Decoding Gastric Cancer: Machine Learning Insights Into the Significance of COMMDs Family in Immunotherapy and Diagnosis.

Copper, an indispensable trace element for the human body, serves not only as a crucial auxiliary factor in redox reactions within the organism but also as a significant constituent of numerous key metabolic enzymes. The COMMD family plays a vital role in regulating copper at both the cellular and systemic levels, particularly in the realm of tumor research, an area notably deficient in gastric cancer investigations. With the advancement of precision medical techniques, individualized and precise screening and treatment have become paramount considerations in the contemporary medical landscape for gastric cancer therapy. In light of this, we meticulously scrutinized existing transcriptomic datasets for gastric cancer, validating the expression levels and prognostic value of COMMD family genes. Simultaneously, employing the ssGSEA algorithm, we devised the COMMDs score. Enrichment analysis, gene mutations, and clinical features were incorporated into the assessment of this score. Furthermore, we contextualized the COMMDs score within the framework of the immune microenvironment, evaluating the relationship between the COMMDs family and immune factors as well as immune cells. The results suggest a correlation between the COMMDs score and various immune-related features. Based on this foundation, multiple machine learning approaches indicated Logistic Regression, with a remarkable ROC of 0.972, as the optimal diagnostic model. To accentuate the translational medical value of the COMMDs family, we selected COMMD10 as a differential gene in gastric cancer for further validation. Functional experiments revealed a decline in the proliferative and migratory capabilities of gastric cancer cells upon silencing COMMD10. Additionally, through pathway intervention, we unveiled the PI3K-AKT pathway as a potential mechanism through which COMMD10 influences gastric cancer activity. In summary, our study affirms the prospective role of the COMMDs family as potential markers for the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer in the future.

Enhancement of yellow pigments production via high CaCl2 stress fermentation of Monascus purpureus.

Monascus pigments (MPs) are a kind of natural ingredient fermented by Monascus spp., which contains three types of pigments: red, orange, and yellow ones. Monascus yellow pigments have a restricted yield and cannot meet industrial application. The method and mechanism of CaCl2 improving yellow pigments production by liquid fermentation of Monascus purpureus M8 were studied in order to overcome the low yield of yellow pigments produced by liquid fermentation. Changes in physiological and biochemical indicators explained the effects of CaCl2 on the production of Monascus yellow pigments from solid fermentation. The intracellular yellow pigments, orange pigments, and red pigments increased by 156.08%, 43.76%, and 42.73%, respectively, with 60 g/l CaCl2 addition to culture medium. The amount of red and orange pigments reduced, while the proportion of yellow pigments increased and the relative peak area of intracellular yellow pigments accounted for a dominant 98.2%, according to thin layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography analyses. Furthermore, the influence of CaCl2 extended to the modulation of pigments synthesis-related gene expression in M8 strain. This modulation led to a pronounced upregulation in the expression of the yellow pigments synthesis-related gene, mppE, signifying a pivotal role played by CaCl2 in orchestrating the intricate machinery behind yellow pigments biosynthesis.

Insights into a new alternative method with graphene oxide/polyacrylamide/Fe3O4 nanocomposite for the extraction of six odor-active esters from Strong-aroma types of Baijiu.

Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) is the most commonly utilized technique for the extraction of odor-active esters (OAEs) in strong-aroma types of Baijiu (SAB). However, since the contents of different OAEs in SAB vary widely, it is still a puzzle to ensure that all OAEs to be thoroughly extracted by LLE without the problem of saturated adsorption. Herein, a novel approach of magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE), based on the magnetic graphene oxide nanocomposite modified with polyacrylamide (GO/PAM/Fe3O4), was employed for the efficient extraction of six OAEs from SAB. Compared with LLE, GO/PAM/Fe3O4 exhibited highly selective recognition properties and larger adsorption capacities for OAEs (ranging from 13.68 to 39.06 mg/g), resulting in better extraction performances for OAEs. Coupled with GC-MS, six OAEs in real SAB were successfully determined, with recoveries ranged from 70.1 âˆ¼ 90.0% and LODs at 0.08 âˆ¼ 1.35 µg/L. Overall, the MSPE-GC/MS is a promising alternative for accurate determination of OAEs in SAB.

