Establishing the measurement properties of the Residential Environment Impact Scale (Version 4.0).

BACKGROUND: Developed as an environment assessment informed by the Model of Human Occupation, the Residential Environment Impact Survey considered the physical, social and activity features of the environment, evaluating the impact of the environment on resident's quality of life. Clinicians reported that the Residential Environment Impact Survey was a useful tool; however, it had not been structured to be a measurement tool and did not have established psychometric properties. AIMS/OBJECTIVES: This study examines the psychometric properties of the restructured Residential Environment Impact Scale Version 4.0 (REIS), which measures the level of environment support provided to residents. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The REIS was completed across residential sites for people with complex mental health needs. A many facets Rasch analysis was conducted to establish the reliability and validity of the REIS. RESULTS: The REIS demonstrated reasonable psychometric properties, with items demonstrating internal scale validity and scale items following an expected pattern of increasingly challenging environment support. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE: Initial evidence suggests that the REIS provides a valid and reliable measure of environment support, providing a detailed assessment of how physical, social and activity elements of the environment support or inhibit participation and can be applied across a range of living environments.

Catheter specimens of urine: an audit of practice.

Catheterisation is an established procedure and is usually performed by nurses (Bissett, 2005). According to Crow et al (1988) 10-12 per cent of hospital patients have an indwelling urinary catheter for short- to medium-term use (up to 28 days). Up to 80 per cent of urine infections (bacteriuria) are associated with the use of indwelling urinary catheters (Pinkerman, 1994; DoH, 2003).