RESUMO
BACKGROUND: One of the most important sensory disorders that usually occur after viral infections, especially human coronaviruses and rhinoviruses, is anosmia or loss of olfactory sense. The aim of the present study was to investigate olfactory disorders in children with COVID-19 disease admitted to Hazrat Masoumeh Hospital in Qom. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 85 children admitted to Hazrat Masoumeh Hospital in Qom by using a convenience random sampling method. Data were collected using a checklist containing demographic data. The collected data were entered SPSS 18 software and were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics. RESULTS: In the present study, the results showed that the mean age of participants was 6.59 ± 3.27 years and more patients were Iranian (n = 69, 87.3%), had a history of underlying disease (n = 51, 64.6%), had a history of vaccination (n = 78, 98.7%), and did not have contact with a suspected patient (n = 43, 54.4%). Among the signs and symptoms of the disease, only the symptoms of fever (n = 71, 89.9%), weakness and lethargy (n = 44, 55.7%), and anorexia (n = 44, 55.7%) were observed in most patients. Moreover, 87.3% (n = 69) of the patients did not have olfactory. Furthermore, no association was found between age (P = 0.803), length of hospital stay (P = 0.397), white blood cell (P = 0.624), lymph (P = 0.638), Polymorphonuclear (PMN) (P = 0.493), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (P = 0.507), C-reactive protein (P = 0.085), and O2sat (P = 0.205) and olfactory disorders, but a significant relationship was found between patient weight (P = 0.002) and olfactory disorders. CONCLUSION: According to the results of the study, it can be said that in order to increase the strength of the immune system of children, especially overweight children, appropriate and planned action should be taken to prevent problems in these children.
RESUMO
Malignant pleural effusion is a common complication in certain malignancies. Pleurodesis is the best option most of the time. The purpose of this study was to compare the choice of belomycin with povidone-iodine, which is not only determined by the efficacy of the agent but also by its cost, accessibility, safety, ease of administration and the number of administrations to achieve a complete response. We performed a randomized clinical trial on 39 patients presenting with symptomatic malignant pleural effusion. Patients were selected and randomly assigned to undergo chemical pleurodesis with either bleomycin or povidone-iodine. Primary characteristics of patients were assessed and graded before and after treatment concerning pain, dyspnea, and chest radiographs. A complete response was obtained in 79% of belomycin group and 75% of povidone-iodine group which was not statistically significant. Patients on belomycin treatment had a significantly lower score for dyspnea in one month follow up. This was significant after controlling for age, pain score and dyspnea score after drainage, using general linear model. Due to similar effect and significant cost advantage between bleomycin and povidone-iodine, we conclude that povidone- iodine is the agent of choice when utilizing pleurodesis for control of symptomatic malignant pleural effusions.