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CsCu2I3 is a popular lead-free metal halide perovskite with good thermal and air stability. To facilitate its applications in optoelectronics, Ag doping and high pressure are employed in this work to improve the optoelectronic properties of CsCu2I3. Using first-principles calculations and experiments, the structural phase change of 10% Ag-doped CsCu2I3 is found to occur at about 4.0 GPa. This reveals the regulation of band structures by hydrostatic pressure. In addition, the high pressure not only increases the emission energy of photoluminescence of 10% Ag-doped CsCu2I3 by more than 0.2 eV, but also increases the emission intensity by multiple times. Finally, the origin of luminescence in 10% Ag-doped CsCu2I3 is attributed to the I vacancies. This work provides insight into the structure and optoelectronic properties of 10% Ag-doped CsCu2I3, and offers significant guidance for the design and manufacturing of future luminescence devices.
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OBJECTIVE: Endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in patients with large infarct volume remains controversial. The aim of this study is to compare clinical outcomes between EVT and medical management in acute large vessel occlusion with infarct volumes larger than 70 mL on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI). METHODS: A prospective observational cohort study was conducted, including patients with anterior cerebral circulation occlusion due to ischemic stroke with infarct volumes larger than 70 mL within 24 h of onset between July 2018 and June 2023. Eligible patients were divided into two groups: the EVT group and the medical management (non-EVT) group. The main outcomes were functional independence and mortality at 90 days. To assess clinical endpoints, we selected variables including age, NIHSS score, infarct volume, and occlusion location for 1:1 propensity score (PS) matching and PS adjustment using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW). RESULTS: Among the 131 identified patients (mean [SD] age, 69.9 [13.7] years; 58 female), the median infarct volume was 123.6 mL. Of these patients, 75 (57.3%) underwent EVT. After PS adjustment, EVT was not associated with functional independence (10.9% vs. 10.9%; p = 1.000) or mortality (43.5% vs. 47.8%; p = 0.675). Additionally, after PS adjustment using IPTW, EVT was also not associated with a functional independence (15.8% vs. 13.7%; p = 0.767) or mortality (46.8% vs. 44.0%; p = 0.762). CONCLUSION: This study provides real-world evidence regarding infarct volumes larger than 70 mL, indicating that EVT does not provide benefits compared to medical management alone when considering age, NIHSS score, infarct volume, and occlusion location.
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Procedimentos Endovasculares , AVC Isquêmico , Trombectomia , Humanos , Feminino , Masculino , Trombectomia/métodos , Idoso , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , AVC Isquêmico/terapia , AVC Isquêmico/diagnóstico por imagem , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos Prospectivos , Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of reuterin, a bioactive isolated from the probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) on periodontal tissue regeneration, and provide a new strategy for periodontitis treatment in the future. BACKGROUND: Data discussing the present state of the field: Probiotics are essential for maintaining oral microecological balance. Our previous study confirmed that probiotic L. reuteri extracts could rescue the function of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and promote soft tissue wound healing by neutralizing inflammatory Porphyromonas gingivalis-LPS. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by bacteria seriously leading to tooth loss. In this study, we isolated and purified reuterin from an extract of L. reuteri to characterize from the extracts of L. reuteri to characterize its role in promoting periodontal tissue regeneration and controlling inflammation in periodontitis. METHODS: Chromatographic analysis was used to isolate and purify reuterin from an extract of L. reuteri, and HNMR was used to characterize its structure. The inflammatory cytokine TNFα was used to simulate the inflammatory environment. Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) were treated with TNFα and reuterin after which their effects were characterized using scratch wound cell migration assays to determine the concentration of reuterin, an experimental periodontitis model in rats was used to investigate the function of reuterin in periodontal regeneration and inflammation control in vivo. Real-time PCR, dye transfer experiments, image analysis, alkaline phosphatase activity, Alizarin red staining, cell proliferation, RNA-sequencing and Western Blot assays were used to detect the function of PDLSCs. RESULTS: In vivo, local injection of reuterin promoted periodontal tissue regeneration of experimental periodontitis in rats and reduced local inflammatory response. Moreover, we found that TNFα stimulation caused endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in PDLSCs, which resulted in decreased osteogenic differentiation. Treatment with reuterin inhibited the ER stress state of PDLSCs caused by the inflammatory environment and restored the osteogenic differentiation and cell proliferation functions of inflammatory PDLSCs. Mechanistically, we found that reuterin restored the functions of inflammatory PDLSCs by inhibiting the intercellular transmission of ER stress mediated by Cx43 in inflammatory PDLSCs and regulated osteogenic differentiation capacity. CONCLUSION: Our findings identified reuterin isolated from extracts of the probiotic L. reuteri, which improves tissue regeneration and controls inflammation, thus providing a new therapeutic method for treating periodontitis.
