Interbank complex network and liquidity creation: Evidence from European banks.

Liquidity creation, as a core functions of banks, affects the stability of the financial system and economic development significantly. However, the existing literature has largely ignored the impact of complex interbank linkages on liquidity creation. This may distort the understanding of liquidity creation away from its essence to some extent in the context of an increasingly interconnected financial system. Using a sample of 1406 banks from 29 European countries during 2010-2021, we use a complex network to model the interbank market and study its impact on liquidity creation. Our results indicate that dominant borrowers in the network create less liquidity as a result of their more prudent liquidity management. Higher bank capital weakens this negative relationship due to its risk-absorbing capacity. Conversely, dominant lenders in the network create more liquidity because of their more optimistic expectations and more lax liquidity management. Higher non-interest income weakens this positive relationship because of the higher risk of non-traditional business, which requires banks to hold more precautionary liquidity. Moreover, we test for endogeneity and use the full sample to verify the robustness of our results.

Flocking dynamics and pattern motion for the Cucker-Smale system with distributed delays.

In this paper, a new class of Cucker-Smale systems with distributed delays are developed from the measurement perspective. By combining dissipative differential inequalities with a continuity argument, some new sufficient criteria for the flocking dynamics of the proposed model with general communication rate, especially the non-normalized rate, are established. In order to achieve the prescribed pattern motion, the driving force term is incorporated into the delayed collective system. Lastly, some examples and simulations are provided to illustrate the validity of the theoretical results.

Attractivity criterion on a delayed tick population dynamics equation with a reproductive function $ f(u) = ru

The aim of this article is to analyze the delay influence on the attraction for a scalar tick population dynamics equation accompanying two disparate delays. Taking advantage of the fluctuation lemma and some dynamic inequalities, we derive a criterion to assure the persistence and positiveness on the considered model. Furthermore, a time-lag-dependent condition is proposed to insure the global attractivity for the addressed model. Besides, we give some simulation diagrams to substantiate the validity of the theoretical outcomes.

The association among apathy, leisure activity participation, and severity of dementia in nursing home residents with Alzheimer's disease: A cross-sectional study.

The purpose of this study was to examine 1) the relationship between apathy and leisure activity participation in nursing home residents with Alzheimer disease (AD) and 2) the moderator effect of the severity of dementia on this relationship. Data were collected from 290 residents with AD using the Apathy Evaluation Scale-informant version (AES-I), Leisure Activities Questionnaire (LAQ), and Clinical Dementia Rating scale (CDR). The multiple linear regression model showed that leisure activity participation (ß=-0.452, p<0.001) was negatively associated with apathy, while the severity of dementia (ß=0.515, p<0.001) was positively associated with apathy. The severity of dementia moderated the effect of leisure activity participation on apathy (ß=-0.108, p=0.015). The results indicate that the effects of leisure activity participation on apathy diminish with the aggravation of AD. The severity of dementia should be considered when designing and delivering leisure activity interventions to manage apathy in nursing home residents with AD.

Systemic Importance of China's Financial Institutions: A Jump Volatility Spillover Network Review.

The investigation of the systemic importance of financial institutions (SIFIs) has become a hot topic in the field of financial risk management. By making full use of 5-min high-frequency data, and with the help of the method of entropy weight technique for order preference by similarities to ideal solution (TOPSIS), this paper builds jump volatility spillover network of China's financial institutions to measure the SIFIs. We find that: (i) state-owned depositories and large insurers display SIFIs according to the score of entropy weight TOPSIS; (ii) total connectedness of financial institution networks reveal that Industrial Bank, Ping An Bank and Pacific Securities play an important role when financial market is under pressure, especially during the subprime crisis, the European sovereign debt crisis and China's stock market disaster; (iii) an interesting finding shows that some small financial institutions are also SIFIs during the financial crisis and cannot be ignored.

Global convergence dynamics of almost periodic delay Nicholson's blowflies systems.

We take into account nonlinear density-dependent mortality term and patch structure to deal with the global convergence dynamics of almost periodic delay Nicholson's blowflies system in this paper. To begin with, we prove that the solutions of the addressed system exist globally and are bounded above. What's more, by the methods of Lyapunov function and analytical techniques, we establish new criteria to check the existence and global attractivity of the positive asymptotically almost periodic solution. In the end, we arrange an example to illustrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the obtained results.

Effect of impulsive controls in a model system for age-structured population over a patchy environment.

In this paper, a very general model of impulsive delay differential equations in n-patches is rigorously derived to describe the impulsive control of population of a single species over n-patches. The model allows an age structure consisting of immatures and matures, and also considers mobility and culling of both matures and immatures. Conditions are obtained for extinction and persistence of the model system under three special scenarios: (1) without impulsive control; (2) with impulsive culling of the immatures only; and (3) with impulsive culling of the matures only, respectively. In the case of persistence, the persistence level is also estimated for the systems in the case of identical n patches, by relating the issue to the dynamics of multi-dimensional maps. Two illustrative examples and their numerical simulations are given to show the effectiveness of the results. Based on the theoretical results, some strategies of impulsive culling are provided to eradicate the population of a pest species.

Stability analysis of switched cellular neural networks: A mode-dependent average dwell time approach.

This paper addresses the exponential stability of switched cellular neural networks by using the mode-dependent average dwell time (MDADT) approach. This method is quite different from the traditional average dwell time (ADT) method in permitting each subsystem to have its own average dwell time. Detailed investigations have been carried out for two cases. One is that all subsystems are stable and the other is that stable subsystems coexist with unstable subsystems. By employing Lyapunov functionals, linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), Jessen-type inequality, Wirtinger-based inequality, reciprocally convex approach, we derived some novel and less conservative conditions on exponential stability of the networks. Comparing to ADT, the proposed MDADT show that the minimal dwell time of each subsystem is smaller and the switched system stabilizes faster. The obtained results extend and improve some existing ones. Moreover, the validness and effectiveness of these results are demonstrated through numerical simulations.

Stability Analysis of SIR Model with Distributed Delay on Complex Networks.

In this paper, by taking full consideration of distributed delay, demographics and contact heterogeneity of the individuals, we present a detailed analytical study of the Susceptible-Infected-Removed (SIR) epidemic model on complex population networks. The basic reproduction number [Formula: see text] of the model is dominated by the topology of the underlying network, the properties of individuals which include birth rate, death rate, removed rate and infected rate, and continuously distributed time delay. By constructing suitable Lyapunov functional and employing Kirchhoff's matrix tree theorem, we investigate the globally asymptotical stability of the disease-free and endemic equilibrium points. Specifically, the system shows threshold behaviors: if [Formula: see text], then the disease-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable, otherwise the endemic equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable. Furthermore, the obtained results show that SIR models with different types of delays have different converge time in the process of contagion: if [Formula: see text], then the system with distributed time delay stabilizes fastest; while [Formula: see text], the system with distributed time delay converges most slowly. The validness and effectiveness of these results are demonstrated through numerical simulations.

Convergence dynamics of stochastic Cohen-Grossberg neural networks with unbounded distributed delays.

This paper addresses the issue of the convergence dynamics of stochastic Cohen-Grossberg neural networks (SCGNNs) with white noise, whose state variables are described by stochastic nonlinear integro-differential equations. With the help of Lyapunov functional, semi-martingale theory, and inequality techniques, some novel sufficient conditions on pth moment exponential stability and almost sure exponential stability for SCGNN are given. Furthermore, as byproducts of our main results, some sufficient conditions for checking stability of deterministic CGNNs with unbounded distributed delays have been established. Especially, even when the spectral radius of the coefficient matrix is greater than 1, in some cases our theory is also effective.