Integrated proteome and acetylome analyses unveil protein features of gestational diabetes mellitus and preeclampsia.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and preeclampsia (PE) are associated with maternal and infant health. Although the pathogenesis of PE and GDM remains controversial, oxidative stress is involved in the underlying pathology of GDM and PE. Protein lysine acetylation (Kac) plays an important regulatory role in biological processes. There is little data regarding the association of the maternal acetylome with GDM and PE. This study aimed to assess the potential value of the proteome and acetylome for GDM and PE. In our study, we included placental tissues from healthy individuals (n = 6), GDM patients (n = 6), and PE patients (n = 6) to perform 4D-label free quantification proteomics analysis and PRM analysis. We identified 22 significantly regulated proteins and 192 significantly regulated acetylated proteins between the GDM and PE groups. Furthermore, 192 significantly regulated acetylated proteins were mainly enriched in endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and ferroptosis pathways. Seventeen acetylated sites in these two pathways were verified by PRM analysis. Our comprehensive analysis revealed key features of GDM/PE-significantly regulated acetylated proteins in the placentas from GDM and PE. The results of signaling pathway analysis focused on ERS and ferroptosis. These findings may help explore the underlying pathology, new biomarkers, and therapeutic targets of GDM and PE.

Engineering ultrathin PdAu nanoring via a facile process for electrocatalytic ethanol oxidation.

Ultrathin nanoframes with more available electrocatalytic active sites on both internal and external surfaces have attracted great attention especially in the field of electrocatalysis. Herein, we report a facile process to prepare PdAu nanorings (NRs) in aqueous solution without adding any organic ligands. The growth mechanism of PdAu NRs was explored in detail. The Au precursors were reduced into Au clusters around the edges of Pd nanosheets (NSs) via galvanic replacement, then the center of Pd NSs was oxidatively etched by Cl-/O2, and finally the Pd and Au atoms on the edge sites were rearranged to form uniform PdAu alloy. PdAu NRs with different ratios and ternary PdAuPt NRs could be easily prepared using this strategy. Owing to the synergistically structural and compositional advantages, Pd79Au21 NRs exhibited higher electrocatalytic activity and stability, as well as low activation energy (Ea) for the ethanol electrooxidation reaction.

An industrial demonstration study on CO2 mineralization curing for concrete.

A 10,000 ton-CO2/y mineralization curing (CMC) process was demonstrated in Jiaozuo city, China by retrofitting a traditional autoclaved curing plant. An industrial concrete formula with synergistic effects of aggregate gradation, early hydration, and alkali excitation was developed using local solid wastes resources. Approximately 90% of the raw materials, including fly ash, furnace blaster slag, steel slag, and carbide slag, came from coal-based industries. An extraordinary phenomenon of high-temperature accumulation from room temperature to 140°C was first observed in an industrial scale because of the rapid and strong exothermic carbonation reaction. A step pressure-equalizing procedure was developed to achieve a rapid carbonation rate, a high CO2 conversion ratio of >98%, and efficient carbonation exotherm recycling. The global warming potential life cycle analysis revealed that compared with autoclaved curing, CMC showed significantly decreased the emission of 182 kg CO2-Eq/m3-product, with direct CO2 sequestration accounting for ∼65% of the reduction.

Systematic proteomics analysis of lysine acetylation reveals critical features of placental proteins in pregnant women with preeclampsia.

