 26 meioses and shared by seven of the eight genotyped cases. It sits within a ~6.25 Mb locus identified in a previous linkage study of 206 small CLL families. Our narrow region intersects two genes, including CXCR4 which is highly expressed in CLL cells and implicated in maintenance and progression. CONCLUSION: SGS analysis of an extended high-risk CLL pedigree identified the most significant evidence to-date for a 0.9 Mb CLL disease locus at 2q22.1, harboring CXCR4. This discovery contributes to a growing literature implicating CXCR4 in inherited risk to CLL. Investigation of the segregating haplotype in the pedigree will be valuable for elucidating risk variant(s).
RESUMO
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients who develop Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) have limited survival. No current therapeutic standard of care exists. We conducted a multi-center retrospective study of patients with Hodgkin Transformation (HT) of CLL. Clinicobiologic characteristics, treatment type, and survival outcomes were analyzed and compared with historic case series. Ninety-four patients were identified. Median age at HT was 67 years (range, 38-85). Median time from CLL diagnosis to HT was 5.5 years (range, 0-20.2). Prior to HT, patients received a median of 2 therapies for CLL (range, 0-12). As initial therapy for HT, 61% (n=62) received ABVD-based regimens (adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine). Seven (7%) patients received hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) while in first complete remission (CR1). The median number of treatments for HT per patient was 1 (range, 0-5) with 59 (61%) patients only receiving one line of therapy. After HT, patients had a median follow-up of 1.6 years (range, 0-15.1). Two-year overall survival (OS) after HT diagnosis was 72% (95%CI 62-83%). The patients who received standard ABVD-based therapy had a median OS of 13.2 years. Although limited by small sample size, the patients who underwent HCT for HT in CR1 had a similar 2-year OS (n=7; 67%) compared to patients who did not undergo HCT for HT in CR1 (n=87; 72%; p=0.46). In this multi-center study, HT patients treated with ABVD-based regimens had prolonged survival supporting the use of these regimens as standard of care for these patients.
Assuntos
Doença de Hodgkin , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Bleomicina/uso terapêutico , Dacarbazina/uso terapêutico , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Doxorrubicina/uso terapêutico , Doença de Hodgkin/diagnóstico , Doença de Hodgkin/epidemiologia , Doença de Hodgkin/terapia , Humanos , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/diagnóstico , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/epidemiologia , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/terapia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Vimblastina/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs) and follicular lymphoma (FL) are the most common subtypes of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas in adults. Histologic transformation of FL to DLBCL (TFL) occurs in approximately 15% of patients and is generally associated with a poor clinical outcome. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors have shown promising results in the treatment of relapsed/refractory FL. CAR T-cell therapy (axicabtagene ciloleucel and tisagenlecleucel) has emerged as a novel treatment option for relapsed/refractory DLBCL and TFL. These NCCN Guidelines Insights highlight important updates to the NCCN Guidelines for B-Cell Lymphomas regarding the treatment of TFL and relapsed/refractory FL and DLBCL.
