[Infectious diarrhea study in Castellón, Spain (EDICS): population incidence of sporadic cases in 2004 and comparison with the year 2000]. / Estudio de la diarrea infecciosa en Castellón (EDICS): incidencia poblacional de casos esporádicos en 2004 y comparación con el año 2000.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Infectious intestinal diseases are highly prevalent, and among them sporadic cases are the most common processes. The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of sporadic cases diagnosed in a healthcare district of Castellón (Spain) in the year 2004, and to compare them with those of the year 2000. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Based on routine coprocultures and individual demographic data of each patient, we calculated the population rates by age for the more frequent microorganisms, especially detailed for children up to 5 years of age. We report the results of the year 2004, and compare these with the previous study of the year 2000. RESULTS: Campylobacter showed the highest rate (1.01 x 103), followed by Salmonella (0.75), each without significant differences regarding the year 2000. The rate of rotavirus cases (0.65) was smaller than in 2000; and for adenovirus 2004 was an atypical seasonal year. In children younger than 3 years, rates were 26.54; 10.23 and 11.75. As in the previous study, the age-distribution in children < 5 years was very particular. An U inverted shape was seen for Campylobacer, and the rates for rotavirus decreased after the peak observed in the youngest group (< 6 months). Among hospitalized patients rotavirus was the most common and Campylobacter the less common. CONCLUSIONS: The epidemiological traits of the rates by age until the age of five are characteristic for each microorganism, as are the proportions of hospitalization. Rates of Campylobacter and Salmonella in the year 2004 were similar to the year 2000, but a decrease in the rotavirus rates was observed.

[Incidence of sporadic cases of the most frequent intestinal infections in Castellon]. / Incidencia de casos esporádicos de las infecciones intestinales más frecuentes en Castellón.

BACKGROUND: Intestinal infections are highly frequent processes of which solely a part are identified by the epidemiological monitoring systems. This study is aimed at estimating the incidence on the population, by age groups, of the sporadic intestinal infections diagnosed in one healthcare district in Castellón in the year 2000. METHODS: Based on the routine coprocultures, the basic demographic data for each patient was gathered for calculating the diagnosis and hospitalization rates. For children up to five years of age, the per annum rates were calculation for each microorganism. RESULTS: Campylobacter showed the highest rates (114.5 x 10(5)), followed by rotavirus (94.7) and Salmonella (83.0). Rotavirus is predominant among children under one year of age (3,194 x 10(5)), Campylobacter among those 1-4 year-olds, with a maximum of 3,850 x 10(5) among one-year olds, while Salmonella was predominant among all ages starting as of 5 years of age. The rates for cases hospitalized showed a different pattern, rotavirus ranking first (34.9 x 10(5)), Salmonella (21.7 x 10(5)) and Campylobacter (9.9 x 10(5)). With the exception of Salmonella, there were no outbreaks during the period under study. The predominance of Campylobacter was observed at the expense of the cases among children within the 1-4 age range who were not hospitalized. CONCLUSIONS: Up to 4 years of age, the distribution of the germs causing these infections differs every year. A knowledge of the descriptive epidemiology of these infections contributes to the study of the social impact thereof and provides support for delving deeper into some questions that are posed with a view to these diseases and the preventive aspects which can be implemented.