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Estresse do Retículo Endoplasmático , Gliceraldeído , Limosilactobacillus reuteri , Probióticos , Propano , Regeneração , Animais , Propano/análogos & derivados , Propano/farmacologia , Propano/uso terapêutico , Probióticos/uso terapêutico , Probióticos/farmacologia , Estresse do Retículo Endoplasmático/efeitos dos fármacos , Gliceraldeído/análogos & derivados , Gliceraldeído/farmacologia , Ratos , Regeneração/efeitos dos fármacos , Periodontite/microbiologia , Ligamento Periodontal/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Masculino , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Células-Tronco/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
The photovoltaic (PV) effect in non-centrosymmetric materials consisting of a single component under homogeneous illumination can exceed the fundamental Shockley-Queisser limit compared to the traditional p-n junctions. Two-dimensional (2D) materials with a reduced dimensionality and smaller bandgap were predicated to be better candidates for the PV effect with high efficiency exceeding that of traditional ferroelectric perovskite oxides. Here, we report the giant intrinsic PV effect in atomically thin rhenium disulfide (ReS2) with centrosymmetry breaking. In graphene/ReS2/graphene sandwich structures, significant short-circuit currents (Isc) were observed with illumination over the visible spectral range, presenting the highest responsivity (110 mA W-1) and external quantum efficiency (25.7%) among those reported PV effects in 2D materials. This giant PV effect could be ascribed to the spontaneous-polarization induced depolarization field in even-number-layered ReS2 flakes benefiting from the distorted 1T lattice structure. Our results provide a new potential candidate material for the development of novel high-efficiency, miniaturized and easily integrated photodetectors and solar cells.
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PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between arterial transit artifact (ATA), arterial spin labeling (ASL) perfusion imaging, and the outcome of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to occlusion of large vessels in anterior circulation after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT). METHODS: Patients with anterior circulation occlusion treated with EVT between October 2017 and December 2021 were enrolled in this retrospective study, and ATA was quantified by a 4-point scale. A favorable outcome was defined by modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores of 0-2 at 3 months. To identify independent predictors of favorable outcome, age, sex, risk factors, baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, site of occlusion, cause of stroke, and early reperfusion were evaluated with univariate and multivariate analyses. Predictive accuracy was evaluated by calculating the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) for the model. RESULTS: In this study 187 patients (age, 65.0⯱ 12.5 years; men, 55%) were evaluated. Younger age (odds ratio, OR, 0.95; 95% confidence interval, CI, 0.92-0.98, pâ¯= 0.002), lower baseline NIHSS score (OR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.82-0.94, pâ¯< 0.001), and lower ATA score (OR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.06-1.22, pâ¯< 0.001) were independently associated with favorable outcomes in multivariate analysis. The ATA score has moderate to good accuracy in predicting favorable outcomes (AUC, 0.753). CONCLUSION: A high ATA score as a potential predictor, can help identify patients who may benefit from EVT.
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Isquemia Encefálica , Procedimentos Endovasculares , AVC Isquêmico , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Masculino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , AVC Isquêmico/diagnóstico por imagem , AVC Isquêmico/cirurgia , AVC Isquêmico/etiologia , Resultado do Tratamento , Estudos Retrospectivos , Artefatos , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/cirurgia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/etiologia , Trombectomia/métodos , Procedimentos Endovasculares/métodos , Isquemia Encefálica/etiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: MicroRNA-155 (miR-155) is a multifunctional miRNA whose expression is known to be involved in a range of physiological and pathological processes. Its association with several oral diseases has been established. However, the specific role of miR-155 in orthodontic tooth movement remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the impact of miR-155 on osteoclast differentiation and orthodontic tooth movement models, aiming to explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS: In this experiment, we utilized various agents including miR-155 mimic, miR-155 inhibitor, as well as non-specific sequences (NC mimic & NC inhibitor) to treat murine BMMNCs. Subsequently, osteoclast induction (OC) was carried out to examine the changes in the differentiation ability of monocytes under different conditions. To assess these changes, we employed RT-PCR, Western blotting, and TRAP staining techniques. For the orthodontic tooth movement model in mice, the subjects were divided into two groups: the NaCl group (injected with saline solution) and the miR-155 inhibitor group (injected with AntagomiR-155). We observed the impact of orthodontic tooth movement using stereoscopic microscopy, micro-CT, and HE staining. Furthermore, we performed RT-PCR and Western blotting analyses on the tissues surrounding the moving teeth. Additionally, we employed TargetScan to predict potential target genes of miR-155. RESULTS: During osteoclast induction of BMMNCs, the expression of miR-155 exhibited an inverse correlation with osteoclast-related markers. Overexpression of miR-155 led to a decrease in osteoclast-related indexes, whereas underexpression of miR-155 increased those indexes. In the mouse orthodontic tooth movement model, the rate of tooth movement was enhanced following injection of the miR-155 inhibitor, leading to heightened osteoclast activity. TargetScan analysis identified SOCS1 as a target gene of miR-155. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that miR-155 functions as an inhibitor of osteoclast differentiation, and it appears to regulate osteoclasts during orthodontic tooth movement. The regulatory mechanism of miR-155 in this process involves the targeting of SOCS1.
