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1.
Fish Shellfish Immunol ; 154: 109895, 2024 Sep 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39265963

RESUMO

The teleost kidneys are anatomically divided into head kidney and trunk kidney, each performing distinct physiological functions. Although previous research has elucidated the role of the head kidney in immune responses, there is a paucity of literature on the comparative studies of the head and trunk kidney response to bacterial infection. Therefore, an Edwardsiella ictaluri infection model of yellow catfish was constructed to investigate and compare the immune responses between the two kidney types. The findings indicated that E. ictaluri infection induced significant pathological changes in both the head and trunk kidney. Despite variances in structure, both the head and trunk kidney of yellow catfish exhibit robust immune responses following E. ictaluri infection. Unexpectedly, the up-regulation level of IgM was found to be higher in the trunk kidney compared to the head kidney. Additionally, both the IgM+ and IgD+ B cells were increased after bacterial infection. This research elucidates the parallels and distinctions in immune functions between both the head and trunk kidney in fish, enriching the immune theory of the fish kidney, and also providing a theoretical basis for the immune response of teleost kidney against bacterial infections.

2.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ; 121(35): e2401861121, 2024 Aug 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39167603

RESUMO

Insect developmental transitions are precisely coordinated by ecdysone and juvenile hormone (JH). We previously revealed that accumulated H3K27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) at the locus encoding JH signal transducer Hairy is involved in the larval-pupal transition in insects, but the underlying mechanism remains to be fully defined. Here, we show in Drosophila and Bombyx that Rpd3-mediated H3K27 deacetylation in the prothoracic gland during the last larval instar promotes ecdysone biosynthesis and the larval-pupal transition by enabling H3K27me3 accumulation at the Hairy locus to induce its transcriptional repression. Importantly, we find that the homeodomain transcription factor Schlank acts to switch active H3K27 acetylation (H3K27ac) to repressive H3K27me3 at the Hairy locus by directly binding to the Hairy promoter and then recruiting the histone deacetylase Rpd3 and the histone methyltransferase PRC2 component Su(z)12 through physical interactions. Moreover, Schlank inhibits Hairy transcription to facilitate the larval-pupal transition, and the Schlank signaling cascade is suppressed by JH but regulated in a positive feedback manner by ecdysone. Together, our data uncover that Schlank mediates epigenetic reprogramming of H3K27 modifications in hormone actions during insect developmental transition.


Assuntos
Proteínas de Drosophila , Ecdisona , Regulação da Expressão Gênica no Desenvolvimento , Histonas , Larva , Animais , Histonas/metabolismo , Acetilação , Proteínas de Drosophila/metabolismo , Proteínas de Drosophila/genética , Ecdisona/metabolismo , Larva/metabolismo , Larva/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Larva/genética , Bombyx/metabolismo , Bombyx/genética , Bombyx/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Hormônios Juvenis/metabolismo , Metilação , Drosophila melanogaster/metabolismo , Drosophila melanogaster/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Drosophila melanogaster/genética , Transdução de Sinais , Pupa/metabolismo , Pupa/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Pupa/genética , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição/genética , Histona Desacetilases/metabolismo , Histona Desacetilases/genética , Proteínas de Insetos/metabolismo , Proteínas de Insetos/genética , Proteínas Repressoras , Fatores de Transcrição Hélice-Alça-Hélice Básicos
3.
Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao ; 40(1): 239-251, 2024 Jan 25.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38258644

RESUMO

'Zhizhang Guhong Chongcui' is a new cultivar of Prunus mume with cross-cultivar group characteristics. It has typical characteristics of cinnabar purple cultivar group and green calyx cultivar group. It has green calyx, white flower, and light purple xylem, but the mechanism remains unclear. In order to clarify the causes of its cross-cultivar group traits, the color phenotype, anthocyanin content and the expression levels of genes related to anthocyanin synthesis pathway of 'Zhizhang Guhong Chongcui', 'Yuxi Zhusha' and 'Yuxi Bian Lü'e' were determined. It was found that the red degree of petals, sepals and fresh xylem in branches was positively correlated with the total anthocyanin content. MYBɑ1, MYB1, and bHLH3 were the key transcription factor genes that affected the redness of the three cultivars of flowers and xylem. The transcription factors further promoted the high expression of structural genes F3'H, DFR, ANS and UFGT, thereby promoting the production of red traits. Combined with phenotype, anthocyanin content and qRT-PCR results, it was speculated that the white color of petals of 'Zhizhang Guhong Chongcui' were derived from the high expression of FLS, F3'5'H, LAR and ANR genes in other branches of cyanidin synthesis pathway, and the low expression of GST gene. The green color of sepals might be originated from the relatively low expression of F3'H, DFR and ANS genes. The red color of xylem might be derived from the high expression of ANS and UFGT genes. This study made a preliminary explanation for the characteristics of the cross-cultivar group of 'Zhizhang Guhong Chongcui', and provided a reference for molecular breeding of flower color and xylem color of Prunus mume.


