RESUMO
Primary and secondary nervous system involvement occurs in 4% and 5%-12%, respectively, of all canine non-Hodgkin lymphomas. The recent new classification of canine malignant lymphomas, based on the human World Health Organization classification, has been endorsed with international acceptance. This histological and immunocytochemical classification provides a unique opportunity to study the histologic anatomic distribution patterns in the central and peripheral nervous system of these defined lymphoma subtypes. In this study, we studied a cohort of 37 dogs with lymphoma, which at necropsy had either primary (n = 1, 2.7%) or secondary (n = 36; 97.3%) neural involvement. These T- (n = 16; 43.2%) or B-cell (n = 21; 56.8%) lymphomas were further classified into 12 lymphoma subtypes, with predominant subtypes including peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) or diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), respectively. This systematic study identified 6 different anatomically based histologically defined patterns of lymphoma infiltration in the nervous system of dogs. Different and distinct combinations of anatomical patterns correlated with specific lymphoma subtypes. Lymphoma infiltration within the meningeal, perivascular, and periventricular compartments were characteristic of DLBCL, whereas peripheral nerve involvement was a frequent feature of PTCL. Similarly cell counts above 64 cells/µL in cerebrospinal samples correlated best with marked meningeal and periventricular lymphoma infiltration histologically. Prospective studies are needed in order to confirm the hypothesis that these combinations of histological neuroanatomic patterns reflect targeting of receptors specific for the lymphoma subtypes at these various sites.
Assuntos
Doenças do Cão/patologia , Linfoma/veterinária , Neoplasias do Sistema Nervoso/veterinária , Animais , Cães , Feminino , Linfoma/patologia , Linfoma de Células B/patologia , Linfoma de Células B/veterinária , Linfoma de Células T/patologia , Linfoma de Células T/veterinária , Masculino , Neoplasias do Sistema Nervoso/patologia , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
In this study, we determined the expression of key signalling pathway proteins TP53, MDM2, P21, AKT, PTEN, RB1, P16, MTOR and MAPK in canine gliomas using western blotting. Protein expression was defined in three canine astrocytic glioma cell lines treated with CCNU, temozolamide or CPT-11 and was further evaluated in 22 spontaneous gliomas including high and low grade astrocytomas, high grade oligodendrogliomas and mixed oligoastrocytomas. Response to chemotherapeutic agents and cell survival were similar to that reported in human glioma cell lines. Alterations in expression of key human gliomagenesis pathway proteins were common in canine glioma tumour samples and segregated between oligodendroglial and astrocytic tumour types for some pathways. Both similarities and differences in protein expression were defined for canine gliomas compared to those reported in human tumour counterparts. The findings may inform more defined assessment of specific signalling pathways for targeted therapy of canine gliomas.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Encefálicas/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/genética , Glioma/veterinária , Transdução de Sinais/genética , Animais , Antineoplásicos , Western Blotting/veterinária , Neoplasias Encefálicas/genética , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patologia , California , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Doenças do Cão/patologia , Cães , Feminino , Genes Supressores de Tumor , Glioma/genética , Glioma/patologia , Masculino , PTEN Fosfo-Hidrolase/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-mdm2/genética , Serina-Treonina Quinases TOR/genética , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53/genéticaRESUMO
Exposure to parasites in conservation translocations increases the risks to recipient and translocated populations from disease, and therefore there has been interest in implementing biosecurity methods. Using four case examples we described how biosecurity was applied in practical translocation scenarios prior to and during a translocation and also post-release. We implemented biosecurity, including quarantine barriers, at specific points in the translocation pathway where hazards, identified by the disease risk analysis, had the potential to induce disease. Evidence that biosecurity protected translocated and recipient populations, included an absence of mortality associated with high-risk non-native parasites, a reduction in mortality associated with endemic parasites, the absence of high-risk pathogenic parasites, or associated diseases, at the destination; and the apparent absence of diseases in closely related species at the destination site. The biosecurity protocols did not alter the level or duration of translocated species confinement and therefore probably did not act as a stressor. There is a monetary cost involved in biosecurity but the epidemiological evidence suggests that conservation translocation managers should carefully consider its use. Breakdowns in quarantine have occurred in human hospitals despite considerable investment and training for health professionals, and we therefore judge that there is a need for training in the objectives and maintenance of quarantine barriers in conservation translocations. Biosecurity protocols for conservation translocations should be continually updated in response to findings from disease risk analysis and post-release disease surveillance and we recommend further studies to evaluate their effectiveness.
