RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim: To study changes of the expression of synaptophysin (Syn) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in neurons of the sensorimotor cortex (SMC) to reveal after unilateral ligation of the carotid artery, sensitization with brain antigen and their combination. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: Experimental animals - Wistar rats (260-290 g). Experimental models: mobilization of the left common carotid artery, ligation of the indicated artery, sensitization with cerebral antigen, combination of sensitization with cerebral antigen and ligation of the carotid artery. Methods: immunohistochemistry, quantitative densitometric assessment. RESULTS: Results: Dyscirculatory disorders of cerebral blood supply during unilateral mobilization or ligation of the common carotid artery, sensitization with cerebral antigen lead in rats to a transient decrease in synaptophysin expression and phase changes in VEGF expression in the SMC from the lesion side. These changes occur in the absence of morphological changes in the cerebral cortex. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The absence of morphological changes in the SMC in the short term (10-30 days) after minor trauma to the common carotid artery (separation from the bed and n.vagus) or its ligation is accompanied by a transient decrease in Syn expression and some increase in VEGF, which may reflect a violation of synaptic function and the general metabolic activity of neurons. Sensitization with a brain antigen, leading to an increase in the level of anti-brain antibodies and immune complexes in the blood of rats, can act as an independent damaging factor for the brain, and also potentiates and prolongs changes caused by impaired blood circulation.