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1.
Small ; : e2404696, 2024 Aug 18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39155427

RESUMO

Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is a prominent photocatalyst that has attracted substantial interest in the field of photocatalytic environmental remediation due to the low cost of fabrication, robust chemical structure, adaptable and tunable energy bandgaps, superior photoelectrochemical properties, cost-effective feedstocks, and distinctive framework. Nonetheless, the practical application of bulk g-C3N4 in the photocatalysis field is limited by the fast recombination of photogenerated e--h+ pairs, insufficient surface-active sites, and restricted redox capacity. Consequently, a great deal of research has been devoted to solving these scientific challenges for large-scale applications. This review concisely presents the latest advancements in g-C3N4-based photocatalyst modification strategies, and offers a comprehensive analysis of the benefits and preparation techniques for each strategy. It aims to articulate the complex relationship between theory, microstructure, and activities of g-C3N4-based photocatalysts for atmospheric protection. Finally, both the challenges and opportunities for the development of g-C3N4-based photocatalysts are highlighted. It is highly believed that this special review will provide new insight into the synthesis, modification, and broadening of g-C3N4-based photocatalysts for atmospheric protection.

2.
Neurobiol Dis ; 200: 106636, 2024 Aug 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39142612

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The bidirectional relationship between the brain cortex and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remains inadequately explored. METHODS: This study used bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore the interactions between nine phenotypes associated with hypertension, heart failure, atrial fibrillation (AF), and coronary heart disease (CHD), and brain cortex measurements. These measurements included total surface area (SA), average thickness (TH), and the SA and TH of 34 regions defined by the Desikan-Killiany atlas. The nine traits were obtained from sources such as the UK Biobank and FinnGen, etc., while MRI-derived traits of cortical structure were sourced from the ENIGMA Consortium. The primary estimate was obtained using the inverse-variance weighted approach. A false discovery rate adjustment was applied to the p-values (resulting in q-values) in the analyses of regional cortical structures. RESULTS: A total of 1,260 two-sample MR analyses were conducted. Existing CHD demonstrated an influence on the SA of the banks of the superior temporal sulcus (bankssts) (q=0.018) and the superior frontal lobe (q=0.018), while hypertension was associated with changes in the TH of the lateral occipital region (q=0.02). Regarding the effects of the brain cortex on CVD incidence, total SA was significantly associated with the risk of CHD. Additionally, 16 and 3 regions exhibited significant effects on blood pressure and AF risk, respectively (q<0.05). These regions were primarily located in the frontal, temporal, and cingulate areas, which are associated with cognitive function and mood regulation. CONCLUSION: The detection of cortical changes through MRI could aid in screening for potential neuropsychiatric disorders in individuals with established CVD. Moreover, abnormalities in cortical structure may predict future CVD risk, offering new insights for prevention and treatment strategies.

3.
Front Immunol ; 15: 1421684, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39170619

RESUMO

Introduction: Immune-related epidermal necrolysis (irEN), including Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), represents a potentially lethal reaction to immune checkpoint inhibitors. An optimal treatment strategy remains undefined. This study evaluates the effectiveness and safety of combination therapy with corticosteroids and tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) in treating irEN patients. Methods: In this single-center, prospective, observational study, patients with irEN received either corticosteroid monotherapy or a combination therapy of corticosteroids and TNFi (etanercept for SJS, infliximab for TEN). The primary endpoint was re-epithelization time, with secondary endpoints including corticosteroid exposure, major adverse event incidence, acute mortality rates, and biomarkers indicating disease activity and prognosis. The study was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2100051052). Results: Thirty-two patients were enrolled (21 SJS, 11 TEN); 14 received combination therapy and 18 received corticosteroid monotherapy. IrEN typically occurred after 1 cycle of ICI administration, with a median latency of 16 days. Despite higher SCORTEN scores in the combination group (3 vs. 2, p = 0.008), these patients experienced faster re-epithelization (14 vs. 21 days; p < 0.001), shorter corticosteroid treatment duration (22 vs. 32 days; p = 0.005), and lower prednisone cumulative dose (1177 mg vs. 1594 mg; p = 0.073). Major adverse event rates were similar between groups. Three deaths occurred due to lung infection or disseminated intravascular coagulation, with mortality rates for both groups lower than predicted. Potential risk factors for increased mortality included continuous reduction in lymphocyte subset counts (CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, natural killer cells) and consistent rises in inflammatory markers (serum ferritin, interleukin-6, TNF-α). Re-epithelization time negatively correlated with body mass index and positively correlated with epidermal detachment area and serum levels of interleukin-6 and TNF-α. Conclusions: Corticosteroids combined with TNFi markedly promote re-epithelization, reduce corticosteroid use, and decrease acute mortality in irEN patients without increasing major adverse events, offering a superior alternative to corticosteroid monotherapy. Inflammatory markers and lymphocyte subsets are valuable for assessing disease activity and prognosis.


