Association of non-HDL-C and depression: a cross-sectional analysis of the NHANES data.

Objectives: Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) has attracted attention because it is associated with a variety of diseases and is easy to measure. However, the relationship between non-HDL-C and depression is still unclear. Our aim was to assess the relationship between non-HDL-C and depression using the cross-sectional NHANES survey from 2005 to 2018. Methods: We examined the association between non-HDL-C and depression using weighted multivariable logistic regression models and subgroup analysis. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated the robustness of the results. Results: There were 42,143 participants in this study and 8.6% had depression (weighted 7.53%). Non-HDL-C was higher in participants with depression compared to those without depression (weighted mean 3.64 vs. 3.73, p < 0.01). There was a positive association between non-HDL-C and depression with a 95% OR of 1.22 adjusted for multifactorial (95% CI,1.03-1.45). In subgroup analyses, non-HDL-C was positively associated with depression in men (OR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.01-1.70), normal BMI (OR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.66-1.32) and in participants without hypertension (OR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.01-1.66). Conclusion: Non-HDL-C positively correlated with depression, and further research may be better for clinical service.

The Association between Physical Activity and Cognitive Function: Data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey.

Background: Decreased cognitive function is a common problem in the old adults, which has high risk of progression to Alzheimer's diseases (AD) and other dementias. This study was aimed at finding out the association between physical activity and cognitive function. Methods: In total, 1514 participants with the age ≥ 55 years old registered in the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) database were selected in this study. The association between physical activity and cognitive function was analyzed via the generalized additive model. The association between the variables and the cognitive function score was expressed as ß coefficient with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: After adjusting age, ethnicity, stratum, marital status, education, memory status, and memory changes, the cognitive function score was increased by 0.011 points for every 1-point increase in domestic score (ß = 0.011, P = 0.043). Subgroup analysis indicated that in the female group, for every 1-point increase in the domestic score, the cognitive function score increased by 0.019 points (ß = 0.019, P = 0.017). In people with good memory status, each 1-point increase in domestic score increased the cognitive function score of 0.020 points (ß = 0.020, P = 0.017). Conclusions: The decreased cognitive function was correlated with decreased domestic physical activity. The increased domestic physical activity was associated with an increased cognitive function in females and people with good memory status. The findings might offer a reference for deep understanding of the association between physical activity and cognitive function.

Fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) alterations in young depressed patients with suicide attempts after cognitive behavioral therapy and antidepressant medication cotherapy: A resting-state fMRI study.

BACKGROUND: Fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) alterations in young depressed patients with suicide attempts after cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and antidepressant medication cotherapy were evaluated. METHODS: Seventy-eight subjects (age: 18-28) were recruited from April 2017 to March 2019. Forty young depressed patients who attempted suicide were divided into CBT (8 weeks of structured CBT sessions and antidepressant medication cotherapy) and monotherapy (MG: antidepressant therapy alone) groups, and 38 healthy volunteers constituted a healthy control (HC) group. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) was conducted before and after treatment. RESULTS: Before treatment, spontaneous brain activity in the left posterior cerebellar lobe (L-PCL), right anterior cingulate cortex, left caudate nucleus and left superior frontal cortex was higher in untreated patients than in HCs. After treatment, fALFF in the left middle occipital cortex and left precuneus was significantly increased in the CBT compared with the HC group. fALFF in the right middle frontal cortex, right inferior frontal cortex, l-PCL, and left anterior cerebellar lobe (L-ACL) were increased, while fALFF in the l-mPFC and l-SgACC were reduced, in the CBT compared with the MG group. Pearson correlation analyses provided information about clinical scale scores and mean fALFF relationships. LIMITATIONS: There was insufficient evidence to confirm that these spontaneous brain activity alterations were the result of CBT or spontaneous recovery. CONCLUSION: CBT and medication cotherapy can significantly change spontaneous activity in the left cerebellum and default-mode network, thereby regulating and reshaping emotional and cognitive processing.