Lichen planus induced by carbamazepine: a case report.

We report a case of Lichen planus in a female patient who has been treated for epilepsy in the Referral Center for Epilepsy of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Croatia. She was diagnosed with mesio-temporal lobe epilepsy with secondary generalization and had been treated for years with carbamazepine. In Novemeber 2009, erythematous papulosquamous papules were noticed on her trunk and under her breasts which spread to her legs. Dermatohistological testing confirmed the diagnosis of Lichen planus. Replacement of carbamazepine with oxcarbazepine and application of steroid therapy resulted in regression of skin changes.

Comorbidity psychiatric disorders in epilepsy: a review of literature.

While reviewing the available literature, we noticed comorbidity of epilepsy and psychiatric disorders. Psychiatric disorders were observed more frequently in patients with high seizure frequency. There is significant prevalence of epilepsy comorbidity with depression, anxiety disorders, and to a lesser extent with bipolar disorders and other forms of psychosis. Suicidal risk factors, ideation and attempts in these patients as correlates of depression or as psychopathological features were associated to epileptic disease. This is confirmed by additional burden of epilepsy patients with psychic disorders (Ref. 70). Full Text (Free, PDF) www.bmj.sk.

[Disorders of consciousness due to disorders of body fluid composition--case report of a female patient]. / Poremecaj svijesti zbog poremecaja sastava tjelesnih tekucina--prikaz bolesnice.

We report a female patient presenting with sepsis and multi-organ failure following eclampsia and intrauterine childdeath. In the phase of recovery, the patient developed consciousness disorder and coma characterized by fasciculation, generalized myoclonia and respiratory insufficiency. The clinical picture corresponded to that of Lance Adam's syndrome. A quick change in the composition of body fluids in the polyuric phase of renal insufficiency associated with an antidiuretic hormone deficit was a cause of that disorder. Metabolic dysfunction and hyperexcitability of neurons developed as a result. Hyperexcitability of the caudal part of the medulla oblongata was responsible for the development of myoclonia. Following the correction of that disorder, the patient completely improved.

Regional brain perfusion changes in patients with primary generalized epilepsy assessed by Tc99m HM-PAO and SPECT.

Cerebral distribution of Tc99m-hexamethylprolenaminoxim (HMPAO) was investigated using single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) in 34 patients with primary generalized epilepsy (PGE) during the interictal state. These findings were compared with those in a control group of 9 healthy volunteers. In control subjects uniform selective uptake of HMPAO in cortex, basal ganglia and thalamus was found. In 30 patients (88%) decreased regional perfusion was found as follows: in the cortical region in 6 patients (18%), in the region of the basal ganglia or thalamus in 7 (20%), and in both regions in 17 patients (50%). Four patients had normal SPECT findings. The obtained results permit a hypothesis that the PGE should not be strictly differentiated from the focal epilepsy. A possible explanation of the pathophysiology of PGE has also been discussed.