Assuntos
Corticosteroides , Quimioterapia Combinada , Inibidores de Checkpoint Imunológico , Síndrome de Stevens-Johnson , Inibidores do Fator de Necrose Tumoral , Humanos , Síndrome de Stevens-Johnson/etiologia , Síndrome de Stevens-Johnson/mortalidade , Síndrome de Stevens-Johnson/tratamento farmacológico , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Inibidores de Checkpoint Imunológico/efeitos adversos , Inibidores de Checkpoint Imunológico/uso terapêutico , Corticosteroides/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Idoso , Inibidores do Fator de Necrose Tumoral/uso terapêutico , Inibidores do Fator de Necrose Tumoral/efeitos adversos , Etanercepte/efeitos adversos , Etanercepte/uso terapêutico , Resultado do Tratamento , Infliximab/uso terapêutico , Infliximab/efeitos adversos
4.
BMC Cardiovasc Disord ; 24(1): 435, 2024 Aug 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39160486

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Currently, the treatment outcomes for complex congenital arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) remain unsatisfactory. This article reports on the utilization of an abdominal aortic stent graft, in conjunction with embolization techniques, for managing acute heart failure triggered by complex congenital arteriovenous malformations in the lower limb. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a case involving a patient with congenital AVMs in the lower limb, who had suffered from prolonged swelling in the left lower limb and recently developed symptoms of heart failure. At the age of 67, the patient was definitively diagnosed with a complex congenital AVMs in the lower limb. This article delves into the practical experiences and limitations encountered in employing an abdominal aortic stent graft, coupled with embolization, to address acute heart failure caused by complex congenital AVMs in the lower limb. CONCLUSIONS: Our article presents the initial report on the challenges and limitations encountered in treating acute heart failure triggered by complex congenital AVMs in the lower limb, utilizing a combination of abdominal aortic stent graft placement and embolization techniques.


Assuntos
Malformações Arteriovenosas , Embolização Terapêutica , Procedimentos Endovasculares , Insuficiência Cardíaca , Extremidade Inferior , Stents , Humanos , Embolização Terapêutica/instrumentação , Resultado do Tratamento , Malformações Arteriovenosas/terapia , Malformações Arteriovenosas/diagnóstico por imagem , Extremidade Inferior/irrigação sanguínea , Procedimentos Endovasculares/instrumentação , Insuficiência Cardíaca/terapia , Insuficiência Cardíaca/diagnóstico , Insuficiência Cardíaca/fisiopatologia , Insuficiência Cardíaca/etiologia , Idoso , Implante de Prótese Vascular/instrumentação , Masculino , Prótese Vascular , Feminino
5.
Front Immunol ; 15: 1414136, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39072330