Assuntos
Linfoma Folicular/terapia , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/terapia , Oncologia/normas , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/terapia , Adulto , Assistência ao Convalescente/normas , Antineoplásicos Imunológicos/normas , Antineoplásicos Imunológicos/uso terapêutico , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos , Humanos , Imunoterapia Adotiva/métodos , Imunoterapia Adotiva/normas , Linfoma Folicular/imunologia , Linfoma Folicular/mortalidade , Linfoma Folicular/patologia , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/imunologia , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/mortalidade , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/patologia , Oncologia/métodos , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/imunologia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/mortalidade , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/patologia , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Inibidores de Fosfoinositídeo-3 Quinase/normas , Inibidores de Fosfoinositídeo-3 Quinase/uso terapêutico , Receptores de Antígenos Quiméricos/imunologia , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Transdução de Sinais/imunologia , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Abnormal serum immunoglobulin (Ig) free light chains (FLC) are established biomarkers of early disease in multiple B-cell lymphoid malignancies, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Heavy chains have also been shown to be biomarkers in plasma cell disorders. An unanswered question is whether these Ig biomarkers are heritable, i.e., influenced by germline factors. CLL is heritable but highly heterogeneous. Heritable biomarkers could elucidate steps of disease pathogenesis that are affected by germline factors, and may help partition heterogeneity and identify genetic pleiotropies across malignancies. Relatives in CLL pedigrees present an opportunity to identify heritable biomarkers. We compared FLCs and heavy chains between relatives in 23 high-risk CLL pedigrees and population controls. Elevated IgM (eIgM) and abnormal FLC (aFLC) ratio was significantly increased in relatives, suggesting that these Ig biomarkers are heritable and could offer risk stratification in pedigree relatives. Within high-risk CLL pedigrees, B-cell lymphoid malignancies were five times more prevalent in close relatives of individuals with eIgM, prostate cancer was three times more prevalent in relatives of individuals with aFLC, and monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis increased surrounding individuals with normal Ig levels. These different clustering patterns suggest Ig biomarkers have the potential to partition genetic heterogeneity in CLL and provide insight into distinct heritable pleiotropies associated with CLL.
Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais , Cadeias Leves de Imunoglobulina/sangue , Imunoglobulina M/sangue , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/sangue , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/diagnóstico , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Linfócitos B/patologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Detecção Precoce de Câncer , Feminino , Humanos , Imunoglobulina A/sangue , Imunoglobulina G/sangue , Contagem de Linfócitos , Linfocitose , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Linhagem , Fenótipo , PrognósticoRESUMO
Drug-free macromolecular therapeutics (DFMT) is a new paradigm for the treatment of B cell malignancies. Apoptosis is initiated by the biorecognition of complementary oligonucleotide motifs at the cell surface resulting in crosslinking of CD20 receptors. DMFT is composed from two nanoconjugates: 1) bispecific engager, Fab'-MORF1 (anti-CD20 Fab' fragment conjugated with morpholino oligonucleotide), and 2) a crosslinking (effector) component P-(MORF2)X (N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymer grafted with multiple copies of complementary morpholino oligonucleotide). We evaluated this concept in 44 samples isolated from patients diagnosed with various subtypes of B cell malignancies. Apoptosis was observed in 65.9% of the samples tested. Pretreatment of cells with gemcitabine (GEM) or polymer-gemcitabine conjugate (2P-GEM) enhanced CD20 expression levels thus increasing apoptosis induced by DFMT. These positive results demonstrated that DFMT has remarkable therapeutic potential in various subtypes of B cell malignancies.
Assuntos
Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Desoxicitidina/análogos & derivados , Linfoma de Células B/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Antígenos CD20 , Ciclo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Desoxicitidina/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Potencial da Membrana Mitocondrial/efeitos dos fármacos , Microscopia Confocal , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Nanomedicina/métodos , Adulto Jovem , GencitabinaRESUMO
We evaluated outcome of 235 primary treatment failure (PTF) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients based on salvage chemotherapy regimen and putative cell-of-origin (COO). Patients were divided into two groups; group A (n = 38) received high-dose cytarabine containing regimen, either DHAP or ESHAP. Patients in group B (n = 197) received ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide (ICE) +/- rituximab. No difference in overall response rates (CR + PR) was observed based on salvage chemotherapy regimen and COO. After adjustment for the presence of ultra high-risk features, overall survival of germinal center B-cell like (GCB) DLBCL patients in group A was not significantly different from survival in group B (HR 0.86, 95% CI 0.46-1.60, p = .64). Similarly, within non-GCB DLBCL cohort, survival in group A was comparable to group B (HR 0.53, 95% CI 0.20-1.44, p = .21). We did not find an outcome difference between two commonly used salvage chemotherapy regimens in patients with PTF DLBCL based on COO.
Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/tratamento farmacológico , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efeitos adversos , Terapia Combinada , Feminino , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas , Humanos , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/diagnóstico , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/etiologia , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/mortalidade , Masculino , Terapia de Salvação , Falha de Tratamento , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Relapses in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) are a result of quiescent leukemic stem cells (LSCs) in marrow stromal niches, where they resist chemotherapy. LSCs employ CXCL12/CXCR4 to home toward protective marrow niches. Heparin disrupts CXCL12-mediated sequestration of cells in the marrow. CX-01 is a low-anticoagulant heparin derivative. In this pilot study, we combined CX-01 with chemotherapy for the treatment of AML. Induction consisted of cytarabine and idarubicin (7 + 3) with CX-01. Twelve patients were enrolled (median age, 56 years; 3 women). Three, 5, and 4 patients had good-, intermediate-, and poor-risk disease, respectively. Day 14 bone marrows were available on 11 patients and were aplastic in all without detectable leukemia. Eleven patients (92%) had morphologic complete remission after 1 induction (CR1). Eight patients were alive at a median follow-up of 24 months (4 patients in CR1). Three patients received an allogeneic stem cell transplant in CR1. Median disease-free survival was 14.8 months. Median overall survival was not attained at the maximum follow-up time of 29.4 months. No CX-01-associated serious adverse events occurred. Median day to an untransfused platelet count of at least 20 × 109/L was 21. CX-01 is well tolerated when combined with intensive therapy for AML and appears associated with enhanced count recovery and treatment efficacy.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Quimioterapia Combinada/métodos , Heparina/uso terapêutico , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Idoso , Anticoagulantes/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Humanos , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/mortalidade , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Projetos Piloto , Análise de Sobrevida , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) are different manifestations of the same disease and managed in much the same way. The advent of novel CD20 monoclonal antibodies led to the development of effective chemoimmunotherapy regimens. More recently, small molecule inhibitors targeting kinases involved in a number of critical signaling pathways and a small molecule inhibitor of the BCL-2 family of proteins have demonstrated activity for the treatment of patients with CLL/SLL. These NCCN Guidelines Insights highlight important updates to the NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) for CLL/SLL for the treatment of patients with newly diagnosed or relapsed/refractory CLL/SLL.
Assuntos
Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/diagnóstico , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/terapia , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efeitos adversos , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Comorbidade , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos , Humanos , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/etiologia , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/mortalidade , Terapia de Alvo Molecular , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Recidiva , Retratamento , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
B lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) in adults has a higher risk of relapse and lower long-term survival than pediatric B-ALL, but data regarding genetic prognostic biomarkers are much more limited for adult patients. We identified 70 adult B-ALL patients from three institutions and performed genome-wide analysis via single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays on DNA isolated from their initial diagnostic sample and, when available, relapse bone marrow specimens to identify recurring copy number alterations (CNA). As B-cell developmental genes play a crucial role in this leukemia, we assessed such for recurrent deletions in diagnostic and relapse samples. We confirmed previous findings that the most prevalent deletions of these genes occur in CDKN2A, IKZF1, and PAX5, with several others at lower frequencies. Of the 16 samples having paired diagnostic and relapse samples, 5 showed new deletions in these recurrent B-cell related genes and 8 showed abolishment. Deletion of EBF1 heralded a significant negative prognostic impact on relapse free survival in univariate and multivariate analyses. The combination of both a CDKN2A/B deletion and an IKZF1 alteration (26% of cases) also showed a trend toward predicting worse overall survival compared to having only one or neither of these deletions. These findings add to the understanding of genomic influences on this comparably understudied disease cohort that upon further validation may help identify patients who would benefit from upfront treatment intensification.
