RESUMO
In screening for urinary tract infection the leucocyte esterase test will detect almost all samples with significant pyuria and bacteriuria, but is relatively nonspecific. The nitrite test is more specific but less sensitive and about one-third of the urinary tract infections in a large group of children were missed. The combination of screening tests results in greater overall accuracy both in the diagnosis and exclusion of urinary tract infection. Almost all cases of urinary tract infection were detected when either the leucocyte esterase or the nitrite screening test or both were positive. If both tests are negative, urinary tract infection is virtually excluded and unless the child is symptomatic, further urinalysis is unnecessary. Laboratory urinalysis is, however, necessary if any one screening test for leucocyte esterase or nitrite (or protein or haemoglobin) is positive. Combined biochemical screening for urinary tract infection with dipstick test strips is reliable and allows early diagnosis and management. By avoiding unnecessary urinalysis it is cost-effective for the patient and will significantly reduce the laboratory workload.
Assuntos
Fitas Reagentes , Infecções Urinárias/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Infecções Urinárias/urinaRESUMO
The incidence of infection in 100 cases of abortion was studied. Intra-uterine swabs and products of conception were cultured both aerobically and anaerobically. Significant potentially-pathogenic organisms were cultured from 94 of 100 intra-uterine swabs and from all 100 samples of the products of conception. Anaerobes were cultured from 70 intra-uterine swabs and from 56 products of conception. The spectrum and relative proportion of organisms isolated resemble those found in the normal vagina and cervical os. In addition, positive blood cultures were obtained from 24 patients, 8 on admission and 17 after evacuation. With this high incidence of infection, routine antimicrobial therapy for aerobic and anaerobic organisms should be given to all patients with abortion.