Use of flow diverter stent for treatment of a cervical carotid artery dissection and pseudoaneurysm causing Horner's syndrome.

A 28-year-old man in 2004 was identified with a spontaneous pseudoaneurysm and distal left cervical internal carotid artery (ICA) dissection. The patient was followed conservatively for 12 years with cross-sectional imaging. The patient was initially diagnosed with an acute left ICA dissection, with significant luminal narrowing. Follow-up imaging revealed the dissection was not completely healed, and a small pseudoaneurysm, about 4 mm in size, was formed in the distal left cervical ICA. During the 12-year observation period, the patient's pseudoaneurysm expanded from 4.0 mm to 9.0 mm, and the patient presented with ptosis, anisocoria and myosis. Flow diverter embolisation resulted in a radiographic cure of the pseudoaneurysm and resolution of Horner's syndrome.

Symptomatic scalp fistula present in a 14-month-old toddler.

This case report covers the resection of a pulsatile scalp fistula, in a 14-month-old toddler. We discuss the patient diagnosis, imaging techniques used, as well as the patient's surgical intervention. We highlight the aetiology of arteriovenous fistulas, while comparing and contrasting previous case reports and their interventions, to our own specific case.