Assuntos
Anuros , Abelhas , Conservação dos Recursos Naturais , Mariposas , Passeriformes , Animais , Humanos , Ranidae , Medição de RiscoRESUMO
There are risks from disease in undertaking wild animal reintroduction programmes. Methods of disease risk analysis have been advocated to assess and mitigate these risks, and post-release health and disease surveillance can be used to assess the effectiveness of the disease risk analysis, but results for a reintroduction programme have not to date been recorded. We carried out a disease risk analysis for the reintroduction of pool frogs (Pelophylax lessonae) to England, using information gained from the literature and from diagnostic testing of Swedish pool frogs and native amphibians. Ranavirus and Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis were considered high-risk disease threats for pool frogs at the destination site. Quarantine was used to manage risks from disease due to these two agents at the reintroduction site: the quarantine barrier surrounded the reintroduced pool frogs. Post-release health surveillance was carried out through regular health examinations of amphibians in the field at the reintroduction site and collection and examination of dead amphibians. No significant health or disease problems were detected, but the detection rate of dead amphibians was very low. Methods to detect a higher proportion of dead reintroduced animals and closely related species are required to better assess the effects of reintroduction on health and disease.
Assuntos
Quitridiomicetos , Micoses/veterinária , Ranidae/microbiologia , Animais , Animais Selvagens , Inglaterra , Micoses/epidemiologia , Micoses/microbiologiaRESUMO
A 10-year-old golden retriever dog was referred with a 24-h history of generalized seizures. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain found no abnormalities on 3 mm transverse sections and the dog was subsequently humanely destroyed. Microscopically there was bilaterally symmetrical focal disorganization of cortical grey matter within the tips of the right and left suprasylvian gyri of the temporal cortex. The focal abnormal cortical lamination was characterized by loss of pyramidal neurons with abnormal, irregular, angular, remaining neurons occasionally forming clusters, surrounded by fibrillary astrogliosis and microgliosis and vascular proliferation. These histological findings are consistent with focal cortical dysplasia, a cerebral cortical malformation that causes seizures in people, but not reported previously in the dog.
Assuntos
Doenças do Cão/patologia , Malformações do Desenvolvimento Cortical/veterinária , Animais , Encéfalo/patologia , Cães , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Malformações do Desenvolvimento Cortical/complicações , Malformações do Desenvolvimento Cortical/patologia , Convulsões/etiologia , Convulsões/veterináriaRESUMO
A diagnosis of transmural ileal ganglioneuromatosis was made in a 15-day-old goat that was found dead following a period of diarrhoea and inappetence. Grossly, the entire length of the wall of the ileum was pale and firm with a variably segmental to transmural thickening. Microscopically, the ileal transmural thickening was due to a diffuse proliferation of both ganglionic and glial cells forming cell nests or packets that infiltrated the wall and into the mesentery surrounding a mesenteric lymph node. The neoplastic ganglionic cells were immunoreactive for S100, synaptophysin and triple neurofilament, while the glial spindle cells were immunoreactive with glial fibrillary acidic protein, S100 and laminin confirming their Schwann cell identity. Nerve fibres expressing neurofilament protein 200 and phosphorylated neurofilament (SMI-31) were observed rarely. Ganglioneuromatosis is defined as diffuse exuberant proliferation of all components of the intestinal ganglionic plexuses. In man, the transmural form has more grave clinical consequences than a focal pattern and is commonly associated with germline mutations in the RET proto-oncogene. Whether there is any comparable molecular genetic abnormality in animals remains unknown; however, ganglioneuromatosis needs to be included in the differential diagnosis of tumours of the autonomic enteric nervous system.
