Cysticercosis: A case of missed diagnosis.

Human cysticercosis caused by the larval stage of the pork tapeworm-Taenia solium, is a potentially dangerous systemic disease with vague clinical manifestations. Subcutaneous and muscular tissues are most commonly involved followed by, the eye and brain. A variety of clinical presentations, pathology that ranges from simple cysts to calcified lesions, and limited familiarity with the parasitic infection can make it challenging to diagnose. Cysticercosis when present as an isolated lesion. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) can play an important role in the early and rapid detection of this disease, particularly when the lesion is superficial and /or easily sampled. We report a case of cysticercosis diagnosed on FNAC in a 35-year-old female, who presented with an isolated swelling in the neck.

"Uncommon Contents of Inguinal Hernial Sac": A Surgical Dilemma.

Inguinal hernia repair is the most common surgery done by both young and experienced surgeons. The hernia in the inguinal region usually contains the omentum and small intestine but rarely can contain unusual contents like the appendix, ovary with fallopian tubes, urinary bladder, sigmoid colon, and cecum. The aim of this study is to present our experience of uncommon contents in the inguinal hernia sac and their surgical management. A retrospective study of 330 patients who underwent inguinal hernia repair was carried out over a period of 3 years from January 2008 to December 2011. Only five patients presented with unusual contents in the inguinal hernia sac; an incidence of 1.5 %. Two of them had vermiform appendix, with acute appendicitis (Amyand's hernia) noted in one of them. The patient with acute appendicitis underwent appendicectomy with herniorrhaphy, while in the other, hernioplasty with mesh was done as the patient was with normal appendix. In one case, the urinary bladder was the content of the inguinal hernia sac and there were two cases with the ovary and fallopian tubes as its content. In all these cases, contents were replaced back and hernia repair was done. Unusual contents of the hernial sac may create a surgical dilemma (whether to save or sacrifice the organ) during hernia repair even to an experienced surgeon.

Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor with dentigerous cyst: Report of a rare case with review of literature.

Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT) is a benign lesion derived from the complex system of dental lamina or its remnant. It is categorized into three variants (follicular, extrafollicular, and peripheral). We present a rare case of AOT arising from a dentigerous cyst around the unerupted canine in a 28-year-old female. We believe that this case z an odontogenic cyst with neoplastic development, containing both epithelial and mesenchymal components. As more cases accumulate, we will be able to study these rare lesions further whether the AOTs derived from an odontogenic cyst could represent a distinct "hybrid" variant separate to the three variants described thus far.

Pancreatic pseudocyst of gastrohepatic ligament: a case report and review of management.

CONTEXT: Pancreatic pseudocyst of gastrohepatic or hepatoduodenal ligament and of liver is rare entity. Probably, pancreatic pseudocyst ascends via these ligaments to liver due to complex attachment of peritoneum. Very few cases have been reported in literature. CASE REPORT: Hereby, we report a case of pancreatic pseudocyst of hepatoduodenal ligament in patient who presented with pain and lump in epigastric region. CONCLUSION: This is an extrapancreatic extension of pancreatic pseudocyst and a high suspicion of this cyst (gastrohepatic ligament cyst) should be kept in mind as differential diagnosis of epigastric mass.

Spontaneous perforation of acalculous gallblader: a case report.

Main cause of gallbladder perforation is cholecystitis with or without stones. In old age, spontaneous perforation of gallbladder can be due to decreased blood supply which can be as the result of atherosclerosis, focal vasospasm or localized vasculitis. Perforation is associated with high morbidity and mortality if left untreated. Here, we report a rare case of idiopathic and spontaneous perforation of gallbladder in a 77 years old lady.

Gallstone ileus and jejunal perforation along with gangrenous bowel in a young patient: A case report.

CONTEXT: Gallstone ileus is an uncommon condition with potentially serious complications including perforation and gangrene of the small bowel. Its diagnosis is difficult and surgery remains the mainstay of treatment. Here we are reporting the complications of this condition along with brief review of literature. CASE REPORT: We report a case of intestinal obstruction due to gallstone in the small gut which was diagnosed preoperatively on ultrasonography and confirmed on exploratory laparotomy. Postoperative period was uneventful. CONCLUSION: Gallstone ileus is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction and it should be considered in patients who are suffering from gallstone disease and presenting with intestinal obstruction especially when no other obvious cause is seen.

Superior mesenteric artery syndrome: A case report.

CONTEXT: Superior mesenteric artery syndrome is a life- threatening upper gastrointestinal disorder due to compression of duodenum as it poses a difficult diagnostic dilemma. Third part of duodenum is in fixed compartment bounded anteriorly by the root of mesentery and superior mesentery artery and posteriorly by the aorta and lumbar spine. On barium contrast study and abdominal computerized tomography (CT) showed the dilatation of second part of duodenum and compression of the third part of duodenum between aorta and superior mesentery artery. CASE REPORT: A 22 year young asthenic man admitted with the complaint of recurrent abdominal pain, epigastric fullness, and vomiting and weight loss. Abdominal examination revealed epigastric fullness and hyper peristaltic bowel sounds. Upper gastrointestinal barium study showed a dilated stomach with dilated second part of the duodenum and cut off at the third part of duodenum with no intrinsic mucosal abnormalities. There was no relief of obstruction in the left lateral decubitus or prone position. Conservative treatment was tried for one month but failed. Intra-operative findings confirmed the extrinsic obstruction of third part of duodenum with distension of 2(nd) part. A retrocolic duodenojejunostomy, side to side anastomosis done. In post-operative follow up, patient was symptom free. CONCLUSION: Superior mesentery artery syndrome is a life threatening disease. It should be treated as soon as possible. Conservative trial can be given but Surgery is the treatment of the choice.