[Correlations between content of linarin in Chrysanthemum indicum and climatic factors in habitats].

Chrysanthemi Indici Flos(CIF), the capitulum of Chrysanthemum indicum, is widely used in proprietary Chinese medicine and daily chemical products. At present, CIF is mainly produced from wild resources and rarely cultivated. This study aims to reveal the correlations between linarin content in CIF and climatic factors in different habitats, and provide a theoretical basis for suitable zoning and rational production of medicinal materials. The content of linarin in CIF was determined by HPLC. Grey relational analysis and Pearson correlation analysis were carried out for linarin content with climatic factors. The results showed that the content of linarin in CIF was significantly different among different habitats. The grey relational degrees of climatic factors with linarin content was in an order of average annual precipitation>annual average sunshine hours>annual average temperature>longitude>annual frost-free period>latitude>altitude. Longitude, annual average temperature and average annual precipitation had significantly positive correlations with the content of linarin in CIF, whereas latitude and altitude showed negative correlations with it. The annual frost-free period and annual average sunshine hours had no significant correlation with the content of linarin in CIF. The content of linarin in CIF varied significantly in different habitats. High longitude, low latitude, low altitude, high annual average temperature and high annual average precipitation could be used as indicators for the habitats of high-quality Ch. indicum. This study provides a reference for selecting suitable producing areas of Ch. indicum and establishing artificial cultivation system.

[Applicability of Bioavailable Phosphorus in Sediments to Indicating Trophic Levels of Lakes and Reservoirs].

Twelve lakes and reservoirs with different water depths and different water residence times were studied to identify the applicability of bioavailable phosphorus of sediments in indicating trophic levels. Water and sediment samples were collected in these 12 lakes and reservoirs to analyze the relationship of nutrient levels between the sediment and the water column. Sodium hydroxide extracted phosphorus (NaOH-P) determined using the SMT classification method is defined as the bioavailable phosphorus of sediment. The results showed that total phosphorus levels in sediments in different lakes and reservoirs ranged from 225 to 760 mg·kg-1 (mean value 502 mg·kg-1); the NaOH-P levels in sediments ranged from 86 to 584 mg·kg-1 (mean value 263 mg·kg-1); the total phosphorus concentrations in the water was 0.02-0.35 mg·L-1 (mean value 0.11 mg·L-1), and the chlorophyll a concentrations in the water were 3-349 µg·L-1 (mean value 51 µg·L-1). It was found that NaOH-P was more effective than total phosphorus in indicating the trophic status of the lakes and reservoirs. However, the NaOH-P levels were significantly related to the phosphorus concentrations in the water column only in shallow water with a long residence time. It was revealed that water residence time and water depth are two key factors that affect the relationship of the phosphorus content between the sediment and the water column. In deep waters or waters with short residence time, the NaOH-P content in the sediment hardly influenced the phosphorus concentration in the water columns, even at high levels. However, in shallow waters with long residence time, the sediment acted as both sources and sinks and frequently exchanged nutrients with the overlying water, especially during bloom periods in summer. Thus NaOH-P could be a potential risk of eutrophication in such waters.

[Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Rituximab Combined with Fludarabine and Cyclophosphamide for Treatment of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of rituximab combined with fludarabine and cyclophosphamide for the treatment of the chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). METHODS: Forty cases of CLL patients treated in our hospital from March 2010 to March 2014 years were selected and divided into the observation group (20 cases) and control group (20 cases) by random number table method. The patients in control group were treated with CHOP chemotherapy, the patients in observation group were treated with rituximab combined with fludarabine, cyclophosphamide treatment. The therapeutic efficacy of patients in 2 groups was analyzed according to the peripheral hemogram indexes, symptom and sign disappeared time as well as adverse reaction incidence. RESULTS: the remission rate in observation group was 90.00%, which was significantly higher than that in control group (70.00%) (P < 0.05); the peripheral hemogram indexes in 2 groups before treatment showed no significant difference (P > 0.05), and were significantly improved after treatment, but the white blood cell count and lymphocyte absolute number were significantly lower in observation group as compared to the control group (P < 0.05); symptom and sign disappeared time in observation group were significantly shorter as compared with the control group (P < 0.05); adverse reaction incidence in obseovation group was significantly lower as compared with control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: application of rituximab combined with fludarabine and cyclophosphamide in the treatment of CLL shows the higher curative effect, can effectively improve the symptoms and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions. It is worthy to be popularized.