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MicroRNAs , Dente , Animais , Camundongos , MicroRNAs/genética , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Osteoclastos , Proteína 1 Supressora da Sinalização de Citocina/genética , Proteína 1 Supressora da Sinalização de Citocina/metabolismo , Técnicas de Movimentação DentáriaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: To evaluate the effects of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) on Stage III Grade B periodontitis. METHODS: This trial abided by the principle of consistency test, approved by ethics committee and registered in clinical trials. All qualified 51 patients with Stage III Grade B periodontitis were randomly divided into three groups: SRP group, SRP with minocycline hydrochloride (Mino group) as Control groups, and SRP with AMPs (AMP group) as the Test group. Clinical examinations and subgingival plaques were monitored at baseline and at 7 and 90 days after treatment in the SRP, SRP with AMP and Mino groups. RESULTS: The AMP group (Test group) had a reduced PD (Periodontal probing depth) and an attachment gain significantly higher than SRP and Mino groups (Control groups) at day 90. The abundance of periodontal pathogens was decreased in the AMP group at 7 and 90 days compared with the SRP group and Mino group. Only the AMP group showed an increase the abundance of periodontal probiotics including Capnocytophaga, Gemella, and Lactobacillus at 7 and 90 days. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that AMPs as an adjunct to SRP promote additional clinical and microbiological benefits in the treatment of Stage III Grade B periodontitis.
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Periodontitis, a chronic infectious disease, primarily arises from infections and the invasion of periodontal pathogens. This condition is typified by alveolar bone loss resulting from host immune responses and inflammatory reactions. Periodontal pathogens trigger aberrant inflammatory reactions within periodontal tissues, thereby exacerbating the progression of periodontitis. Simultaneously, these pathogens and metabolites stimulate osteoclast differentiation, which leads to alveolar bone resorption. Moreover, a range of systemic diseases, including diabetes, postmenopausal osteoporosis, obesity and inflammatory bowel disease, can contribute to the development and progression of periodontitis. Many studies have underscored the pivotal role of gut microbiota in bone health through the gut-alveolar bone axis. The circulation may facilitate the transfer of gut pathogens or metabolites to distant alveolar bone, which in turn regulates bone homeostasis. Additionally, gut pathogens can elicit gut immune responses and direct immune cells to remote organs, potentially exacerbating periodontitis. This review summarizes the influence of oral microbiota on the development of periodontitis as well as the association between gut microbiota and periodontitis. By uncovering potential mechanisms of the gut-bone axis, this analysis provides novel insights for the targeted treatment of pathogenic bacteria in periodontitis.