Assuntos
Ganglioneuroma/veterinária , Neoplasias do Íleo/veterinária , Animais , Feminino , Ganglioneuroma/patologia , Cabras , Neoplasias do Íleo/patologiaRESUMO
Reports of primary nervous system tumors in wild raccoons are extremely rare. Olfactory tumors were diagnosed postmortem in 9 free-ranging raccoons from 4 contiguous counties in California and 1 raccoon from Oregon within a 26-month period between 2010 and 2012. We describe the geographic and temporal features of these 10 cases, including the laboratory diagnostic investigations and the neuropathologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural characteristics of these tumors in the affected animals. All 9 raccoons from California were found within a localized geographic region of the San Francisco Bay Area (within a 44.13-km radius). The tight temporal and geographic clustering and consistent anatomic location in the olfactory system of tumor types not previously described in raccoons (malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors and undifferentiated sarcomas) strongly suggest either a common cause or a precipitating factor leading to induction or potentiation of neuro-oncogenesis and so prompted an extensive diagnostic investigation to explore possible oncogenic infectious and/or toxic causes. By a consensus polymerase chain reaction strategy, a novel, recently reported polyomavirus called raccoon polyomavirus was identified in all 10 tumors but not in the normal brain tissue from the affected animals, suggesting that the virus might play a role in neuro-oncogenesis. In addition, expression of the viral protein T antigen was detected in all tumors containing the viral sequences. We discuss the potential role of raccoon polyomavirus as an oncogenic virus.
Assuntos
Surtos de Doenças/veterinária , Neurilemoma/epidemiologia , Neurilemoma/veterinária , Neurilemoma/virologia , Polyomavirus/genética , Guaxinins , Animais , California/epidemiologia , Análise por Conglomerados , Imuno-Histoquímica/veterinária , Microdissecção e Captura a Laser/veterinária , Microscopia Eletrônica/veterinária , Neurilemoma/patologia , Oregon/epidemiologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterináriaRESUMO
A 13-year-old, mixed breed dog presented with a 1-month history of seizures. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed a 2.2 × 1.0 × 0.9 cm ovoid and elongate cystic mass within the white matter of the left frontal lobe extending caudally from the cribriform plate to the rostral left lateral ventricle. Three fractions of stereotactic radiotherapy were administered and resulted in reduction of the volume of the tumour; however, the clinical signs failed to improve. On post-mortem examination, a single mass 1.5 × 0.3 × 1 cm was found within the left frontal lobe. It consisted of gelatinous, grey, friable tissue bordering a central empty cavity. Microscopical evaluation revealed polygonal neoplastic cells with distinct cytoplasmic borders and one or more intracytoplasmic solid, brightly eosinophilic, sharply defined globules. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells expressed glial fibrillary acidic protein and S100 but were negative for pan cytokeratin, vimentin, olig-2 and synaptophysin. Ultrastructurally, neoplastic cells had dense whorls of intracytoplasmic intermediate filaments and were connected by multiple intermittent long zonula adherens-type junctions. Based on these findings, a diagnosis of clear cell ependymoma was made. This is the first report of this subtype in the dog.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Encefálicas/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/patologia , Ependimoma/veterinária , Animais , Biomarcadores Tumorais/análise , Neoplasias Encefálicas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patologia , Doenças do Cão/metabolismo , Cães , Ependimoma/metabolismo , Ependimoma/patologia , Imuno-Histoquímica , Microscopia Eletrônica de TransmissãoRESUMO