Assuntos
Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras B/genética , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras B/mortalidade , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Variações do Número de Cópias de DNA , Feminino , Marcadores Genéticos/genética , Genômica/métodos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Prognóstico , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The outcomes of patients with DLBCL and primary treatment failure (PTF) in the rituximab era are unclear. We analyzed 331 patients with PTF, defined as primary progression while on upfront chemoimmunotherapy (PP), residual disease at the end of upfront therapy (RD) or relapse < 6 months from end of therapy (early relapse; ER). Median age was 58 years and response to salvage was 41.7%. Two-year OS was 18.5% in PP, 30.6% in RD and 45.5% in ER. The presence of PP, intermediate-high/high NCCN-IPI at time of PTF or MYC translocation predicted 2-year OS of 13.6% constituting ultra-high risk (UHR) features. Among the 132 patients who underwent autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation, 2-year OS was 74.3%, 59.6% and 10.7% for patients with 0,1 and 2-3 UHR features respectively. Patients with PTF and UHR features should be prioritized for clinical trials with newer agents and innovative cellular therapy.
Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Progressão da Doença , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/mortalidade , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/mortalidade , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/terapia , Terapia de Salvação/mortalidade , Idoso , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/administração & dosagem , Benchmarking , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/métodos , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Neoplasia Residual , Recidiva , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Terapia de Salvação/métodos , Terapia de Salvação/estatística & dados numéricos , Transplante Autólogo , Falha de TratamentoRESUMO
Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) represent a relatively uncommon heterogeneous group of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) with an aggressive clinical course and poor prognosis. Anthracycline-based multiagent chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy followed by first-line consolidation with high-dose therapy followed by autologous stem cell rescue (HDT/ASCR) is the standard approach to most of the patients with newly diagnosed PTCL. Relapsed or refractory disease is managed with second-line systemic therapy followed by HDT/ASCR or allogeneic stem cell transplant, based on the patient's eligibility for transplant. In recent years, several newer agents have shown significant activity in patients with relapsed or refractory disease across all 4 subtypes of PTCL. These NCCN Guideline Insights highlight the important updates to the NCCN Guidelines for NHL, specific to the management of patients with relapsed or refractory PTCL.
Assuntos
Linfoma de Células T Periférico/terapia , Humanos , Linfoma de Células T Periférico/patologia , Guias de Prática Clínica como Assunto , Taxa de SobrevidaRESUMO
Diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) are now considered a heterogeneous group of distinct molecular subtypes (germinal center B-cell DLBCL, activated B-cell DLBCL, and primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMBL) with varied natural history and response to therapy. In addition, a subset of patients with DLBCL have concurrent MYC and/or BCL2 gene rearrangements (double-hit lymphomas; DHL) and others have a dual expression of both MYC and BCL2 proteins (double-expressing DLBCL; DEL). The standard of care for the treatment of patients with PMBL, DHL, or DEL has not been established. Adequate immunophenotyping and molecular testing (in selected circumstances) are necessary for the accurate diagnosis of different subtypes of DLBCL. The NCCN Guidelines included in this issue, part of the NCCN Guidelines for non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, address the diagnosis and management of DLBCL and its subtypes.
Assuntos
Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/tratamento farmacológico , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/genética , Rearranjo Gênico/genética , Humanos , Imunofenotipagem/métodos , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-bcl-2/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-myc/genéticaRESUMO
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) are different manifestations of the same disease, which are managed in the same way. The advent of novel monoclonal antibodies (ofatumumab and obinutuzumab) led to the development of effective chemoimmunotherapy regimens. The recently approved small molecule kinase inhibitors (ibrutinib and idelalisib) are effective treatment options for CLL in elderly patients with decreased tolerance for aggressive regimens and in patients with poor prognostic features who do not benefit from conventional chemoimmunotherapy regimens. This portion of the NCCN Guidelines for Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas describes the recent specific to the incorporation of recently approved targeted therapies for the management of patients with newly diagnosed and relapsed or refractory CLL/SLL.