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Perda do Osso Alveolar , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Periodontite , Humanos , Periodontite/patologia , Inflamação , Periodonto/patologiaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Based on real-world case data, this study intends to explore and analyze the impact of rescue conscious sedation (CS) on the clinical outcomes of patients with anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke (AIS) receiving mechanical thrombectomy (MT). METHODS: This retrospective study enrolled patients with anterior circulation AIS who received MT and were treated with either single local anesthesia (LA) or rescue CS during MT between January 2018 and October 2021. We used univariate and multivariate logistic regression methods to compare the impact of LA and CS on the clinical outcomes of patients with AIS who received MT, including the mRS at 90 days, the incidence of poststroke pneumonia (PSP), the incidence of symptomatic intracranial cerebral hemorrhage (sICH), and the mortality rate. RESULTS: We reviewed 314 patient cases with AIS who received MT. Of all patients, 164 met our search criteria. Eighty-nine patients received LA, and 75 patients received rescue CS. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the 90-day good prognosis (45.3% vs. 51.7%, p = 0.418) and mortality (17.3% vs. 22.5%, p = 0.414). Compared with the LA group, the incidence of postoperative pneumonia in the rescue CS group (44% vs. 25.8%, p = 0.015) was more significant. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis revealed that intraoperative remedial CS was independently associated with PSP following MT. In a subgroup analysis, rescue CS was found to significantly increase the incidence of PSP in patients with dysphagia (OR = 7.307, 95% CI 2.144-24.906, p = 0.001). As the severity of the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) increased, intraoperative rescue CS was found to increase the risk of PSP (OR = 1.155, 95% CI 1.034-1.290, p = 0.011) by 5.1% compared to that of LA (OR = 1.104, 95% CI 1.013-1.204, p = 0.024). CONCLUSION: Compared to LA, rescue CS during MT does not significantly improve the 90 days of good prognosis and reduce the incidence of sICH and mortality in patients with anterior circulation AIS. However, it has a significantly increased risk of poststroke pneumonia (PSP), particularly in patients with dysphagia.
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OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of FRCs regulated by cancer cell-derived extracellular vesicles (CEVs) played in pre-metastatic niche (PMN) formation of lymph node (LN). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The FRCs in sixty fresh cervical LNs from 20 patients were evaluated by flow cytometric analysis. Cells in LN with or without metastasis were analyzed by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). CEVs were isolated from the culture supernatant of primarily cultured cancer cells and cocultured with FRCs. Mass Spectrometry was used to identify LN metastasis related protein in CEVs. The activation of IFNGR1/JAK1/STAT1-activated-PD-L1 pathway in FRCs was detected by western blotting. FRCs were co-cultured with CD8+ T lymphocytes to confirm the cytotoxicity assay of FRCs. RESULTS: The proportion of fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) was significantly higher in micro-metastatic LN in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients (HNSCC, p < 0.05) and scRNA-seq analysis further showed a high focus of extracellular vesicles-related pathway on FRCs in LN with metastasis (p < 0.05). Interferon gamma receptor 1 (IFNGR1) in CEVs can be engulfed by FRCs and promote PD-L1 expression on FRCs via JAK1-STAT1 pathway, resulting in an increased CD8+ T cell exhaustion. CONCLUSION: IFNGR1, originated from cancer cell-derived extracellular vesicles, promote PD-L1 expression on FRCs and subsequent CD8+ T cell exhaustion via JAK1-STAT1 activation, which facilitate pre-metastatic niche formation and tumor metastasis in sentinel lymph node in HNSCC.
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Vesículas Extracelulares , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço , Humanos , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeça e Pescoço/patologia , Antígeno B7-H1/metabolismo , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/patologia , Linfonodos/patologia , Vesículas Extracelulares/metabolismo , Fator de Transcrição STAT1/genética , Fator de Transcrição STAT1/metabolismo , Janus Quinase 1/metabolismo , Receptor de Interferon gamaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The prognosis for patients presenting with a large ischemic core (LIC) following endovascular thrombectomy is relatively poor. This study aimed to construct and validate a nomogram for predicting 3-month unfavorable outcome in patients with anterior circulation occlusion-related LIC who underwent endovascular thrombectomy. METHODS: A retrospective training cohort and a prospective validation cohort of patients with a large ischemic core were studied. The diffusion weighted imaging related radiomic features and pre-thrombectomy clinical features were collected. After the selection of relevant features, a nomogram predicting modified Rankin Scale score of 3-6 as an unfavorable outcome was established. The discriminatory value of the nomogram was evaluated with a receiver operating characteristic curve. RESULTS: A total of 140 patients (mean age 66.3 ± 13.4 years, 35% female) were included in this study, consisting of a training cohort (n = 95) and a validation cohort (n = 45). The percentage of patients with an mRS scores of 0-2 was 30%, 0-3 was 40.7%, and 32.9% were dead. Age, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, and two radiomic features, Maximum2DDiameterColumn and Maximum2DDiameterSlice, were identified as factors associated with unfavorable outcome in the nomogram. The nomogram demonstrated an area under the curve of 0.892 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.812-0.947) in the training dataset and 0.872 (95% CI, 0.739-0.953) in the validation dataset. INTERPRETATION: This nomogram, which includes age, NIHSS score, Maximum2DDiameterColumn, and Maximum2DDiameterSlice, may predict the risk of unfavorable outcome in patients with LIC caused by anterior circulation occlusion.