RESUMO

Introduction: Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are rare yet life-threatening adverse events associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). This systematic review synthesizes the current literature to elucidate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with ICI-related SJS/TEN. Methods: We conducted a thorough search across databases including Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane, MEDLINE, Scopus, and PubMed. Selection criteria focused on reports of SJS/TEN among cancer patients treated with ICIs, analyzing clinical manifestations, therapeutic interventions, and outcomes. Results: Our analysis included 47 articles involving 50 patients with ICI-related SJS/TEN. The cohort had a mean age of 63 years, with a slight male predominance (54%). Most patients had melanoma or non-small cell lung cancer. SJS/TEN typically occurred early, with a median onset of 23 days post-ICI initiation. Treatment primarily involved systemic corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulins. The overall mortality rate was 20%, higher for TEN at 32%, with infections and tumor progression as leading causes. Median time from onset to death was 28 days. Survivors experienced a median re-epithelization time of 30 days, positively correlated with the extent of epidermal detachment (rs = 0.639, p = 0.009). Deceased patients exhibited a significantly higher proportion of TEN (90% vs. 48%, p = 0.029) and a larger epidermal detachment area (90% vs. 30% of the body surface area [BSA], p = 0.005) compared to survivors. The combination therapy group showed a higher proportion of TEN compared to corticosteroid monotherapy or non-corticosteroid therapy groups (72% vs. 29% and 50%, p = 0.01), with no significant differences in mortality or re-epithelization time. Dual ICI therapy resulted in a higher TEN rate than single therapy (100% vs. 50%, p = 0.028). Among single ICI therapies, the sintilimab-treated group trended towards a higher TEN rate (75% vs. 40-50%, p = 0.417), a larger detachment area (90% vs. 30-48% of BSA, p = 0.172), and a longer re-epithelization time (44 vs. 14-28 days, p = 0.036) compared to other ICI groups, while mortality rates remained similar. Conclusion: ICI-related SJS/TEN substantially impacts patient outcomes. Prospective clinical trials are critically needed to further clarify the pathogenesis and optimize therapeutic regimens.


Assuntos
Inibidores de Checkpoint Imunológico , Síndrome de Stevens-Johnson , Humanos , Síndrome de Stevens-Johnson/etiologia , Síndrome de Stevens-Johnson/mortalidade , Inibidores de Checkpoint Imunológico/efeitos adversos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias/mortalidade
6.
Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue ; 30(1): 18-25, 2024 Jan.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39046409

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To explore the expressions of zinc homeostasis-related proteins, G protein-coupled receptor 39 (GPR39) and ANO1 mRNA in the sperm of patients with asthenozoospermia (AS), and analyze their correlation with sperm motility. METHODS: We collected semen samples from 82 male subjects with PR+NP < 40%, PR < 32% and sperm concentration > 15×106/ml (the AS group, n = 40) or PR+NP ≥ 40%, PR ≥ 32% and sperm concentration > 15×106/ml (the normal control group, n = 42). We analyzed the routine semen parameters and measured the zinc content in the seminal plasma using the computer-assisted sperm analysis system, detected the expressions of zinc transporters (ZIP13, ZIP8 and ZNT10), metallothioneins (MT1G, MT1 and MTF), GPR39, and calcium-dependent chloride channel protein (ANO1) in the sperm by real-time quantitative PCR (RT qPCR), examined free zinc distribution in the sperm by laser confocal microscopy, and determined the expressions of GPR39 and MT1 proteins in the sperm by immunofluorescence staining, followed by Spearman rank correlation analysis of their correlation with semen parameters. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference in the zinc concentration in the seminal plasma between the AS and normal control groups (P>0.05). Compared with the controls, the AS patients showed a significantly reduced free zinc level (P<0.05), relative expressions of MT1G, MTF, ZIP13, GPR39 and ANO1 mRNA (P<0.05), and that of the GPR39 protein in the AS group (P<0.05). No statistically significant differences were observed in the relative expression levels of ZIP8, ZNT10 and MT1 mRNA between the two groups (P>0.05). The relative expression levels of GPR39, ANO1, MT1G and MTF mRNA were positively correlated with sperm motility and the percentage of progressively motile sperm (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The expressions of zinc homeostasis proteins (MT1G, MTF and ZIP13), GPR39 and ANO1 mRNA are downregulated in the sperm of asthenozoospermia patients, and positively correlated with sperm motility.


