Mother-infant bonding: The role of postpartum depression, violence, and bonding established with one's own mother during childhood.

Mother-infant bonding is influenced by several risk and protective factors, and the literature has investigated the relationships between these factors independently. This study aimed to verify the interrelationships of some of these factors and how they influence mother-infant bonding in Brazil. In this study, 361 mothers participated, and the outcome variable of mother-infant bonding was assessed using the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ). Multivariate regression analysis was performed using a hierarchical model with three blocks structured according to the influence exerted on mother-infant bonding. The PBQ's factor scores were estimated and used in the subsequent analyses to decrease measurement error. The variable "violence experienced by mothers" was statistically significant for explaining the second block model but not significant for the third block. Network analysis was performed after multiple regression, showing that the violence experienced by mothers does not directly influence mother-infant bonding but rather is mediated by postpartum depression. This explains why violence is not significant in the hierarchical multiple regression when maternal depression is added to the model. This study's strengths lie in its utilization of PBQ factor scores and network analysis, enabling the estimation of conditional relationships among variables. This approach provides deeper insights into factors affecting mother-infant bonding.

Varios factores de riesgo y de protección ejercen influencia sobre la unión afectiva madre­infante; la literatura disponible ha investigado las relaciones entre estos factores de una manera independiente. Este estudio se propuso verificar las interrelaciones de algunos de estos factores y cómo ellos influyen en la unión afectiva madre­infante. Se consultó un total de 361 madres y el variable resultado de afectividad madre­infante se evaluó por medio del Cuestionario de Afectividad de Postparto (PBQ). Se llevaron a cabo análisis de regresión multivariados usando un modelo jerárquico con tres estructuras de bloques de acuerdo con la influencia ejercida sobre la unión afectiva madre­infante. Se estimaron y usaron los puntajes de factores del PBQ en los análisis subsecuentes para disminuir el error en la medida. La variable "violencia experimentada por las madres" fue estadísticamente significativa para explicar el segundo modelo de bloque, pero no significativa para el tercer bloque. Se llevó a cabo un análisis de interrelaciones después de la regresión múltiple, demostrando que la violencia experimentada por las madres no influye directamente la afectividad madre­infante, sino que la misma es mediada por la depresión posterior al parto. Esto explica por qué la violencia no es significativa en la jerárquica regresión múltiple cuando la depresión materna se le agrega al modelo. Entre los puntos fuertes de este estudio se incluye el uso de los puntajes de factores del PBQ y el análisis de interrelaciones, lo cual permitió que se estimaran las relaciones condicionales existente dentro del grupo de variables, aportando una mayor comprensión de algunos factores que interfieren en la unión afectiva madre­infante.

Evidências de validade da escala PSOSH: estigmatização e procura de ajuda psicológica / Evidences of validity for PSOSH scale: stigmatization and seeking psychological help

O estigma é uma variável de importante relevância em saúde mental, o que torna sua mensuração indispensável à prática profissional. Este estudo objetivou buscar evidências de validade com base na estrutura interna para a escala PSOSH. Participaram da pesquisa 275 estudantes universitários da área de Psicologia, dos quais 82,4% eram do sexo feminino e a idade variou de 18 a 54 anos. Verificou-se que a PSOSH apresentou ótimo valor para alfa de Cronbach. Os itens tiveram cargas fatoriais superiores a 0,5 e variância explicada de 62,9% para um fator. Índices Infit, Outfit e da CCI adequados. Estes resultados ratificam as qualidades psicométricas adequadas para utilização da escala na prática profissional e recomendam-se pesquisas com grupos de distintas condições clínicas.

Stigma is a relevant variable in mental health care and for professional practice. This study aimed to find evidences of validity based on internal structure to scale PSOSH. Participated of that study 275 college students, which 82.4% female, aged 18-54 years and various levels of academic degree in Psychology. We used exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to analyze the factor structure. The results for PSOSH show great value for alpha consistency, the items had factor loadings greater than 0.5 and 62.9% of variance explained by one factor (EFA) and those show suitable indices for Infit, Outfit and CCI. These results confirm those appropriate psychometric properties for use in professional practice and it suggests further researches with clinical groups.