RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Acne is one of the most common skin problems among human populations. A facial cleanser formulated with alkyl ether carboxylate (AEC) and alkyl carboxylate (AC) can improve acne by cleansing sebum on facial skin but cannot effectively remove keratotic plugs in the skin pores. Recently, we confirmed that Tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane and L-arginine (Tris/Arg) is able to reduce sebum levels, disrupt keratotic plugs in vitro and decrease pore size on facial skin. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of the Tris/Arg-formulated cleanser with the AEC/AC cleanser in Thai subjects with acne. METHODS: We designed a randomized, double-blind, controlled, parallel trial. Thirty-four male Thai subjects with mild to moderate acne were assigned to one of two groups: one group used the Tris/Arg cleanser while the other used the AEC/AC-based cleanser twice a day for 4 weeks. RESULTS: After 4 weeks, significant decreases in noninflammatory acne were observed in both groups, yet significant decreases in inflammatory acne were only observed in the Tris/Arg cleanser group. The sebum level prior to and 30 minutes after facial washing showed no change in either group. The average pore size with keratotic plugs on the cheeks was significantly decreased in the Tris/Arg group. More than half of subjects in both groups observed acne improvement but more subjects in the Tris/Arg group noted pore size improvement. CONCLUSION: The Tris/Arg formulated cleanser has a high efficacy for significantly reducing both noninflammatory and inflammatory acne accompanied by decreases in pore size with keratotic plugs in male Thai subjects.
Assuntos
Acne Vulgar/tratamento farmacológico , Arginina/administração & dosagem , Cosmecêuticos/administração & dosagem , Higiene da Pele/métodos , Trometamina/administração & dosagem , Acne Vulgar/diagnóstico , Adulto , Arginina/efeitos adversos , Ácidos Carboxílicos/administração & dosagem , Ácidos Carboxílicos/efeitos adversos , Cosmecêuticos/efeitos adversos , Cosmecêuticos/química , Método Duplo-Cego , Humanos , Masculino , Sebo/efeitos dos fármacos , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Pele/efeitos dos fármacos , Higiene da Pele/efeitos adversos , Tailândia , Resultado do Tratamento , Trometamina/efeitos adversos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Highly-sensitive detection of a K-ras point mutation in codon 12, frequently found in pancreatic cancer, based on DNA-carrying hydrogel microspheres as a response enhancer for surface plasmon resonance (SPR), is described. Acrylamide-based microspheres with carboxyl groups were conjugated with DNA probes. Use of the DNA-carrying microsphere in the sandwich method, that is, binding of the microspheres with target DNAs at the sensor surface, enhanced the SPR response as a combined result of increased dielectric constant by the DNA-carrying microspheres. Microspheres lead to response enhancement, as shown by a 100-fold increase in sensitivity compared to that of non-amplified DNA target hybridization. In addition, the advantage of peptide nucleic acid (PNA) in the detection of a K-ras point mutation at the sensor surface by increasing temperature and flow rate is discussed. Results illustrate that the sandwich method through DNA-carrying microspheres for a SPR sensor is a promising approach for ultrasensitive DNA detection.