RESUMO
Subvalvular left ventricular aneurysm is a rare disease of obscure origin suggesting unique causes such as congenital, traumatic, and inflammatory or infectious diseases. Its mortality is closely related to heart failure, mitral insufficiency, thromboembolic phenomena, and cardiac arrhythmias. Although association with coronary artery disease is not described, the compression of epicardial vessels by the aneurysm may lead to ischemic manifestations. We report here a case of mitral subvalvular left ventricular aneurysm of probable chagasic origin, in a patient with normal left ventricular function evolving with repeated episodes of monomorphic ventricular tachycardia, despite noninducible electrophysiological testing and the use of optimal medical treatment, including amiodarone. The indication for implantable cardioverter-defibrillator in patients with Chagas cardiomyopathy and segmental wall motion abnormalities but without global systolic dysfunction remains unclear in literature, even in the presence of complex ventricular arrhythmias. A brief review of the literature on morphological features, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment will be also discussed.
RESUMO
Na tradição mitológica grega, Cila e Caribdis eram dois monstros marinhos que moravam nos lados opostos do estreito de Messina, entre a Calábria e a Sicília na Itália. Navegar nesse mar tornava-se extremamente difícil, desde que esses monstros estavam muito próximos, e tentar se afastar de Cila implicava passar muito próximo de Caribdis, e vice-versa. Esse cenário imaginário bem retrata a dificuldade que se encontra na prática clínica quando, no complexo cenário do mundo real, pesando entre o benefícioe o risco, deve-se indicar a anticoagulação aos pacientes. Os antagonistas da vitamina K foram a única classe de anticoagulantes orais disponíveis para os médicos por décadas. No entanto, com a recente entrada no mercado nacional de novos anticoagulantes orais, como dabigatran, rivaroxaban e apixaban, os clínicos têm agora uma escolha mais ampla. Este artigo busca fornecer uma revisão concisa desses novos medicamentos e uma abordagem prática para o seu uso clínico.
In the tradition Greek mythological, Scylla and Charybdis were two sea monsters placed on opposite sides of the strait of Messina, between Calabria and Sicily in Italy. To navigate at this sea was extremely difficult since these monsters were very close to each other and attempts to avoid Scylla implied passing very closed to Charybdis and vice versa. This imaginary scenario well depicts the difficulties that a practicing physician may encounter when, in the complex setting of "real-world" assessing between benefits and risks, should recommend the anticoagulation for ours patients. Vitamin K antagonists were the only class of oral anticoagulants available to clinicians for decades. However, given the recent approval and availability of new oral anticoagulants, such as dabigatran, rivaroxaban and apixaban, clinicians now have a broader choice. This article provides a concise review of these medications and a practical approach to their clinical use.
RESUMO
Woman, 46 years-old with incessant supraventricular tachycardia and tachycardiomyopathy. The diagnosis of a concealed retrograde long conduction time accessory pathway was obtained with the delay of the next atrial activation by delivering a ventricular premature beat during His bundle refratoriness. During electrophysiologic investigation the earliest atrial activation was found to be within the coronary sinus ostium. Two 25 watts applications of radiofrequency were followed by the interruption of the incessant supraventricular tachycardia. The patient has remained symptom free without recurrence for 60 days. Radiofrequency was effective for the treatment of this tachycardia