Drunken lamb syndrome (DLS) is a fatal disease of unknown aetiology affecting young lambs. In 2011, a prospective on farm cohort study was carried out to investigate the epidemiology and pathophysiology of DLS. Ten cases from a cohort of 1635 crossbred and pure Welsh Mountain lambs were identified as having DLS on the basis of characteristic clinical signs. Renal histopathology demonstrated nephrosis in all 10 cases. Some cases also demonstrated concurrent intestinal pathology. The cases were significantly smaller than the cohort, nine out of the 10 were twins, and they all demonstrated a severe metabolic acidosis characterised by elevated D-lactate. This study demonstrates that D-lactate--probably initiated by the overgrowth of intestinal microorganisms--appears to be the cause of the metabolic acidosis seen in cases of DLS, and to be responsible for the clinical signs seen. It is unclear as to the significance of the nephrosis lesions, and the name 'Lamb Nephrosis' may be misleading. Treatment may be possible using solutions of sodium bicarbonate.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Ovinos/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Ovinos/fisiopatologia , Animais , Estudos Prospectivos , Ovinos , Síndrome , País de Gales/epidemiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Equine neuroaxonal dystrophy/equine degenerative myeloencephalopathy (NAD/EDM) is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting young horses of various breeds that resembles ataxia with vitamin E deficiency in humans, an inherited disorder caused by mutations in the alpha-tocopherol transfer protein gene (TTPA). To evaluate variants found upon sequencing TTPA in the horse, the mode of inheritance for NAD/EDM had to be established. HYPOTHESIS: NAD/EDM in the American Quarter Horse (QH) is caused by a mutation in TTPA. ANIMALS: 88 clinically phenotyped (35 affected [ataxia score ≥2], 53 unaffected) QHs with a diagnosis of NAD/EDM with 6 affected and 4 unaffected cases confirmed at postmortem examination. PROCEDURES: Pedigrees and genotypes across 54,000 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were assessed to determine heritability and mode of inheritance of NAD/EDM. TTPA sequence of exon/intron boundaries was evaluated in 2 affected and 2 control horses. An association analysis was performed by 71 SNPs surrounding TTPA and 8 SNPs within TTPA that were discovered by sequencing. RT-PCR for TTPA was performed on mRNA from the liver of 4 affected and 4 control horses. RESULTS: Equine NAD/EDM appears to be inherited as a polygenic trait and, within this family of QHs, demonstrates high heritability. Sequencing of TTPA identified 12 variants. No significant association was found using the 79 available variants in and surrounding TTPA. RT-PCR yielded PCR products of equivalent sizes between affected cases and controls. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: NAD/EDM demonstrates heritability in this family of QHs. Variants in TTPA are not responsible for NAD/EDM in this study population.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Transporte/genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Doenças dos Cavalos/genética , Distrofias Neuroaxonais/veterinária , Animais , Feminino , Cavalos , Masculino , Distrofias Neuroaxonais/genética , LinhagemRESUMO
Following the initial diagnosis of chronic copper poisoning (CCP), the copper (Cu) status of a British dairy herd was investigated. Eight fatal cases of CCP were identified over a 17-month period, from December 1999 to May 2001, involving seven Jersey cows and one Holstein-Friesian; seven cows were dry when CCP occurred. Case diagnostic criteria were necrotising hepatopathy associated with abnormally high liver and kidney Cu concentrations. Analysis of the ration for the high-yielding Jersey cow group revealed about 50 mg Cu/kg dry matter intake (DMI). Risk factors predisposing to fatal CCP were Jersey breed, previous high yield, first two weeks of the dry period and moderately high dietary Cu (greater than 40 mg Cu/kg DMI).
Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos/induzido quimicamente , Cobre/intoxicação , Intoxicação/veterinária , Ração Animal , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição Animal , Animais , Cruzamento , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/diagnóstico , Doenças dos Bovinos/mortalidade , Cobre/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Rim/metabolismo , Fígado/metabolismo , Intoxicação/diagnóstico , Intoxicação/mortalidade , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
An outbreak of tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium bovis, was investigated in a small herd of llamas (Lama glama). Based on three ante-mortem diagnostic methods (clinical signs, tuberculin skin test reactions, and 'Rapid Test' serology), 12 llamas were selected for examination post-mortem. Grossly visible lesions suspicious of TB were observed in eight animals, four of which had exhibited clinical signs, one was a skin test 'reactor', and three had been seropositive. M. bovis was isolated from seven of these eight animals. Clinical signs combined with serology were found to be useful in identifying infected animals, but tuberculin skin testing had limited negative predictive value as four llamas that were subsequently confirmed as infected were not detected using this assay.
Assuntos
Camelídeos Americanos , Surtos de Doenças/veterinária , Teste Tuberculínico/veterinária , Tuberculose/veterinária , Animais , Autopsia/veterinária , Surtos de Doenças/prevenção & controle , Mycobacterium bovis/isolamento & purificação , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Transtornos Respiratórios/veterinária , Testes Sorológicos/veterinária , Tuberculose/diagnóstico , Tuberculose/epidemiologia , Tuberculose/prevenção & controle , Reino Unido/epidemiologia , Redução de PesoRESUMO
The p53 tumor suppressor gene (TP53) is the most frequently altered gene in human cancer. Mutation of the gene has been shown to be an important mechanism of p53 pathway inactivation in a variety of human brain tumors, particularly those of astrocytic origin. Genomic DNA from a series of 37 glial and 51 nonglial canine brain tumors was sequenced to determine the frequency of TP53 gene mutations involving exons 3-9. Exonic mutations were found in 3 of 88 tumors (3.4%) and specifically in 1 of 18 astrocytic tumors (5.5%). This is markedly lower than that reported in comparable human tumors, suggesting that alternative mechanisms of p53 inactivation are likely to be present if p53 function contributes significantly to oncogenesis in canine brain tumors.
Assuntos
Astrocitoma/veterinária , Neoplasias Encefálicas/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/genética , Genes p53/genética , Mutação , Animais , Astrocitoma/genética , Neoplasias Encefálicas/genética , DNA Complementar/genética , DNA de Neoplasias/química , DNA de Neoplasias/genética , Cães , Éxons/genética , Feminino , Frequência do Gene , Masculino , RNA Neoplásico/genética , Análise de Sequência de DNARESUMO
BACKGROUND: Equine degenerative myeloencephalopathy (EDM) is a neurodegenerative disorder that has been previously associated with low vitamin E concentrations. OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical, electrophysiologic, and pathologic features of EDM in a group of related Lusitano horses. ANIMALS: Fifteen Lusitano horses. PROCEDURES: Neurologic examinations were conducted, and serum vitamin E concentrations were measured. Three neurologically abnormal horses were further evaluated by ophthalmologic examination, electroretinography, electroencephalography, muscle and nerve biopsies, and post-mortem examination. RESULTS: Six horses appeared neurologically normal, 6 were neurologically abnormal, and 3 had equivocal gait abnormalities. Abnormal horses demonstrated ataxia and paresis. An inconsistent menace response was noted in 4 neurologically abnormal horses and in 1 horse with equivocal findings. All horses had low serum vitamin E concentrations (<1.5 ppm). Ophthalmologic examinations, electroretinograms, electroencephalograms, and muscle and peripheral nerve biopsies were unremarkable in 3 neurologically abnormal horses. At necropsy, major neuropathological findings in these horses were bilaterally symmetric, severe, neuro axonal degeneration in the gracilis, cuneatus medialis, cuneatus lateralis, and thoracicus nuclei and bilaterally symmetric axonal loss and demyelination mainly in the dorsolateral and ventromedial tracts of the spinal cord. A diagnosis of EDM was made based on these findings. Pedigree analysis identified 2 sires among the affected horses. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Equine degenerative myeloencephalopathy is a neurodegenerative disorder that causes ataxia and, in severe cases, paresis, in young Lusitano horses. The disease appears to have a genetic basis, and although vitamin E deficiency is a common finding, low serum vitamin E concentrations also may occur in apparently unaffected related individuals.