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Imagem de Difusão por Ressonância Magnética , Nomogramas , Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Curva ROC , Trombectomia/efeitos adversosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Cervical lymph node metastasis is one of the poorest prognostic factors in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Activated immune cells generally have metabolic abnormalities in the tumour microenvironment. However, it is unknown whether abnormal glycolysis in T cells could facilitate metastatic lymph nodes in OSCC patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of immune checkpoints in metastatic lymph nodes and determine the correlation between glycolysis and immune checkpoint expression in CD4+ T cells. METHODS: Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence staining were used to analyse the differences in CD4+ PD1+ T cells between metastatic lymph nodes (LN+) and negative lymph nodes (LN-). RTâPCR was performed to detail the expression of immune checkpoints and glycolysis-related enzymes in LN+ and LN-. RESULTS: The frequency of CD4+ T cells decreased in LN+ patients (p = 0.0019). The PD1 expression of LN+ increased markedly compared to that of LN- (p = 0.0205). Similarly, the PD1 of CD4+ T cells in LN+ increased significantly compared to that of LN-. Additionally, glycolysis-related enzyme levels in CD4+ T cells from LN+ patients were dramatically higher than those in LN- patients. PD1 and Hk2 expression in CD4+ T cells was also increased in LN+ OSCC patients with prior surgical treatment compared to those without. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that lymph node metastasis and recurrence in OSCC are associated with increases in PD1 and glycolysis in CD4+ T cells; this response may serve as a potential regulator of OSCC progression.
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Neoplasias Bucais , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeça e Pescoço , Humanos , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/metabolismo , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/patologia , Metástase Linfática , Neoplasias Bucais/patologia , Prognóstico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeça e Pescoço/patologia , Microambiente TumoralRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) is extensively involved in causing ischemic stroke, pathological damage of ischemic brain injury, and neural tissue repair after ischemic brain injury. However, the precise role of HMGB1 in ischemic stroke remains to be elucidated. METHODS: Comprehensive literature search and narrative review to summarize the current field of HMGB1 in cerebral ischemic based on the basic structure, structural modification, and functional roles of HMGB1 described in the literature. RESULTS: Studies have exhibited the crucial roles of HMGB1 in cell death, immunity and inflammation, thrombosis, and remodeling and repair. HMGB1 released after cerebral infarction is extensively involved in the pathological injury process in the early stage of cerebral infarction, whereas it is involved in the promotion of brain tissue repair and remodeling in the late stage of cerebral infarction. HMGB1 plays a neurotrophic role in acute white matter stroke, whereas it causes sustained activation of inflammation and plays a damaging role in chronic white matter ischemia. CONCLUSIONS: HMGB1 plays a complex role in cerebral infarction, which is related to not only the modification of HMGB1 and bound receptors but also different stages and subtypes of cerebral infarction. future studies on HMGB1 should investigate the spatial and temporal dynamics of HMGB1 after cerebral infarction. Moreover, future studies on HMGB1 should attempt to integrate different stages and infarct subtypes of cerebral infarction.
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Lesões Encefálicas , Isquemia Encefálica , Proteína HMGB1 , AVC Isquêmico , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Humanos , Lesões Encefálicas/complicações , Infarto Cerebral , Inflamação , AVC Isquêmico/complicações , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/complicaçõesRESUMO
Van der Waals (vdW) stacking of two-dimensional (2D) materials to create artificial structures has enabled remarkable discoveries and novel properties in fundamental physics. Here, we report that vdW stacking of centrosymmetric 2D materials, e.g., bilayer MoS2 (2LM) and monolayer graphene (1LG), could support remarkable second-harmonic generation (SHG). The required centrosymmetry breaking for second-order hyperpolarizability arises from the interlayer charge transfer between 2LM and 1LG and the imbalanced charge distribution in 2LM, which are verified by first-principles calculations, Raman spectroscopy, and polarization-resolved SHG. The strength of SHG from 2LM/1LG is of the same order of magnitude as that from the monolayer MoS2, which is well recognized with strong second-order nonlinearity. The emergent SHG reveals that the interlayer charge transfer can effectively modify the symmetry and nonlinear optical properties of 2D heterostructures. It also indicates the great opportunity of SHG spectroscopy for characterizing interlayer coupling in vdW heterostructures.