Preeclampsia (PE) is a dangerous hypertensive disorder that occurs during pregnancy. The specific aetiology and pathogenesis of PE have yet to be clarified. To better reveal the specific pathogenesis of PE, we characterized the proteome and acetyl proteome (acetylome) profile of placental tissue from PE and normal-term pregnancy by label-free quantification proteomics technology and PRM analysis. In this research, 373 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified by proteome analysis. Functional enrichment analysis revealed significant enrichment of DEPs related to angiogenesis and the immune system. COL12A1, C4BPA and F13A1 may be potential biomarkers for PE diagnosis and new therapeutic targets. Additionally, 700 Kac sites were identified on 585 differentially acetylated proteins (DAPs) by acetylome analyses. These DAPs may participate in the occurrence and development of PE by affecting the complement and coagulation cascades pathway, which may have important implications for better understand the pathogenesis of PE. In conclusion, this study systematically analysed the reveals critical features of placental proteins in pregnant women with PE, providing a resource for exploring the contribution of lysine acetylation modification to PE.

Perdisulfate-assisted advanced oxidation of 2,4-dichlorophenol by bio-inspired iron encapsulated biochar catalyst.

To improve advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), bio-inspired iron-encapsulated biochar (bio-inspired Fe⨀BC) catalysts with superior performance were prepared from iron-rich biomass of Iris sibirica L. using a pyrolysis method under anaerobic condition. The obtained compounds were used as catalysts to activate perdisulfate (PDS) and then degradate 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), and synthetic iron-laden biochar (synthetic Fe-BC) was used for comparison. The highest removal rate of 2,4-DCP was 98.35%, with 37.03% of this being distinguished as the contribution of micro-electrolysis, greater than the contribution of adsorption (32.81%) or advanced oxidation (28.51%). The high performance of micro-electrolysis could be attributable to the formation of Fe (Iron, syn) and austenite (CFe15.1) with strong electron carrier at 700 °C. During micro-electrolysis, Fe2+ and electrons were gradually released and then used as essential active components to enhance the AOPs. The slow-releasing Fe2+ (K = 0.0048) also inhibited the overconsumption of PDS (K = -0.00056). Furthermore, the electrons donated from Fe⨀BC-4 were able to activate PDS directly. The electrons were enriched by the porous structure of Fe⨀BC-4, and the formation of the COFe bond in the π-electron system could also accelerate the electron transfer to activate PDS. Similar reactive oxygen species (ROS) were identified during the micro-electrolysis and AOPs, leading to similar degradation pathways. The higher does concentration of O2- generated during micro-electrolysis than during the AOPs also led to a greater dechlorination effect.

Efficient degradation of lomefloxacin by Co-Cu-LDH activating peroxymonosulfate process: Optimization, dynamics, degradation pathway and mechanism.

In this study, bimetal layered double hydroxides (CoxCuy-LDHs) containing a carbonate interlayer were synthesized using coprecipitation with a variety of Co/Cu mole ratios. Meanwhile, the corresponding layered double oxides (CoxCuy-LDOs) were prepared as controls. In this study, Electrical energy per order was performed to evaluate economic analysis. Correspondingly, we found that CoxCuy-LDHs possessed a significantly better PMS activation capability than the corresponding metal oxide composite (Co3O4/CuO). Compared with other CoxCuy-LDHs, Co2Cu1 LDH possessed the best PMS activation capability for LOM degradation and the lowest electrical energy per order (EE/O) value during the reaction. Additionally, Co2Cu1 LDH presented an excellent stability and worked over a wide pH range. The hydroxide states of Co(III), Co(II), Cu(I) and Cu(II) were all able to activate PMS, indicating that there were many active sites on the surface of Co2Cu1 LDH. The involvement of radicals in this reaction system was determined via scavenger experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). Meanwhile, it's worth noting that a mathematical model was developed to quantify the involvement of SO4- and OH. Subsequently, we determined PMS activation mechanism and LOM decomposition pathway for the PMS/Co2Cu1 LDH system.

Polyamine-Modified Magnetic Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites and HPLC-MS/MS Allow the Determination of Two Indolic Derivatives in Strong-Aroma Types of Base Baijiu.

