Cleidocranial Dysplasia Presenting With Mixed Dentition in a 28-Year-Old Male: A Case Report.

Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) is an inherited development anomaly of the skeletal system that is also classified as an autosomal dominant genetic disorder. This is due to a gene mutation on chromosome 6p21 that encodes core binding factor activity a-1 (CBFA1), a member of runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) found on the short arm of chromosome 6. CCD is a scarce condition and its occurrence is about one per million births. It primarily affects bones that are derived from both endochondral and intramembranous ossification. It is identified by certain clinical and radiological features including open cranial sutures and open anterior fontanelle, aplastic or hypoplastic clavicles, wormian bones, short stature, deformities of the pelvic bones, and various skeletal changes. Patients usually show class III malocclusion because of mandibular hyperplasia and mid-face hypoplasia. Vertical facial growth is reduced due to hypoplasia of the alveolar bone, and permanent teeth eruptions are failed. We reported a case of CCD in a 28-year-old who was referred to OPD for poor esthetics.

Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis: A Case Report.

Compared to other conditions found in the necrotizing periodontal diseases group, acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG) is a definite and specific disease. This illness has a long history that originates from the time of Hippocrates and is also referred to by several synonyms. ANUG occurs less commonly than other oral disorders, even though it is typically not rare. It starts suddenly, advances quickly, and finally results in significant loss of alveolar bone and soft tissue. Viral microorganisms and weakened host defenses have been linked to the etiology and pathophysiology of ANUG. In situations where there is psychological and physiological stress, the incidence of ANUG rises. In developed nations, the incidence of ANUG has declined and, in some cases, gone extinct due to the development of antibiotics and improved nutritional status. However, due to the persistently low nutritional status, the illness continues to be a frequently diagnosed clinical lesion in developing nations. This case report presents the case of a 24-year-old ANUG patient and the sequential treatment of this patient.

Injectable Platelet-Rich Fibrin - A Revolution in Periodontal Regeneration.

As of a few years ago, platelet concentrates have been applied in a variety of medical and dental procedures. A notable aspect is that platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is the most commonly utilized platelet concentrate in the field of dentistry. The most significant modification that was used over the years but had the biggest impact was injectable platelet-rich fibrin (I-PRF), which has more special properties. Additionally, the results of this I-PRF have been useful. The solid platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), which is a noticeable feature and has a low speed and duration in centrifugation, is the main advantage of I-PRF. I-PRF is primarily found in liquid form as PRF. It facilitates the quickening of increased vascularization and aids in accelerating the healing of wounds. An autologous blood concentration known as I-PRF has been known for many years. The advantage of I-PRF is that it exhibits constant release of growth factors and promotes cell migration by announcing the expression of type I collagen and transforming growth factor mRNA. The majority of the time, plastic and orthopedic operations use injectable platelet aggregates. It also reduces adverse reactions to transplanted material as compared to other grafting techniques. Additionally, it makes numerous other operations, like regenerative ones, much better options. In circumstances where it has been noticed, I-PRF is helpful and crucial in periodontics for bone regeneration and wound healing. It is therefore not difficult to predict that this fully autologous blood concentrate, which is now being utilized in numerous applications and requires little invasiveness, will become even more frequently used in the future. This review paper contains the differences between platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and PRF, the development of diverse platelets, and the use of I-PRF in periodontal therapy.