Assuntos
Anoctamina-1 , Astenozoospermia , Proteínas de Transporte de Cátions , RNA Mensageiro , Receptores Acoplados a Proteínas G , Motilidade dos Espermatozoides , Espermatozoides , Zinco , Humanos , Masculino , Astenozoospermia/metabolismo , Astenozoospermia/genética , Anoctamina-1/metabolismo , Anoctamina-1/genética , Receptores Acoplados a Proteínas G/metabolismo , Receptores Acoplados a Proteínas G/genética , Zinco/metabolismo , Espermatozoides/metabolismo , Proteínas de Transporte de Cátions/metabolismo , Proteínas de Transporte de Cátions/genética , RNA Mensageiro/genética , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Metalotioneína/metabolismo , Metalotioneína/genética , Homeostase , Adulto , Análise do Sêmen , Relevância Clínica , Proteínas de Neoplasias
7.
Biomedicines ; 12(7)2024 Jun 21.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39061952

RESUMO

Neuropathic pain (NP) results from lesions or diseases affecting the peripheral or central somatosensory system. However, there are currently no drugs that are particularly effective in treating this condition. SKI306X is a blend of purified extracts of three oriental herbs (Clematis mandshurica, Trichosanthes kirilowii, and Prunella vulgaris) commonly used to treat osteoarthritis for their chondroprotective effects. Chronic postischemic pain (CPIP) and spinal nerve ligation (SNL) models were created by binding the upper left ankle of mice with an O-ring for 3 h and ligating the L5 spinal nerve, respectively. Mice with allodynia were injected intraperitoneally with 0.9% normal saline (NS group) or different doses (25, 50, or 100 mg/kg) of SKI306X (SKI groups). We assessed allodynia using von Frey filaments before injection and 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, and 240 min and 24 h after injection to confirm the antiallodynic effect of SKI306X. We also measured glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) levels in the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia to confirm the change of SKI306X administration. Both models exhibited significant mechanical allodynia. The intraperitoneal injection of SKI306X significantly increased the paw withdrawal threshold in a dose-dependent manner, as the paw withdrawal threshold was significantly increased after SKI306X administration compared with at baseline or after NS administration. GFAP levels in the SKI group decreased significantly (p < 0.05). Intraperitoneal administration of SKI306X dose-dependently attenuated mechanical allodynia and decreased GFAP levels, suggesting that GFAP is involved in the antiallodynic effect of SKI306X in mice with CPIP and SNL-induced NP.

8.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl ; : e202406143, 2024 Jul 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38977427

RESUMO

Efficient synthesis of H2O2 via photocatalytic oxygen reduction without sacrificial agents is challenging due to inadequate proton supply from water and difficulty in maintaining O-O bond during O2 activation. Herein, we developed a straightforward strategy involving a proton-rich hydrogel cross-linked by metal ions [M(n)], which is designed to facilitate the selective production of H2O2 through proton relay and metal ion-assisted detachment of crucial intermediates. The hydrogel comprises CdS/graphene and alginate cross-linked by metal ions via O=C-O-M(n) bonds. Efficient O2 reduction and hydrogenation occurred, benefitting from the collaboration between proton-rich alginate and the photocatalytically active CdS/graphene. Meanwhile, the O=C-O-M(n) bonds enhance the electron density of α-carbon sites on graphene, crucial for O2 activation and *OOH intermediate detachment, preventing deeper O-O bond cleavage. The role of metal ions in promoting *OOH desorption was evident through Lewis acidity-dependent activity, with Y(III) demonstrating the highest activity followed by Lu(III), La(III), and Ca(II).

9.
J Am Chem Soc ; 146(33): 22893-22898, 2024 Aug 21.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38968087

RESUMO

Molecule-inclusive closed cage compounds present a unique platform for molecular motion in an isolated environment. This study showcases the incorporation of a tadpole-like polar molecule (1-propyl-1H-imidazole, PIm) into a supramolecular cage formed by duad semicage p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene. The ferroelectric phase transition as well as the cage-confined motion of encapsulated PIm was studied in detail. The unusual quadrastable state of the PIm in the paraelectric phase allows for the modulation of dipolar polarization over a broad temperature/frequency range. This compound represents the first example of a clathrate molecular ferroelectric featuring a molecule-inclusive supramolecular cage, and it also contributes to the understanding of cage-confined molecular dynamics.