Simultaneous detection of 3-indoleacetic acid (IAA) and 3-indolepropionic acid (IPA) in strong-aroma types of base Baijiu (base SAB) is crucial for elucidating the metabolic pathway of 3-methylindole during the base SAB brewing. Herein, a novel magnetic poly(allylamine)-modified graphene oxide (GO@PAA@Fe3O4) was synthesized as extraction sorbent, followed by high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry HPLC-MS/MS. As a surface modifier of GO, the introduction of PAA and Fe3O4 provided more adsorption sites for IAA and IPA, mainly through the generation of H-bonding sites. Moreover, modified by an activation step, the capacity of the activated GO@PAA@Fe3O4 for the adsorption of IAA and IPA was 2.1-3.4 times higher than that of unactivated material. The adsorptions of IAA and IPA on GO@PAA@Fe3O4 were fitted to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm, respectively. Under the optimal conditions, IAA and IPA were determined in 16-base SAB for the first time, and their concentrations ranged from 0.6 to 11.3 and 0.7 to 18.7 µg/L, respectively.

Characterization of key odorants causing the roasted and mud-like aromas in strong-aroma types of base Baijiu.

The roasted and mud-like aromas in Chinese strong-aroma types of base Baijiu (base SAB) and the interactions among the corresponding key compounds causing these two characteristic aromas were investigated. A total of 68 and 64 odorants were identified in the base and commercial SAB by comparative aroma extract dilution analysis. Furthermore, the complex matrix of Baijiu always pose a long-term challenge for quantitative accuracy and precision of target aroma compounds; thus, the odorants with flavor dilution (FD) ≥ 9 were further quantified by multiple quantitative techniques, including the direct injection combined with gas chromatography-flame ionization detector, the vortex-assisted surfactant-enhanced emulsification liquid-liquid microextraction (VSLLME) combined with GC-MS, and the derivatization method combined with VSLLME-GC-MS, and 37 and 26 odorants were shown to be important odorants as their OAVs ≥1. Among these components, 5 compounds, hexanoic acid, butyric acid, p-cresol, 3-methylindole, and 3-(methylthio)propanal showed higher OAVs in base than in commercial SAB, and based on aroma recombination and omission analysis, they were confirmed to be the key odorants responsible for the mud-like and roasted odors. The evaluation of the aforementioned five key odorants by the "addition" test showed that the roasted and mud-like aromas of base SAB were related, and the odors were mainly attributed to additive or masking effects among the compounds.

A Hybrid Sliding Window Optimizer for Tightly-Coupled Vision-Aided Inertial Navigation System.

The fusion of visual and inertial measurements for motion tracking has become prevalent in the robotic community, due to its complementary sensing characteristics, low cost, and small space requirements. This fusion task is known as the vision-aided inertial navigation system problem. We present a novel hybrid sliding window optimizer to achieve information fusion for a tightly-coupled vision-aided inertial navigation system. It possesses the advantages of both the conditioning-based method and the prior-based method. A novel distributed marginalization method was also designed based on the multi-state constraints method with significant efficiency improvement over the traditional method. The performance of the proposed algorithm was evaluated with the publicly available EuRoC datasets and showed competitive results compared with existing algorithms.

Assessment of phthalate ester residues and distribution patterns in Baijiu raw materials and Baijiu.

Phthalate esters (PAEs) are harmful to human health and have been repeatedly identified in Baijiu samples. In our study, the distribution and degradation characteristics of 14 PAEs in Baijiu raw materials (BRMs) and Baijiu during distillation were detected using QuEChERS or vortex-assisted surfactant-enhanced-emulsification liquid-liquid micro-extraction (VSLLME) methods coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The same five PAEs were detected in all tested samples, values ranged from 0.003 to 0.292 mg/kg; however, higher concentrations existed in BRMs compared to Baijiu samples. Using multivariate statistical analysis, detailed distinctions between different varieties of Baijiu and BRMs and separation-related PAE markers were revealed. PAEs concentration during Baijiu distillation showed a decreasing trend. The highest concentrations detected in distillate heads, were 1.6-, 2.3-, and 8.1-fold higher than those in heart1, heart2, and tail distillates, respectively. These findings revealed that PAEs may migrate from BRMs; moreover, that PAEs content can be regulated by distillation.

