Anterior cable reconstruction using subpectoral biceps tenodesis with biceps transfer in rotator cuff tears: a surgical technique.

Massive rotator cuff tears constitute approximately 20% of all rotator cuff tears. Poor tissue quality or significant retraction can lead to failure of the repair. The anterior rotator cuff cable is essential in transmitting force to the proximal humerus and serves as the main load-bearing structure within the supraspinatus. Utilizing the long head of the biceps tendon (LHBT) for anterior cable reconstruction in the setting of rotator cuff tears, known as biceps augmentation, has the potential for improved biomechanical and healing properties. Importantly, the proximal LHBT remains attached to the superior glenoid labrum, serving as a viable collagen scaffold, a structural scaffold for the cable, and potentially as a conduit for living tenocytes to migrate into the hypovascular region of the rotator cuff, promoting repair healing. Similar methods utilize the transfer of the intact LHBT into the rotator cuff without a biceps tenodesis. While this accomplishes the aforementioned goals, it may create a source of biceps pain in these patients, and it changes the length-tension relationship of the LHBT distal to the transfer site. In this technical note, we detail an anterior cable reconstruction employing an autologous LHBT to reinforce a repaired massive rotator cuff tear with concurrent subpectoral tenodesis of the LHBT to achieve goals of 1) rotator cuff augmentation and grafting and, importantly and 2) securing the LHBT in a subpectoral position to mitigate pain and maintain supination strength while maintaining the anatomic length-tension relationship of the biceps. We feel this approach is superior in ensuring sufficient tendon is retained for an effective transfer and allows for a subpectoral tenodesis to prevent biceps symptoms.

Nonoperative Management of Trapeziometacarpal Joint Arthritis: A Systematic Review of the Clinical Trials.

This systematic review evaluates nonoperative treatments for trapeziometacarpal joint osteoarthritis (TMJO), a common degenerative condition in postmenopausal females causing pain, reduced mobility, and diminished grip strength. Following PRISMA guidelines, a search was conducted across PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and MEDLINE for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing pain outcomes with nonoperative interventions over at least a six-month follow-up, using the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain measurement. Eleven RCTs yielded moderate-quality evidence for the following: (1) corticosteroid (CSI) and hyaluronic acid (HA) injections exhibit comparable mean delta pain scores after six months, with CSI offering early relief at two to three weeks. After 12 months, CSI led to a continued decrease in pain, with a mean delta pain score of 1.0 (p<0.05), contrasting with hyaluronic acid (HA) injections, which presented a modest though nonsignificant improvement, demonstrating a mean delta pain score of 0.5 (p=0.16). (2) Relatively novel therapies for TMJO, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and dextrose, appear to surpass CSI in long-term effectiveness, with dextrose showing a mean delta pain score of 3.8 (p<0.001) at six months and PRP achieving a mean delta pain score of 5.5 (p=0.005) at 12 months. (3) Various hand therapies, notably standard hand exercises and extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT), demonstrated significant pain reduction, with the former achieving a mean delta pain score of 1.5 (p=0.019) and the latter a score of 4.2 (p<0.001). (4) The use of orthoses substantially decreases pain levels, demonstrating a mean delta pain score reduction of 2.6 at a 180-day follow-up (p=0.023) and 2.2 at a 12-month follow-up (p=0.002). In conclusion, nonoperative treatments for TMJO, including intra-articular injections, hand therapy, and orthoses, provide significant pain relief at a minimum of six months follow-up. The synergistic effect of combined nonoperative management, as well as the effect size of each, is unknown.

Thumb-Sparing Surgery for Digital Papillary Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report.

Digital papillary adenocarcinoma (DPA) is a rare eccrine sweat gland tumor that often appears as a solitary, non-painful, gradually enlarging mass. Clinically, DPA presents considerable challenges due to its high likelihood of recurrence and its tendency to spread to the lymph nodes and lungs. This case report focuses on the surgical treatment of a unique case of DPA located on the dorsal thumb in a 46-year-old male. The patient initially underwent wide local excision with temporary wound coverage, and once final histopathological findings confirmed negative margins, a second procedure consisting of thumb interphalangeal joint fusion and first dorsal metacarpal artery flap coverage was performed. Eighteen months later, the patient continued to work in landscaping, performing the physically demanding tasks required by the job. This case demonstrates the feasibility of thumb preservation in the setting of soft tissue malignancy once negative margins are obtained.

Effectiveness of Arthroscopic Debridement, Trapeziectomy, and Joint Replacement for Trapeziometacarpal Joint Osteoarthritis: A Meta-Analysis of Pre and Postoperative Pain Scores.

Trapeziometacarpal joint osteoarthritis (TMJO) affects up to 33% of postmenopausal women, leading to pain, reduced mobility, and grip strength, with initial treatments focusing on non-surgical options like injections, orthoses, and exercises before considering surgery. A major challenge in managing TMJO involves selecting the optimal surgical strategy that is customized to individual clinical conditions. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of three common surgical interventions for TMJO in relieving pain, including arthroscopic debridement (AD), trapeziectomy (TRAP), and joint replacement (JR). PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and MEDLINE databases were queried according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for studies that presented pain outcomes following intervention for TMJO. Pain scores were reported preoperatively and postoperatively using the visual analog scale (VAS). Inclusion criteria included studies published in Q1 and Q2 journals and those with a follow-up of > six months. The final selection comprised 18 studies with 763 patients treated with AD (n = 102, 13%), TRAP (n = 428, 56%), and JR (n = 233, 31%) between 2010 and 2023, with a mean follow-up period of 38 ± 28 months. The studies included a total of 24 groups, five of which received AD, 13 of which received TRAP, and six of which received JR. The mean preoperative VAS was 6.7 ± 1.7, and the mean postoperative VAS was 1.7 ± 1.3 for all groups (P < 0.001). The meta-analysis demonstrated a mean preoperative pain score of 5.8 (95% CI, 4.1-7.5) for AD, 6.6 (95% CI, 5.7-7.5) for TRAP, and 7.8 (95% CI, 7.0-8.7) for JR. Postoperatively, there was a mean pain score of 2.2 (95% CI, 0.1-4.2) for AD, 1.4 (95% CI, 1.1-1.7) for TRAP, and 0.9 (95% CI, 0.6-1.2) for JR. This study showed that, if appropriately indicated, joint preservation with AD may be as effective as TRAP and JR for reducing pain associated with TMJO in the short term. However, the rate of conversion or revision should be assessed in future studies.