10.
Stud Health Technol Inform ; 315: 742-743, 2024 Jul 24.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39049408

RESUMO

The purpose of this study was to explore the initial benefits of introducing the ICOPE (Integrated care for older people) information assessment system for the management of hospitalized elderly patients in a teaching hospital in Eastern Taiwan. The ICOPE information assessment system was set up for case screening and abnormal referral through clinical ICOPE, followed by follow-up and case management. The results showed a total of 3424 screened cases, an average of 311 ICOPE screenings per month, an average of 48 abnormal screenings per month (15%), a referral rate of 79%, a rescreening rate of 91%, and a case management completion rate of 71%. Conclusion: Introducing the ICOPE information evaluation system can quickly screen for potential abnormal disability cases in hospitalized elderly patients, timely referral case management, provide appropriate intervention measures, and improve the quality of life after returning home in old age.


Assuntos
Pessoas com Deficiência , Humanos , Taiwan , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Masculino , Feminino , Avaliação da Deficiência , Avaliação Geriátrica/métodos , Administração de Caso , Serviços de Saúde para Idosos
11.
Mil Med Res ; 11(1): 36, 2024 Jun 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38863031

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Dysregulation of enhancer transcription occurs in multiple cancers. Enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) are transcribed products from enhancers that play critical roles in transcriptional control. Characterizing the genetic basis of eRNA expression may elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying cancers. METHODS: Initially, a comprehensive analysis of eRNA quantitative trait loci (eRNAQTLs) was performed in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and functional features were characterized using multi-omics data. To establish the first eRNAQTL profiles for colorectal cancer (CRC) in China, epigenomic data were used to define active enhancers, which were subsequently integrated with transcription and genotyping data from 154 paired CRC samples. Finally, large-scale case-control studies (34,585 cases and 69,544 controls) were conducted along with multipronged experiments to investigate the potential mechanisms by which candidate eRNAQTLs affect CRC risk. RESULTS: A total of 300,112 eRNAQTLs were identified across 30 different cancer types, which exert their influence on eRNA transcription by modulating chromatin status, binding affinity to transcription factors and RNA-binding proteins. These eRNAQTLs were found to be significantly enriched in cancer risk loci, explaining a substantial proportion of cancer heritability. Additionally, tumor-specific eRNAQTLs exhibited high responsiveness to the development of cancer. Moreover, the target genes of these eRNAs were associated with dysregulated signaling pathways and immune cell infiltration in cancer, highlighting their potential as therapeutic targets. Furthermore, multiple ethnic population studies have confirmed that an eRNAQTL rs3094296-T variant decreases the risk of CRC in populations from China (OR = 0.91, 95%CI 0.88-0.95, P = 2.92 × 10-7) and Europe (OR = 0.92, 95%CI 0.88-0.95, P = 4.61 × 10-6). Mechanistically, rs3094296 had an allele-specific effect on the transcription of the eRNA ENSR00000155786, which functioned as a transcriptional activator promoting the expression of its target gene SENP7. These two genes synergistically suppressed tumor cell proliferation. Our curated list of variants, genes, and drugs has been made available in CancereRNAQTL ( http://canernaqtl.whu.edu.cn/#/ ) to serve as an informative resource for advancing this field. CONCLUSION: Our findings underscore the significance of eRNAQTLs in transcriptional regulation and disease heritability, pinpointing the potential of eRNA-based therapeutic strategies in cancers.


Assuntos
Elementos Facilitadores Genéticos , Neoplasias , Locos de Características Quantitativas , Humanos , Elementos Facilitadores Genéticos/genética , Neoplasias/genética , Variação Genética/genética , Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla/métodos , Neoplasias Colorretais/genética , Estudos de Casos e Controles , RNA/genética , China , RNAs Intensificadores
12.
Discov Med ; 36(184): 882-897, 2024 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38798249