Assuntos
Encefalomielite/veterinária , Doenças dos Cavalos/patologia , Deficiência de Vitamina E/veterinária , Animais , Encefalomielite/etiologia , Encefalomielite/genética , Encefalomielite/patologia , Feminino , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Doenças dos Cavalos/etiologia , Doenças dos Cavalos/genética , Cavalos , Masculino , Linhagem , Deficiência de Vitamina E/complicaçõesRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Cryptococcus spp. is a fungal pathogen with a predilection for the central nervous system (CNS). OBJECTIVES: To compare the clinical, advanced imaging, and neuropathologic findings in dogs and cats with CNS cryptococcosis, and to evaluate outcome of treatment in these animals. ANIMALS: Twenty-six cats and 21 dogs with CNS cryptococcosis. METHODS: Medical records were reviewed for clinical findings and results of CNS imaging. Archived cerebrospinal fluid and CNS tissue specimens were reviewed for pathology. Findings in cats were compared with those in dogs and the effects of variables on survival were determined by survival curve analysis. RESULTS: When present, pain was localized to the cervical region in dogs and was generalized or localized to the thoracolumbar spine or pelvic limbs in cats. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings were variable but correlated with CNS histopathological findings of meningitis, meningitis with gelatinous pseudocyst formation, and granulomatous mass lesions. Peripherally enhancing brain lesions were seen only in cats. Histopathologically, the inflammatory response was milder in cats compared with dogs. Remissions of ≥1 year occurred in 32% of treated animals. Altered mentation was associated with negative outcome. Glucocorticoid use after diagnosis was associated with improved survival in the first 10 days. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Lesions seen on MRI reflected neuropathological findings and were similar to those reported in human patients. The immune response to infection may differ between cats and dogs, or relate to the infecting cryptococcal species. Long-term (>6 month median survival time) survival may be possible in animals surviving ≥4 days after diagnosis.
Assuntos
Doenças do Gato/diagnóstico , Infecções do Sistema Nervoso Central/veterinária , Criptococose/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico , Animais , California/epidemiologia , Doenças do Gato/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Doenças do Gato/epidemiologia , Doenças do Gato/patologia , Gatos , Infecções do Sistema Nervoso Central/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Infecções do Sistema Nervoso Central/epidemiologia , Infecções do Sistema Nervoso Central/patologia , Criptococose/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Criptococose/epidemiologia , Criptococose/patologia , Doenças do Cão/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Doenças do Cão/epidemiologia , Doenças do Cão/patologia , Cães , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/veterináriaRESUMO
An outbreak of tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium bovis in a llama herd is described. Over a 25-month period, a total of 70 llamas were selected for postmortem examination using four distinct criteria: clinical suspicion of disease (15 animals), positive tuberculin skin test result (three animals), antibody positive using a novel serological test (Rapid Test, 54 animals) and elective cull (five animals). Some animals qualified on more than one criterion. Gross lesions of TB were detected in 15 animals, with lung and lymph node lesions consistently observed. Samples were collected from 14 of 15 animals with visible lesions as well as those with no visible lesions, for histopathology and mycobacterial culture. All 14 llamas with visible lesions had caseonecrotic granulomatous lesions associated with acid-fast bacteria and variable mineralisation, and M bovis was isolated from 13. There were no histopathological lesions of TB in llamas with no grossly visible lesions, and M bovis was not isolated from any of these. The predictive value of suspicious gross lesions at postmortem examination was therefore high in the herd. Molecular typing results indicated that the outbreak was caused by a single strain likely to have originated from a local reservoir, probably cattle or wildlife. Antemortem indicators of infection assisted control of the outbreak, but no single test accurately identified all TB cases. Visible lesions were detected in nine of 15 llamas with clinical suspicion of disease, in two of three that had positive tuberculin skin test results and in 10 of 54 that were antibody positive; there was none (zero out of five) in llamas that were electively culled.