A Facile Strategy to Fabricate Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron Decorated Graphene Oxide Composite for Dechloridation of Trichloroacetic Acid in Water.

In this study, nanoscale zero-valent iron decorated graphene oxide (NZVI/GO) composite was fabricated through a reduction process in the presence of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) solution. Subsequently, physicochemical properties of the NZVI/GO composites were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), N2 adsorption/desorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Raman spectra. Results indicated that Fe species existed in the form of Fe0, which uniformly dispersed on the surface of GO. Furthermore, the performance of NZVI/GO was evaluated by the degradation of tichloroacetic acid (TCAA). TCAA can be rapidly degraded by NZVI/GO. This paper provides a promising strategy to synthesize versatile catalyst which would be potentially applied in sewage treatment to degrade chlorinated organic compounds.

Inhibition of MEK/ERK/STAT3 signaling in oleuropein treatment inhibits myocardial ischemia/reperfusion.

Studies have shown that oleuropein has antifungal, anti­inflammatory, antiviral, antioxidant, anticancer and hypoglycemic functions. TTC solution staining was used to measure myocardial infarction size. A commercial kit was used to measure lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatinine kinase­MB (CK­MB), tumor necrosis factor­α (TNF­α), interleukin­1ß (IL­1ß), IL 6, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and catalase levels. Western blot analysis was used to measure p53, p-MEK p-ERK and p­IκBα protein expression. The present study reports that the protective effect of oleuropein also prevents against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (myocardial I/R). The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate this protective effect of oleuropein and the mechanisms by which myocardial I/R is prevented. Oleuropein inhibited myocardial infarction size, CK­MB and LDH serum levels in a myocardial I/R rat model. Moreover, oleuropein also attenuated caspase­3 activity, and p53, phosphorylated (p)­mitogen­activated protein kinase kinase (MEK), p­extracellular signal­regulated protein kinase (ERK) and p­IκBα protein expression. TNF­α, IL­1ß, IL­6 and MDA were decreased; SOD, GSH and catalase levels inhibited TNF­α, IL­1ß, IL-6 and MDA levels, and increased SOD, GSH and catalase levels in myocardial I/R rats treated with oleuropein. Rats orally administered the MEK inhibitor PD0325901, in addition to oleuropein, exhibited inhibited myocardial infarction size, CK­MB and LDH serum levels compared with rats treated with oleuropein only. Rats treated with MEK inhibitor also exhibited suppressed caspase­3 activity, p53, p­MEK p­ERK and p­IκBα protein expression, TNF­α, IL­1ß, IL­6, SOD, GSH, MDA and catalase levels, and induced p­signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) protein expression compared with rats treated with oleuropein only. Taken together, these results suggest that MEK/ERK/STAT3 signaling regulates the inhibition of myocardial I/R in rats treated with oleuropein.

Synthesis of silver phosphate/graphene oxide composite and its enhanced visible light photocatalytic mechanism and degradation pathways of tetrabromobisphenol A.

In the present study, silver phosphate/graphene oxide (Ag3PO4/GO) composite was synthesized by ultrasound-precipitation processes. Afterwards, physicochemical properties of the resulting samples were studied through scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption/desorption, UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, surface photovoltage spectroscopy and photoelectrochemical measurements. Results indicated that spherical Ag3PO4 displayed an average diameter of 150 nm and body-centered cubic crystal phase, which was integrated with GO. In addition, the visible light absorbance, charge separation efficiency and lifetime of Ag3PO4 were significantly improved by integration with GO. In addition, Ag3PO4/GO composite was applied to decompose tetrabromosphenol A (TBBPA) in water body. It was found that TBBPA could be completely decomposed within 60 min illumination. Furthermore, several scavenger experiments were conducted to distinguish the contribution of reactive species to the photoctalytic efficiency. Moreover, the enhanced visible light mechanism of Ag3PO4/GO was proposed and discussed. Eventually, several PC decomposition pathways of TBBPA were identified including directly debromination and oxidation, and subsequently further oxidation and hydroxylation processes.