RESUMO

Cardiovascular disease stands as the leading cause of death globally, with hypertension emerging as an independent risk factor for its development. The worldwide prevalence of hypertension hovers around 30%, encompassing a staggering 1.2 billion patients, and continues to escalate annually. Medication plays a pivotal role in managing hypertension, not only effectively regulating blood pressure (BP) but also substantially mitigating the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. This review comprehensively outlines the categories, mechanisms, clinical applications, and drawbacks of conventional antihypertensive drugs. It delves into the five primary pharmacological classifications, namely ß-receptor blockers, calcium channel blockers (CCBs), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), and diuretics. The emphasis is placed on elucidating the mechanisms, advantages, and research progress of novel antihypertensive drugs targeting emerging areas. These include mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), atrial natriuretic peptides (ANPs), neutral endopeptidase inhibitors (NEPIs), sodium-dependent glucose transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2Is), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), endothelin receptor antagonists (ERAs), soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) agonists, brain aminopeptidase A inhibitors (APAIs), and small interfering ribonucleic acids (siRNAs) targeting hepatic angiotensinogen. Compared to conventional antihypertensive drugs, these novel alternatives exhibit favorable antihypertensive effects with minimal adverse reactions. This review serves as a valuable reference for future research and the clinical application of antihypertensive drugs.


Assuntos
Inibidores da Enzima Conversora de Angiotensina , Anti-Hipertensivos , Hipertensão , Humanos , Anti-Hipertensivos/uso terapêutico , Anti-Hipertensivos/farmacologia , Hipertensão/tratamento farmacológico , Inibidores da Enzima Conversora de Angiotensina/uso terapêutico , Inibidores da Enzima Conversora de Angiotensina/farmacologia , Antagonistas de Receptores de Angiotensina/uso terapêutico , Bloqueadores dos Canais de Cálcio/uso terapêutico , Bloqueadores dos Canais de Cálcio/farmacologia , Animais , Antagonistas Adrenérgicos beta/uso terapêutico , Antagonistas Adrenérgicos beta/farmacologia , Diuréticos/uso terapêutico , Diuréticos/farmacologia , Antagonistas de Receptores de Mineralocorticoides/uso terapêutico
13.
Curr Med Sci ; 44(2): 450-461, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38639827

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf is a medicinal and edible herb that is widely used for the treatment of gastric, nervous and hypertensive disorders. In this study, we investigated the cardioprotective effects and mechanisms of the essential oil, the main active ingredient of Cymbopogon citratus, on isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. METHODS: The compositions of Cymbopogon citratus essential oil (CCEO) were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Cardiomyocytes were pretreated with 16.9 µg/L CCEO for 1 h followed by 10 µmol/L ISO for 24 h. Cardiac hypertrophy-related indicators and NLRP3 inflammasome expression were evaluated. Subsequently, transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) and target verification were used to further explore the underlying mechanism. RESULTS: Our results showed that the CCEO mainly included citronellal (45.66%), geraniol (23.32%), and citronellol (10.37%). CCEO inhibited ISO-induced increases in cell surface area and protein content, as well as the upregulation of fetal gene expression. Moreover, CCEO inhibited ISO-induced NLRP3 inflammasome expression, as evidenced by decreased lactate dehydrogenase content and downregulated mRNA levels of NLRP3, ASC, CASP1, GSDMD, and IL-1ß, as well as reduced protein levels of NLRP3, ASC, pro-caspase-1, caspase-1 (p20), GSDMD-FL, GSDMD-N, and pro-IL-1ß. The RNA-seq results showed that CCEO inhibited the increase in the mRNA levels of 26 oxidative phosphorylation complex subunits in ISO-treated cardiomyocytes. Our further experiments confirmed that CCEO suppressed ISO-induced upregulation of mt-Nd1, Sdhd, mt-Cytb, Uqcrq, and mt-Atp6 but had no obvious effects on mt-Col expression. CONCLUSION: CCEO inhibits ISO-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through the suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome expression and the regulation of several oxidative phosphorylation complex subunits.


