RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Clearance of damaged cells and debris is beneficial for the functional recovery after ischemic brain injury. However, the specific phagocytic receptor that mediates microglial phagocytosis after ischemic stroke is unknown. AIM: To investigate whether P2Y6 receptor-mediated microglial phagocytosis is beneficial for the debris clearance and functional recovery after ischemic stroke. RESULTS: The expression of the P2Y6 receptor in microglia increased within 3 days after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. Inhibition of microglial phagocytosis by the selective inhibitor MRS2578 enlarged the brain atrophy and edema volume after ischemic stroke, subsequently aggravated neurological function as measured by modified neurological severity scores and Grid walking test. MRS2578 treatment had no effect on the expression of IL-1α, IL-1ß, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, TGF-ß, and MPO after ischemic stroke. Finally, we found that the expression of myosin light chain kinase decreased after microglial phagocytosis inhibition in the ischemic mouse brain, which suggested that myosin light chain kinase was involved in P2Y6 receptor-mediated phagocytosis. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that P2Y6 receptor-mediated microglial phagocytosis plays a beneficial role during the acute stage of ischemic stroke, which can be a therapeutic target for ischemic stroke.
Assuntos
Lesões Encefálicas/metabolismo , Isquemia Encefálica/metabolismo , Microglia/metabolismo , Fagocitose/fisiologia , Receptores Purinérgicos P2/biossíntese , Animais , Lesões Encefálicas/patologia , Isquemia Encefálica/patologia , Células Cultivadas , Técnicas de Cocultura , Isotiocianatos/farmacologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos ICR , Microglia/patologia , Fagocitose/efeitos dos fármacos , Tioureia/análogos & derivados , Tioureia/farmacologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To develop a method of quality control for Hugan qingzhi tablets. METHODS: Fructus Crataegi, Rhizoma Alismatis and Radix Notoginseng were identified by TLC. HPLC was used for the determination of ursolic acid in Hugan qingzhi tablets. RESULTS: The chromatographic spots were identified without the interference of negative control. Ursolic acid had a good linearity over the concentration range of 40-200 microg/mL (r = 1.000). The average recoveries was 99.05% with relatively standard deviations of 1.3%. CONCLUSION: This method is reliable, accurate and specific and can be used for the quality control of Hugan qingzhi tablets.
Assuntos
Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/química , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/normas , Hipolipemiantes/química , Hipolipemiantes/normas , Plantas Medicinais , Triterpenos/análise , Alisma/química , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Cromatografia em Camada Fina , Crataegus/química , Combinação de Medicamentos , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/administração & dosagem , Hipolipemiantes/administração & dosagem , Panax notoginseng/química , Plantas Medicinais/química , Controle de Qualidade , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Rizoma/química , Comprimidos , Ácido UrsólicoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To establish a microemulsion liquid chromatography system with direct sample loading for determining the serum level of emodin in rats. METHODS: The separation was performed on C18 column (Hypersil BDS, 5 µm,150 mm×4.6 mm) with the microemulsion mobile phase consisting of 3.3% (w/V) SDS, 6.6% (V/V) n-butyl alcohol, and 1.0% (V/V) octane and water. The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min and the detection wavelength was 254 nm. RESULTS: The linear range of emodin detection was 0.333-5.32 µg/ml. The average recovery was 99.65% with a RSD of 3.60%. The limit of quantification was 0.1386 µg/mL. CONCLUSION: Microemulsion liquid chromatography system with direct sample loading allows simple, accurate and rapid determination of emodin in rat serum.