Assuntos
Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/diagnóstico , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/terapia , Algoritmos , Comorbidade , Gerenciamento Clínico , Humanos , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/epidemiologia , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/etiologia , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , PrognósticoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Based on previous molecular studies, a small fraction of primary mediastinal (thymic) large B-cell lymphoma (PMBL) demonstrates MYC alterations. However, no studies have evaluated MYC protein expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) with follow-up fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis. We aim to evaluate the clinicopathologic importance of MYC IHC expression in PMBL. METHODS: Three pathologists independently evaluated MYC IHC expression in 32 cases of PMBL for percent tumor positivity and nuclear intensity. FISH analysis for MYC rearrangement was performed on cases with high MYC IHC expression. Clinical data including treatment, follow-up, and outcome were also reviewed in a subset of cases. RESULTS: Variable MYC protein expression by IHC was detected in 30 (94%) of 32 cases of PMBL. One-third of the positive cases (10/30) showed high MYC IHC expression of at least 30% nuclear positivity. FISH analyses for MYC rearrangement on these 10 cases were negative. Review of clinical data on a subset of cases with high and low MYC IHC expression showed no differences in clinical outcome. CONCLUSIONS: MYC protein expression by IHC is present in most PMBLs. Increased MYC protein expression can be seen in one-third of the cases; however, it does not correlate with genetic abnormalities by FISH. There is also no significant impact of MYC protein expression on clinical outcomes.
Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais/metabolismo , Linfoma de Células B/metabolismo , Neoplasias do Mediastino/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-myc/metabolismo , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Hibridização in Situ Fluorescente , Linfoma de Células B/patologia , Masculino , Neoplasias do Mediastino/patologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) are a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative disorders originating in B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, or natural killer cells. Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) accounts for approximately 6% of all newly diagnosed NHL cases. Radiation therapy with or without systemic therapy is a reasonable approach for the few patients who present with early-stage disease. Rituximab-based chemoimmunotherapy followed by high-dose therapy and autologous stem cell rescue (HDT/ASCR) is recommended for patients presenting with advanced-stage disease. Induction therapy followed by rituximab maintenance may provide extended disease control for those who are not candidates for HDT/ASCR. Ibrutinib, a Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor, was recently approved for the treatment of relapsed or refractory disease. This manuscript discusses the recommendations outlined in the NCCN Guidelines for NHL regarding the diagnosis and management of patients with MCL.
Assuntos
Linfoma não Hodgkin/diagnóstico , Linfoma não Hodgkin/terapia , Humanos , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , RecidivaRESUMO
Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) are a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative disorders originating in B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, or natural killer cells. Follicular lymphoma (FL) is the most common subtype of indolent NHL, accounting for approximately 22% of all newly diagnosed cases of NHL. The incorporation of rituximab to chemotherapy regimens has become a widely accepted standard of care for first-line therapy for patients with FL. Maintenance and consolidation therapy with rituximab and radioimmunotherapy have also been associated with improved progression-free survival in patients experiencing response to first-line therapy. Despite therapeutic advances that have improved outcomes, FL is generally considered a chronic disease characterized by multiple recurrences with current therapies. This manuscript discusses the recommendations outlined in the NCCN Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of patients with FL.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Monoclonais Murinos/administração & dosagem , Linfoma Folicular/tratamento farmacológico , Linfoma não Hodgkin/tratamento farmacológico , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/tratamento farmacológico , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/administração & dosagem , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Humanos , Linfoma Folicular/diagnóstico , Linfoma Folicular/patologia , Linfoma não Hodgkin/diagnóstico , Linfoma não Hodgkin/patologia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/diagnóstico , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/patologia , Radioimunoterapia , RituximabRESUMO
These NCCN Guidelines Insights summarize several key updates to the NCCN Guidelines for Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas (NHL) and provide a discussion of the clinical evidence that support the updates. The updates discussed in this article feature recommendations for additional treatment options in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and guidance surrounding the management of hepatitis virus reactivation/infections in high-risk patients with NHL undergoing antitumor therapy.