Development of a Large Pneumatocele in a Patient Recovering from COVID-19 Pneumonitis.

A 39-year-old man presented with severe COVID-19 pneumonitis requiring hospital admission. He represented three days following discharge with sudden onset breathlessness and chest pain. Initial imaging suggested the presence of a left pneumothorax. Following further clinical decline a plan was made to insert a CT guided chest drain. However, imaging in the prone position for the procedure unexpectedly revealed a large left lower lobe pneumatocele with only a very small pneumothorax. Events and appearances suggest that this is a rare case of delayed COVID-19 pneumonitis-related pneumatocele formation. We will discuss the clinical significance of this entity. LEARNING POINTS: Pneumatocele formation should be considered in patients presenting with new respiratory symptoms after completing therapy for COVID-19 pneumonitis.Performing CT examinations with patients in different positions may be required to help exclude the possibility of pneumatocele formation when a loculated pneumothorax is suspected on the supine CT images.

Pancreatic transplantation: surgical technique, normal radiological appearances and complications.

Pancreas transplantation is a surgical treatment for diabetes mellitus. More than 23,000 pancreas transplants have now been reported to the International Transplant Registry (IPTR). Early diagnosis and therapy for graft-related complications are essential for graft survival. Radiologists must therefore understand the surgical procedure and the potential complications. During the course of this review, we will illustrate the normal post-operative anatomy and the imaging appearances of common potential complications.

Urinary reflux from ileal neobladder into a non-functioning kidney: detection during diuretic renography.

The importance of monitoring renal function in patients undergoing cystectomy and urinary diversion is well established. Dynamic renography using Tc-99m MAG3 in combination with furosemide challenge has been widely used to determine the differential function of the kidneys, occurrence of reflux as well as the patency of the outflow tract in this context. The authors have described here a patient in whom significant urinary reflux from the neo-bladder into the nonfunctioning kidney was demonstrated during MAG3 diuretic renography.