Assuntos
Cymbopogon , Óleos Voláteis , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Inflamassomos/metabolismo , Proteína 3 que Contém Domínio de Pirina da Família NLR , Cymbopogon/química , Cymbopogon/metabolismo , Isoproterenol , Miócitos Cardíacos/metabolismo , Fosforilação Oxidativa , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Hipertrofia/induzido quimicamente , Hipertrofia/tratamento farmacológico , Hipertrofia/metabolismo
14.
Water Res ; 256: 121608, 2024 Jun 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38657310

RESUMO

The application of ozone (O3) disinfection has been hindered by its low solubility in water and the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs). In this study, capacitive disinfection is applied as a pre-treatment for O3 oxidation, in which manganese dioxide with a rambutan-like hollow spherical structure is used as the electrode to increase the charge density on the electrode surface. When a voltage is applied, the negative-charged microbes are attracted to the electrodes and killed by electrical interactions. The contact between microbes and capacitive electrodes leads to changes in cell permeability and burst of reactive oxygen species, thereby promoting the diffusion of O3 into the cells. After O3 penetrates the cell membrane, it can directly attack the cytoplasmic constituents, accelerating fatal and irreversible damage to pathogens. As a result, the performance of the capacitance-O3 process is proved better than the direct sum of the two individual process efficiencies. The design of capacitance-O3 system is beneficial to reduce the ozone dosage and DBPs with a broader inactivation spectrum, which is conducive to the application of ozone in primary water disinfection.


Assuntos
Desinfecção , Compostos de Manganês , Óxidos , Ozônio , Ozônio/farmacologia , Ozônio/química , Óxidos/farmacologia , Óxidos/química , Desinfecção/métodos , Compostos de Manganês/química , Compostos de Manganês/farmacologia , Membrana Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Purificação da Água/métodos , Eletrodos , Bactérias/efeitos dos fármacos
15.
Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi ; 26(4): 403-409, 2024 Apr 15.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38660905

RESUMO

Further evidence is needed to explore the impact of high-altitude environments on the neurologic function of neonates. Non-invasive techniques such as cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy and amplitude-integrated electroencephalography can provide data on cerebral oxygenation and brain electrical activity. This study will conduct multiple cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy and amplitude-integrated electroencephalography monitoring sessions at various time points within the first 3 days postpartum for healthy full-term neonates at different altitudes. The obtained data on cerebral oxygenation and brain electrical activity will be compared between different altitudes, and corresponding reference ranges will be established. The study involves 6 participating centers in the Chinese High Altitude Neonatal Medicine Alliance, with altitude gradients divided into 4 categories: 800 m, 1 900 m, 2 400 m, and 3 500 m, with an anticipated sample size of 170 neonates per altitude gradient. This multicenter prospective cohort study aims to provide evidence supporting the impact of high-altitude environments on early brain function and metabolism in neonates.


Assuntos
Altitude , Encéfalo , Eletroencefalografia , Oxigênio , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Oxigênio/metabolismo , Espectroscopia de Luz Próxima ao Infravermelho , Estudos Prospectivos
16.
J Phys Condens Matter ; 36(29)2024 Apr 25.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38593836

RESUMO

We theoretically study the crossed Andreev reflection (CAR) of the normal metal-superconductor-normal metal (NSN) heterojunction based on Kekulé-Y patterned graphene with two doping types, i.e.nSnandnSpconfigurations. It is found that the enhanced CAR is more likely to occur in thenSpjunction rather than thenSnjunction. To be concrete, the almost perfect CAR occurs in a large range of incident angle in the single Dirac cone phase when the incident energy is inside the gap of the nonlinear band. Furthermore, the roles of the length of superconductor and pseudospin-valley coupling on conductance are also evaluated.

17.
Org Lett ; 26(15): 3097-3102, 2024 Apr 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38574397

RESUMO

This study introduces a novel approach involving XB-mediated cross-coupling of α-trifluoromethylated alkyl bromides with coumarins and quinolinones under visible light irradiation. Both density functional theory (DFT) calculations and experimental studies converge to suggest that the noncovalent interaction between alkyl bromides and DMAP, intensified by the α-trifluoromethyl group, plays a pivotal role in facilitating this chemoselective reaction.