Assuntos
Glutamina/análogos & derivados , Extratos Vegetais , Poríferos , Prunus , Animais , Antocianinas , Embaralhamento de DNA , Flores/genética , Prunus/genética
4.
Gene ; 872: 147450, 2023 Jul 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37120121

RESUMO

TLR3 and TRIF (adaptor protein for TLR3) are vital to the MyD88-independent pathway mediated by Toll-like receptors (TLRs). In order to identify the role of TLR3 and TRIF in Micropterus salmoides, the Ms_TLR3 and Ms_TRIF (Ms: abbreviation for M. salmoides) were cloned and characterized in this study. The open reading frames (ORFs) of Ms_TLR3 and Ms_TRIF genes were 2736 bp and 1791 bp in length, encoding 911 and 596 amino acids, respectively. The protein structure of Ms_TLR3 includes a signal peptide, 18 LRR-related domains, a low complexity region, a transmembrane region, and a TIR domain. However, only a TIR domain and a coiled coil domain were found in Ms_TRIF. Both Ms_TLR3 and Ms_TRIF showed the highest homology to that of M. dolomieu. Ms_TLR3 and Ms_TRIF showed similar expression patterns in various tissues, with the highest expression level in the head kidney. After stimulation of Flavobacterium columnare, the mRNA expressions of Ms_TLR3 and Ms_TRIF were significantly up-regulated at 1 dpi in the gill, spleen and head kidney, and at 6 hpi in the trunk kidney. Furthermore, morphological changes in the gills of largemouth bass challenged with F. columnare suggested that F. columnare infection can destroy the gill filament. Taken together, Ms_TLR3 and Ms_TRIF are indeed involved in F. columnare infection and the subsequent immune response in largemouth bass. Moreover, Ms_TLR3 and Ms_TRIF might respectively play their potential roles in mucosal (mainly in the gill) and systemic (mainly in the head kidney) immune response to bacterial infection.


Assuntos
Bass , Animais , Bass/genética , Bass/metabolismo , Receptor 3 Toll-Like/genética , Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transdução de Sinal/metabolismo , Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transporte Vesicular/genética , Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transporte Vesicular/metabolismo
5.
Int J Mol Sci ; 24(7)2023 Mar 24.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37047100

RESUMO

Lipid homeostasis is essential for insect growth and development. The complex of proteins associated with Set 1 (COMPASS)-catalyzed Histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) epigenetically activates gene transcription and is involved in various biological processes, but the role and molecular mechanism of H3K4me3 modification in lipid homeostasis remains largely unknown. In the present study, we showed in Drosophila that fat body-specific knockdown of will die slowly (Wds) as one of the COMPASS complex components caused a decrease in lipid droplet (LD) size and triglyceride (TG) levels. Mechanistically, Wds-mediated H3K4me3 modification in the fat body targeted several lipogenic genes involved in lipid synthesis and the Lpp gene associated with lipid transport to promote their expressions; the transcription factor heat shock factor (Hsf) could interact with Wds to modulate H3K4me3 modification within the promoters of these targets; and fat body-specific knockdown of Hsf phenocopied the effects of Wds knockdown on lipid homeostasis in the fat body. Moreover, fat body-specific knockdown of Wds or Hsf reduced high-fat diet (HFD)-induced oversized LDs and high TG levels. Altogether, our study reveals that Wds-mediated H3K4me3 modification is required for lipid homeostasis during Drosophila development and provides novel insights into the epigenetic regulation of insect lipid metabolism.


Assuntos
Proteínas de Drosophila , Histonas , Animais , Histonas/metabolismo , Drosophila/genética , Drosophila/metabolismo , Epigênese Genética , Proteínas de Drosophila/genética , Proteínas de Drosophila/metabolismo , Lipídeos
6.
Fish Shellfish Immunol ; 137: 108712, 2023 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37030559