Assuntos
Camelídeos Americanos/microbiologia , Surtos de Doenças/veterinária , Mycobacterium bovis , Teste Tuberculínico/veterinária , Tuberculose/veterinária , Animais , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/sangue , Surtos de Doenças/prevenção & controle , Feminino , Imuno-Histoquímica/veterinária , Masculino , Mycobacterium bovis/imunologia , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Tuberculose/epidemiologia , Tuberculose/patologia , Tuberculose/prevenção & controle , Reino Unido/epidemiologiaAssuntos
Doenças dos Roedores/mortalidade , Sciuridae/microbiologia , Sciuridae/parasitologia , Animais , Causas de Morte , Inglaterra/epidemiologia , Infestações por Piolhos/mortalidade , Infestações por Piolhos/veterinária , Infecções por Poxviridae/mortalidade , Infecções por Poxviridae/veterinária , Doenças dos Roedores/microbiologia , Doenças dos Roedores/parasitologia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/mortalidade , Infecções Estafilocócicas/veterinária , Ferimentos e Lesões/mortalidade , Ferimentos e Lesões/veterináriaAssuntos
Mycobacterium bovis/isolamento & purificação , Exposição Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Tuberculose Cutânea/diagnóstico , Tuberculose/veterinária , Adulto , Animais , Camelídeos Americanos , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Humanos , Mycobacterium bovis/genética , Doenças Profissionais/etiologia , Doenças Profissionais/microbiologia , Tuberculose/transmissão , Tuberculose Cutânea/microbiologiaRESUMO
A group of finches were accidentally overdosed with ronidazole, a 5-nitroimidazole used for treatment of trichomoniasis. Finches developed neurologic signs on the third day of treatment and were euthanized (or died). Three finches were submitted for necropsy. Focal necrosis of the cerebellar nucleus was seen in all 3 birds, as characterized by neuronal necrosis, vacuolation of the neuropil, gemistocytic astrocytosis, hemorrhage, and axonal swelling (spheroids) with demyelination. The liver from 1 finch was analyzed for ronidazole and its metabolite, 2-hydroxymethyl-1-methyl-5-nitroimidazole, by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Ronidazole was detected in the liver tissue at 2,700 ng/g (wet weight), and 2-hydroxymethyl-1-methyl-5-nitroimidazole was detected at 140 ng/g (wet weight).
Assuntos
Antiprotozoários/intoxicação , Doenças das Aves/induzido quimicamente , Tentilhões , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/veterinária , Ronidazole/intoxicação , Animais , Encéfalo/patologia , Overdose de Drogas , Histocitoquímica , Fígado/química , Masculino , Metais Pesados/análise , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/induzido quimicamente , Tricomoníase/tratamento farmacológico , Tricomoníase/veterináriaRESUMO
A 4-year-old Dutch warmblood mare was presented with a 10-month history of ataxia and proprioceptive deficits. Computed tomography defined a large, non-contrast enhancing mass in the left cerebral hemisphere. Necropsy examination revealed a tumour that effaced much of the piriform and temporal lobes. Microscopically the lesion was classified as a grade IV glioblastoma with an oligodendroglial component (GBM-O). The tumour was composed of highly pleomorphic cells organized in different patterns within a fibrillary stroma. There were multiple foci of necrosis. At the periphery of the tumour neoplastic oligodendroglioma-like cells were embedded in an extracellular mucinous matrix. Most neoplastic cells were strongly immunoreactive for glial fibrillary acidic protein; however, the oligodendroglioma cells did not express this marker. Cells forming microvascular proliferations were positively labelled for expression of factor VIII and smooth muscle actin. All neoplastic cells were negative for Neu-N and synaptophysin. The proliferation index was up to 5%. All neoplastic cells and normal brain tissue from the horse were uniformly negative for expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), EGFR vIII mutant and the phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) compared with positive control human GBM tissue. To our knowledge this is the first report of a GBM-O in the horse.