18.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ; 121(16): e2319119121, 2024 Apr 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38588435

RESUMO

The advancement of atomically precise dinuclear heterogeneous catalysts holds great potential in achieving efficient catalytic ozonation performance and contributes to the understanding of synergy mechanisms during reaction conditions. Herein, we demonstrate a "ship-in-a-bottle and pyrolysis" strategy that utilizes Fe2(CO)9 dinuclear-cluster to precisely construct Fe2 site, consisting of two Fe1-N3 units connected by Fe-Fe bonds and firmly bonded to N-doped carbon. Systematic characterizations and theoretical modeling reveal that the Fe-Fe coordination motif markedly reduced the devotion of the antibonding state in the Fe-O bond because of the strong orbital coupling interaction of dual Fe d-d orbitals. This facilitates O-O covalent bond cleavage of O3 and enhances binding strength with reaction intermediates (atomic oxygen species; *O and *OO), thus boosting catalytic ozonation performance. As a result, Fe dinuclear site catalyst exhibits 100% ozonation efficiency for CH3SH elimination, outperforming commercial MnO2 catalysts by 1,200-fold. This research provides insights into the atomic-level structure-activity relationship of ozonation catalysts and extends the use of dinuclear catalysts in catalytic ozonation and beyond.

19.
Mol Genet Genomic Med ; 12(4): e2440, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38634212

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Malformations of cortical development (MCD) are a group of congenital disorders characterized by structural abnormalities in the brain cortex. The clinical manifestations include refractory epilepsy, mental retardation, and cognitive impairment. Genetic factors play a key role in the etiology of MCD. Currently, there is no curative treatment for MCD. Phenotypes such as epilepsy and cerebral palsy cannot be observed in the fetus. Therefore, the diagnosis of MCD is typically based on fetal brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound, or genetic testing. The recent advances in neuroimaging have enabled the in-utero diagnosis of MCD using fetal ultrasound or MRI. METHODS: The present study retrospectively reviewed 32 cases of fetal MCD diagnosed by ultrasound or MRI. Then, the chromosome karyotype analysis, single nucleotide polymorphism array or copy number variation sequencing, and whole-exome sequencing (WES) findings were presented. RESULTS: Pathogenic copy number variants (CNVs) or single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) were detected in 22 fetuses (three pathogenic CNVs [9.4%, 3/32] and 19 SNVs [59.4%, 19/32]), corresponding to a total detection rate of 68.8% (22/32). CONCLUSION: The results suggest that genetic testing, especially WES, should be performed for fetal MCD, in order to evaluate the outcomes and prognosis, and predict the risk of recurrence in future pregnancies.


Assuntos
Variações do Número de Cópias de DNA , Diagnóstico Pré-Natal , Gravidez , Feminino , Humanos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Diagnóstico Pré-Natal/métodos , Ultrassonografia Pré-Natal/métodos , Testes Genéticos/métodos
20.
J Am Chem Soc ; 146(17): 11968-11977, 2024 May 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38630990

RESUMO

The direct oxidation of CH4 to C2H5OH is attractive but challenging owing to the intricate processes involving carbon-chain growth and hydroxylation simultaneously. The inherent difficulty arises from the strong tendency of CH4 to overoxidize in the commonly used pressurized powder suspension systems rich in reactive oxygen radicals (ROR), which are specifically designed for CH4 concentration and activation. Meanwhile, the strong tendency of nucleophilic attack of potent ROR on the C-C bond of the resulting product C2H5OH ultimately leads to a higher selectivity for C1 oxygenates. This study addresses this multifaceted issue by designing a three-phase interface based on a hydrophilic floating Fe(III)-cross-linked macroporous alginate hydrogel film encapsulated with C3N4 [Fe(III)@ACN] to simultaneously enhance the accessibility of H2O and CH4 molecules to the active sites and species within the macroporous channel. The hydrophilic properties of Fe(III)@ACN allow the in situ production of H2O2 from C3N4 through the water oxidation reaction under irradiation. The concurrent photoinduced Fe(II) triggers Fenton reaction with H2O2 to produce •OH. The enhanced mass transfer of CH4 at the three-phase interface ensures the efficient formation of •CH3 by reacting with •OH, ultimately facilitating carbon-chain growth in the conversion pathway from CH4 to CH3OH and finally to C2H5OH with •CH3 and •OH present in comparable concentrations. Thus, the Fe(III)@ACN catalyst exhibits a remarkable 96% selectivity for alcohol, achieving a 90% selectivity for C2H5OH in the alcohol products. The C2H5OH production rate reaches 171.7 µmol g-1 h-1 without the need for precious-metal additive.

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