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The periodontal immune microenvironment is a delicate regulatory system that involves a variety of host immune cells including neutrophils, macrophages, T cells, dendritic cells and mesenchymal stem cells. The dysfunction or overactivation of any kind of local cells, and eventually the imbalance of the entire molecular regulatory network, leads to periodontal inflammation and tissue destruction. In this review, the basic characteristics of various host cells in the periodontal immune microenvironment and the regulatory network mechanism of host cells involved in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and periodontal bone remodeling are summarized, with emphasis on the immune regulatory network that regulates the periodontal microenvironment and maintains a dynamic balance. Future strategies for the clinical treatment of periodontitis and periodontal tissue regeneration need to develop new targeted synergistic drugs and/or novel technologies to clarify the regulatory mechanism of the local microenvironment. This review aims to provide clues and a theoretical basis for future research in this field.
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Células-Tronco Mesenquimais , Periodontite , Humanos , Periodontite/patologia , Inflamação , Periodonto/patologia , Remodelação Óssea , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais/patologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: It is unclear whether patients with severely disabling ischemic stroke (SDIS-that is, modified Rankin scale (mRS) scores of 3-5) benefit from non-acute endovascular recanalization (ER). OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of non-acute ER or medical treatment in severely disabled patients with non-acute ischemic stroke (mRS scores of 3-5). METHODS: Between January 2018 and August 2021, non-acute patients with SDIS and large vessel occlusion were collected from two regional stroke centers. Patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were assigned to two groups based on whether they underwent ER (ER group) or not (medical group). The primary functional outcome was the mRS score at 90 days. The primary safety outcomes were the recurrence of stroke and mortality. RESULTS: Of the 325 patients with hypoperfusion cerebral infarction caused by large vessel occlusion, 63 met the inclusion criteria (32 patients in the ER group, 31 patients in the medical group). A favorable outcome (mRS score ≤2) occurred more often in the ER group than in the medical group (59.4% vs 22.6%, respectively; OR=0.12, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.58; P<0.01). There were no significant differences in new-onset ischemic stroke (6.3% vs 3.2%, respectively; P=1.000), symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (12.5% vs 0%, respectively; P=0.113), or mortality within 90 days (6.3% vs 6.5%, respectively; P=1.000) between the two groups. Preoperative mRS scores (OR=7.34, 95% CI 1.56 to 34.5; P=0.02) and ER (OR=0.12, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.58; P<0.01) were significantly associated with outcome. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that patients with SDIS (mRS score 3-5) with smaller infarct cores and better collateral circulation can benefit from non-acute ER, with no additional perioperative complications or mortality.
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Isquemia Encefálica , Procedimentos Endovasculares , AVC Isquêmico , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Humanos , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/cirurgia , Hemorragia Cerebral/complicações , AVC Isquêmico/complicações , Procedimentos Endovasculares/efeitos adversos , Resultado do Tratamento , Isquemia Encefálica/diagnóstico por imagem , Isquemia Encefálica/cirurgia , Trombectomia/efeitos adversos , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Periodontitis is a chronic infectious disease caused by dysbiosis of oral microbiota, ultimately leading to periodontal alveolar bone loss. The oral subgingival microbiome, a key role in periodontitis pathogenesis, could alter the composition of gut microbiomes resulting in intestinal microbiota disorder. D-mannose plays an important role in glucose metabolism; whether it is beneficial to prevention and treatment of periodontitis and the regulation of oral and intestinal microbiota changes is still unknown. METHODS: To explore the effect of D-mannose, we established experimental periodontitis models in mice and then treated with supplementation of D-mannose in drinking water or gavage to examine the extent of periodontal bone loss using methylene blue staining. Moreover, the oral and fecal samples of mice were collected for 16S rRNA deep sequencing to analyze the changes of oral and gut microbiota after 14 days. Furthermore, amino acid content assays were used to test the concentration of amino acid of gingival tissues and intestinal tissues. RESULTS: We found that D-mannose could alleviate periodontal bone loss whether in the manner of drinking water or gavage. 16S rRNA results revealed that the abundance of Firmicutes changed significantly in oral samples, while Firmicutes and Akkermansia muciniphila were dominated in gut microbiota. In addition, we demonstrated that D-mannose inhibited inflammation and alleviated alveolar bone loss in periodontitis via regulating amino acid metabolism of oral and gut microbiomes. CONCLUSION: Our findings provided insight into the mechanism underlying the abilities of D-mannose in improving periodontitis treatment, suggesting that D-mannose has potential application in the dental clinic.