RESUMO
Though there is a robust literature base linking intuitive eating (IE) to better psychological health and reduced eating pathology, little is known about the psychometric properties of IES-2 measurement or how IE relates to eating psychopathology within eating disorder clinical samples. Importantly, some seemingly adaptive eating behaviors in non-clinical populations could conceivably result from disordered eating within clinical eating disorder populations (e.g., not eating when not hungry because of distorted hunger-fullness cues, furthering restriction). This study examined the factor structure, psychometric properties, and correlates of the Intuitive Eating Scale-2 (IES-2) in a transdiagnostic eating disorder sample (N = 224). Participants at an eating disorder specialty treatment center completed the IES-2 upon assessment, along with other symptomology measures. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed, finding a poor model fit in this transdiagnostic sample, CFI = 0.889, TLI = 0.869, RMSEA = 0.095, TLI = 0.869, and SRMR = 0.099. Through exploratory factor analysis, we identified a factor solution for the measure that can be used transdiagnostically in this population, with revised scoring and modifications. As expected, the IES-2 demonstrated construct validity, with higher IE being associated with lower eating pathology (r = -0.36, p < .01), lower clinical impairment (r = -0.26, p < .01), lower body image dissatisfaction (r = -0.39, p < .05), and lower depressive symptoms (r = -0.20, p < .01), supporting construct validity. As anticipated, IES-2 was not related to emotion regulation, supporting discriminant validity. This study suggests that the IES-2 does not perform as expected in a transdiagnostic clinical eating disorder population, and instead, a revised scored 21-item IES-2 is suggested, with interpretation of only the total score and two subscales.
Assuntos
Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos , HumanosRESUMO
Background: Family-Centered Care is a useful framework for improving care for hospitalized children with congenital heart disease. The EMpowerment of PArents in THe Intensive Care-30 (EMPATHIC-30) questionnaire is a widely accepted tool to measure parental satisfaction with Family-Centered Care. Psychometric properties of the EMPATHIC-30 have been evaluated in neonatal and pediatric intensive care units, but not in pediatric cardiac care units. Therefore, our aim was to assess the psychometric properties of the German EMPATHIC-30 in an intermediary/general pediatric cardiology unit. Methods: We used data from a quality management survey comprising the German EMPATHIC-30, a sociodemographic questionnaire and four general satisfaction items. Data were collected at the intermediary/general pediatric cardiology unit of a specialized heart center in Germany (n = 366). We split the data randomly into two subsets. In the first subset, we assessed internal consistency reliability with McDonald's omega and Cronbach's alpha, and convergent validity using Spearman's rank correlation. Furthermore, we explored the internal structure with Principal Component Analysis (PCA). In the second subset, we validated the resulting structure using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Results: The reliability estimates exceeded 0.70 for all five domain scores and 0.90 for the full-scale score. Convergent validity between EMPATHIC-30 domain scores/ the full-scale score and the four general satisfaction items was adequate (rs = 0.40-0.74). The PCA suggested three components, accounting for 56.8% of the total variance. Cross-validation via CFA showed poor model fit (χ2 = 1545.78, χ2/df = 3.85, CFI = 0.70, TLI = 0.66, RMSEA = 0.13), indicating that the EMPATHIC-30 shows no clear and generalizable factor structure in this sample. Discussion: The German version of the EMPATHIC-30 exhibited reasonable psychometric properties in an intermediary/general pediatric cardiology unit. Follow-up studies should investigate the factor structure of the EMPATHIC-30 in other pediatric inpatient care settings.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This study investigated whether self-reports of alcohol-related postings on Facebook by oneself or one's Facebook friends were related to common motives for drinking and were uniquely predictive of self-reported alcohol outcomes (alcohol consumption, problems, and cravings). METHOD: Pacific Northwest undergraduates completed a survey of alcohol outcomes, drinking motives, and alcohol-related Facebook postings. Participants completed the survey online as part of a larger study on alcohol use and cognitive associations. Participants were randomly selected through the university registrar's office and consisted of 1,106 undergraduates (449 men, 654 women, 2 transgender, 1 declined to answer) between the ages of 18 and 25 years (M = 20.40, SD = 1.60) at a large university in the Pacific Northwest. Seven participants were excluded from analyses because of missing or suspect data. RESULTS: Alcohol-related postings on Facebook were significantly correlated with social, enhancement, conformity, and coping motives for drinking (all ps < .001). After drinking motives were controlled for, self-alcohol-related postings independently and positively predicted the number of drinks per week, alcohol-related problems, risk of alcohol use disorders, and alcohol cravings (all ps < .001). In contrast, friends' alcohol-related postings only predicted the risk of alcohol use disorders (p < .05) and marginally predicted alcohol-related problems (p = .07). CONCLUSIONS: Posting alcohol-related content on social media platforms such as Facebook is associated with common motivations for drinking and is, in itself, a strong predictive indicator of drinking outcomes independent of drinking motives. Moreover, self-related posting activity appears to be more predictive than Facebook friends' activity. These findings suggest that social media platforms may be a useful target for future preventative and intervention efforts.