RESUMO

MyD88-dependent pathway mediated by Toll-like receptor is one of the vital ways activating immune responses. In order to identify the role of MyD88-dependent signaling pathway in yellow catfish, the Pf_MyD88, Pf_IRAK4, Pf_IRAK1, Pf_TRAF6 and Pf_NFκB1 (p105) (Pf: abbreviation of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) were cloned and characterized respectively. The Pf_MyD88, Pf_IRAK4, Pf_IRAK1 and Pf_TRAF6 were all highly conserved among species and showed the highest homology to that of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. Pf_NFκB1 showed the highest homology to that of Ictalurus punetaus. All of the five genes showed similar expression patterns in various tissues, with the highest expression level in the liver. These genes also showed similar expression levels in different embryonic development stages, except Pf_IRAK4. The higher expression level was detected from fertilized eggs to 1 day post hatching (dph), lower expression from 3 dph to 30 dph. After stimulation of inactivated Aeromonas hydrophila, the mRNA expressions of Pf_MyD88, Pf_IRAK4, Pf_IRAK1, Pf_TRAF6 and Pf_NFκB1 were significantly increased at 24 h in the liver, spleen, head kidney and trunk kidney, suggesting that all the five genes were involved in the innate immune response of yellow catfish. These results showed that MyD88-dependent signaling pathway plays important roles for disease defensing in the innate immune response. Meanwhile, inactivated A. hydrophila can cause strong innate immune response, which provides theoretical bases for the application of inactivated vaccines in defense against bacterial diseases of teleost.


Assuntos
Peixes-Gato , Doenças dos Peixes , Animais , Quinases Associadas a Receptores de Interleucina-1/metabolismo , Aeromonas hydrophila/fisiologia , Fator 88 de Diferenciação Mieloide/genética , Fator 88 de Diferenciação Mieloide/metabolismo , Fator 6 Associado a Receptor de TNF/genética , Fator 6 Associado a Receptor de TNF/metabolismo , Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transdução de Sinal/metabolismo , Proteínas de Peixes/química
7.
Insect Biochem Mol Biol ; 155: 103928, 2023 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36870515

RESUMO

Insect morphogen decapentaplegic (Dpp) functions as one of the key extracellular ligands of the Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) signaling pathway. Previous studies in insects mainly focused on the roles of Dpp during embryonic development and the formation of adult wings. In this study, we demonstrate a new role for Dpp in retarding lipolysis during metamorphosis in both Bombyx mori and Drosophila melanogaster. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutation of Bombyx dpp causes pupal lethality, induces an excessive and premature breakdown of lipids in the fat body, and upregulates the expressions of several lipolytic enzyme genes, including brummer (bmm), lipase 3 (lip3), and hormone-sensitive lipase (hsl), and lipid storage droplet 1 (lsd1), a lipid droplets (LD)-associated protein gene. Further investigation in Drosophila reveals that salivary gland-specific knockdown of the dpp gene and fat body-specific knockdown of Mad involved in Dpp signaling phenocopy the effects of Bombyx dpp mutation on pupal development and lipolysis. Taken together, our data indicate that the Dpp-mediated BMP signaling in the fat body maintains lipid homeostasis by retarding lipolysis, which is necessary for pupa-adult transition during insect metamorphosis.


Assuntos
Bombyx , Proteínas de Drosophila , Animais , Lipólise , Drosophila melanogaster/genética , Drosophila melanogaster/metabolismo , Bombyx/metabolismo , Drosophila/metabolismo , Proteínas de Drosophila/metabolismo , Metamorfose Biológica/genética , Insetos/metabolismo , Lipídeos , Regulação da Expressão Gênica no Desenvolvimento
8.
Viruses ; 14(12)2022 11 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36560667

RESUMO

A teleost's kidney was divided into head kidney and trunk kidney. The head kidney is an important lymphatic organ, while the trunk kidney mainly performs osmotic pressure regulation and excretion functions. Previous studies have shown that the teleost's head kidney exerts a strong immune response against pathogen invasion, while the mechanism of immune response in the trunk kidney is still rarely reported. Therefore, in this study, we established an Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) immersion infection model to compare the similarities and differences of immune response mechanisms between the head kidney and trunk kidney against viral infection. The results showed that IHNV infection causes severe tissue damage and inflammatory reaction in the head and trunk kidney, triggers a series of interferon cascade reactions, and produces strong immune response. In addition, the transcriptome data showed that the head kidney and trunk kidney had similar immune response mechanisms, which showed that the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway and Toll-like receptor signaling pathway were activated. In conclusion, despite functional differentiation, the teleost's trunk kidney still has a strong immune response, especially the interferon-stimulated genes, which have stronger immune response in the trunk kidney than in the head kidney when responding to IHNV infection. This study contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the teleost immune system and enriches the theory of kidney immunity in teleosts.


Assuntos
Doenças dos Peixes , Vírus da Necrose Hematopoética Infecciosa , Oncorhynchus mykiss , Infecções por Rhabdoviridae , Animais , Vírus da Necrose Hematopoética Infecciosa/genética , Interferons , Rim , Imunidade
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