RESUMO
Due to the advanced studies on stem cells in developmental biology, the roles of stem cells in the body and their phenotypes in related diseases have not been covered clearly. Meanwhile, with the intensive research on the mechanisms of stem cells in regulating various diseases, stem cell therapy is increasingly being attention because of its effectiveness and safety. As one of the most widely used stem cell in stem cell therapies, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation shows huge advantage in treatment of leukemia and other blood-malignant diseases. Besides, due to the effect of anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory, mesenchymal stem cells could be a potential therapeutic strategy for variety infectious diseases. In this review, we summarized the effects of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and its components on different types of adult stem cells and their downstream signaling pathways. Also, we reviewed the roles of different kinds of stem cells in various disease models caused by S. aureus, providing new insights for applying stem cell therapy to treat infectious diseases.
Assuntos
Staphylococcus aureus , Humanos , Animais , Inflamação/terapia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/terapia , Transdução de Sinais , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais/citologia , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais/metabolismoRESUMO
The interactions between gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) and proteins have been extensively investigated. Nevertheless, the structure-activity relationship between gold nanoclusters and proteins in terms of ligand isomerization remained unclear. Here, interactions between Au25NCs modified with para-, inter- and ortho-mercaptobenzoic acid (p/m/o-MBA-Au25NCs) and human serum albumin (HSA) were analyzed. The results of the multispectral approach showed that all three gold nanoclusters bound to the site I in dynamic modes to increase the stability of HSA. There were significant differences in the binding intensity, thermodynamic parameters, main driving forces, and binding ratios between these three gold nanoclusters and HSA, which might be related to the existence forms of the three ligands on the surface of AuNCs. Due to the different polarities of AuNCs themselves, the impact of three AuNCs on the microenvironment of amino acid residues in HSA was also different. It could be seen that ligand isomerization significantly affected the interactions between gold nanoclusters and proteins. This work will provide theoretical guidance for ligand selection and biological applications of metal nanoclusters.
Assuntos
Ouro , Nanopartículas Metálicas , Albumina Sérica Humana , Termodinâmica , Ouro/química , Humanos , Nanopartículas Metálicas/química , Ligantes , Albumina Sérica Humana/química , Albumina Sérica Humana/metabolismo , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Isomerismo , Ligação ProteicaRESUMO
Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical process implicated in the pathogenesis of retinal fibrosis and the exacerbation of diabetic retinopathy (DR) within retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells. Apigenin (AP), a potential dietary supplement for managing diabetes and its associated complications, has demonstrated inhibitory effects on EMT in various diseases. However, the specific impact and underlying mechanisms of AP on EMT in RPE cells remain poorly understood. In this study, we have successfully validated the inhibitory effects of AP on high glucose-induced EMT in ARPE-19 cells and diabetic db/db mice. Notably, our findings have identified CBP/p300 as a potential therapeutic target for EMT in RPE cells and have further substantiated that AP effectively downregulates the expression of EMT-related genes by attenuating the activity of CBP/p300, consequently reducing histone acetylation alterations within the promoter region of these genes. Taken together, our results provide novel evidence supporting the inhibitory effect of AP on EMT in RPE cells, and highlight the potential of specifically targeting CBP/p300 as a strategy for inhibiting retinal fibrosis in the context of DR.
Assuntos
Apigenina , Transição Epitelial-Mesenquimal , Glucose , Histonas , Epitélio Pigmentado da Retina , Transição Epitelial-Mesenquimal/efeitos dos fármacos , Epitélio Pigmentado da Retina/efeitos dos fármacos , Epitélio Pigmentado da Retina/metabolismo , Epitélio Pigmentado da Retina/patologia , Animais , Apigenina/farmacologia , Acetilação/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Glucose/metabolismo , Glucose/toxicidade , Histonas/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular , Camundongos , Fatores de Transcrição de p300-CBP/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição de p300-CBP/antagonistas & inibidores , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Retinopatia Diabética/metabolismo , Retinopatia Diabética/patologia , Retinopatia Diabética/tratamento farmacológico , Proteína p300 Associada a E1A/metabolismo , Masculino , Células Epiteliais/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Epiteliais/metabolismo , Células Epiteliais/patologia , Proteína de Ligação a CREB/metabolismo , Proteína de Ligação a CREB/genéticaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: To evaluate the diagnostic efficiency among the clinical model, the radiomics model and the nomogram that combined radiomics features, frozen section (FS) analysis and clinical characteristics for the prediction of lymph node (LN) metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). METHODS: A total of 208 patients were randomly divided into two groups randomly with a proportion of 7:3 for the training groups (n = 146) and the validation groups (n = 62). The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression was used for the selection of radiomics features extracted from ultrasound (US) images. Univariate and multivariate logistic analyses were used to select predictors associated with the status of LN. The clinical model, radiomics model and nomogram were subsequently established by logistic regression machine learning. The area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity were used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the different models. The Delong test was used to compare the AUC of the three models. RESULTS: Multivariate analysis indicated that age, size group, Adler grade, ACR score and the psammoma body group were independent predictors of lymph node metastasis (LNM). The results showed that in both the training and validation groups, the nomogram showed better performance than the clinical model, albeit not statistically significant (p > .05), and significantly outperformed the radiomics model (p < .05). However, the nomogram exhibits a slight improvement in sensitivity that could reduce the incidence of false negatives. CONCLUSION: We propose that the nomogram holds substantial promise as an effective tool for predicting LNM in patients with PTC.
Assuntos
Secções Congeladas , Metástase Linfática , Nomogramas , Câncer Papilífero da Tireoide , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide , Humanos , Feminino , Masculino , Metástase Linfática/diagnóstico por imagem , Câncer Papilífero da Tireoide/patologia , Câncer Papilífero da Tireoide/diagnóstico por imagem , Câncer Papilífero da Tireoide/secundário , Estudos Retrospectivos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/patologia , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto , Ultrassonografia , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Linfonodos/patologia , Linfonodos/diagnóstico por imagem , Tireoidectomia , Idoso , RadiômicaRESUMO
Although chronic osteomyelitis (COM) affecting the extremities is a frequently occurring disease, the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) arising from COM is rare. Consequently, understanding the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of such a disorder remains limited. In the present study, a case of COM-associated SCC was demonstrated. A 65-year-old woman arrived to the Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital (Guangzhou, China) with multiple sinus tracts and skin ulcers in the distal part of her left thigh, persisting for over 50 years following an open pierce injury by an ox horn. A local biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of COM-related SCC. Although limb amputation was recommended, the female patient declined initially. Instead, the female patient underwent focused debridement and wide resection of the tumor, followed by local implantation of calcium sulfate beads loaded with vancomycin and gentamycin, and application of a rail fixator. A total of 10 months later, the cancer recurred, affecting the osseous tissue. Subsequently, the patient underwent amputation of the thigh. At the one-year follow-up, the patient showed satisfactory recovery without signs of local recurrence. Despite its rarity, the severity of this disorder should not be underestimated. Personalized treatment strategies must be tailored to individual circumstances.