[Improvement of acute destructive pancreatitis management]. / Stentirovanie glavnogo pankreaticheskogo protoka v kompleksnom lechenii patsientov s ostrym destruktivnym pankreatitom.

OBJECTIVE: To reduce the incidence of complications in acute destructive pancreatitis via stenting of the main pancreatic duct in complex treatment of these patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: There were 182 patients aged 31-76 (mean 42.8±11) years with acute destructive pancreatitis. All patients admitted to the 1st and the 2nd surgical departments of the Kazan City Hospital No. 7 for the period from 2017 to 2019. There were 78 (43%) men and 104 (57%) women. Two groups of patients were distinguished in order to compare the effectiveness of stenting of the main pancreatic duct in acute pancreatitis: main group (34 patients including 14 men and 20 women) - stenting of the main pancreatic duct, control group (50 patients including 20 men and 30 women) without stenting. RESULTS: Complex diagnosis and treatment of acute pancreatitis in intensive care unit with percutaneous drainage of fluid accumulations under ultrasound control and stenting of the main pancreatic duct reduce postoperative mortality from 16% in the control group (n=50) to 9.2% in the main group (n=34). Moreover, this approach is valuable to localize the foci of pancreatic necrosis in 79% of cases. the An efficiency of endoscopic decompression of the main pancreatic duct was 42% in patients with alcoholic pancreatitis. CONCLUSION: Endoscopic stenting of the main pancreatic duct is effective for pathogenetic treatment of patients with biliary pancreatitis, aimed at reducing intraductal hypertension in the early stages of disease.

[Algorithm for Physiological Interpretation of Transcriptome Profiling Data for Non-Model Organisms].

Modern techniques of next-generation sequencing (NGS) allow obtaining expression profile of all genes and provide an essential basis for characterizing metabolism in the organism of interest on a broad scale. An important condition for obtaining a demonstrative physiological picture using high throughput sequencing data is the availability of the genome sequence and its sufficient annotation for the target organism. However, a list of species with properly annotated genomes is limited. Transcriptome profiling is often performed in the so-called non-model organisms, which are those with unknown or poorly assembled and/or annotated genome sequences. The transcriptomes of non-model organisms are possible to investigate using algorithms of de novo assembly of the transcripts from sequences obtained as the result of RNA sequencing. A physiological interpretation of the data is difficult in this case because of the absence of annotation of the assembled transcripts and their classification by metabolic pathway and functional category. An algorithm for transcriptome profiling in non-model organisms was developed, and a transcriptome analysis was performed for the basidiomycete Lentinus edodes. The algorithm includes open access software and custom scripts and encompasses a complete analysis pipeline from the selection of cDNA reads to the functional classification of differentially expressed genes and the visualization of the results. Based on this algorithm, a comparative transcriptome analysis of the nonpigmented mycelium and brown mycelial mat was performed in L. edodes. The comparison revealed physiological differences between the two morphogenetic stages, including an induction of cell wall biogenesis, intercellular communication, ion transport, and melanization in the brown mycelial mat.