Lateral Collateral Ligament and Biceps Femoris Tendon Fixation with a Suture Anchor to the Tibial Metaphysis after Proximal Fibula En Bloc Resections Preserve Lateral Knee Stability.

This study aims to analyze the functional outcomes and lateral knee stability of patients who underwent lateral collateral ligament (LCL) and biceps femoris tendon reconstruction with suture anchors after proximal fibula en bloc resection for bone tumors. Patients who underwent proximal fibular en bloc resection between 2007 and 2018 were retrospectively viewed. Patients were invited to visit the clinic, and their functional scores were evaluated using the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society Scoring (MSTS) system. Lateral knee stability was evaluated by varus stress radiographs obtained at 20 degrees of flexion, and the range of motion (ROM) of the bilateral knee was assessed. Side-to-side differences were graded according to the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) criteria and compared between types I and II resections. A total of 17 patients (4 males and 13 females) with a mean age of 31.1 ± 17.1 (range: 13-65) years at the time of surgery were available for radiological and clinical examination at a mean follow-up of 68.6 ± 36.4 (range: 22-124) months after surgery. In terms of ROM measurements, IKDC grades and side-to-side differences in both flexion and extension were not significantly different between the groups. On varus stress radiographs, lateral knee gapping was measured to be 0.93 ± 0.91 mm in type-I resections and 1.83 ± 0.45 mm in type-II resections, and statistically significant differences were detected among the groups (p = 0.039). When the values were graded according to IKDC criteria, none of the knees were classified as abnormal, and no difference was observed between the groups. Mean MSTS score of patients with type-I resections was significantly higher than those of patients with type-II resections (92.7 vs. 84.4%, p = 0.021). In the subscale analysis, a significant difference was observed in the support scores (type I = 94.5%, type II = 70%; p = 0.001). The reattachment of LCL and biceps femoris tendon to the tibial metaphysis with a suture anchor is a simple and effective method to prevent lateral knee instability after proximal fibula resections.

Sagittal spinal alignment after total hip arthroplasty for neglected high hip dysplasia: does changing the distorted mechanics of the hip normalize spinal alignment?

PURPOSE: The false acetabulum lies more laterally and posteriorly compared with the true acetabulum. Spatial orientation of the pelvis is significantly altered in patients with neglected high hip dysplasia. There has been no study to investigate how pelvic or sagittal spinal alignment change after true acetabulum gains function with hip arthroplasty. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of total hip arthroplasty with femoral shortening on spinopelvic parameters in patients with neglected high hip dysplasia. METHODS: Twenty patients with Crowe type 3 or 4 hip dysplasia, who underwent total hip arthroplasty with femoral shortening in our institution were evaluated preoperatively after completion of rehabilitation and return to their normal daily life. Sagittal alignment (sacral slope, pelvic incidence, global tilt, segmental lordosis, segmental kyphosis, GAP score) and coronal alignment angles (coronal tilt, Cobb angle) of patients were measured by two independent observers. RESULTS: Twenty patients underwent hip arthroplasty with femoral shortening followed up for a minimum of 12 months. We found higher preoperative global lordosis (68.7 ± 9.7) and sacral slope (52.1 ± 8.8) angles, but the pelvic incidences (57.9 ± 10.1) were in the normal range. No statistically significant difference in any sagittal spinopelvic parameters between pre- and postoperative measurements was detected. GAP scores also did not change significantly (p = 0.231). Coronal plane parameters (Cobb angle, coronal pelvic tilt) were the only parameters in which a statistical change was observed (p = 0.02, p = 0.05, respectively). CONCLUSION: Lumbar lordosis and sacral slope values are outside standard ranges in patients with neglected dysplasia of the hip. The reconstruction of the distorted mechanics of the hip joint does not normalize sagittal pelvic and spine anatomy however improvements in coronal alignment were observed. Disease specific values of sagittal spinal alignment should be used in the treatment of lumbar degenerative problems in patients with neglected high hip dysplasia. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.

Risk factors for cut-out of double lag screw fixation in proximal femoral fractures.

OBJECTIVE: We assessed factors associated with cut-out after internal fixation of proximal femoral fractures using double lag screw nails. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: A university hospital. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with non-pathological intertrochanteric femur fractures and a minumum 90days follow-up who underwent internal fixation with dual lag screw nails were included. Potential risk factors for lag screw cut-out investigated by our study were: age, gender, body mass index, comorbidities (American Society of Anesthesiologists [ASA] classification), type of fracture (AO/OTA classification), fracture stability, side, operation time, implant length, reduction quality, tip-apex distance (TAD), and lag screw configuration. Logistic regression was used to investigate potential predictors of screw cut-out. RESULTS: Eighty-five of the 118 patients with hip fractures treated between February 2010 and November 2013 at our institution met the inclusion criteria for the study. Fifty-eight patients were female (68.2%), mean age was 77.4 (range: 50-95 years), mean follow up was 380days (range: 150days-2.5 years), and cut of was observed in 9 patients (10.5%). The following variables identified through univariate analysis with p<0.2 were included in multivariant logistic regression model: age, side, reduction quality, implant length, TAD and ASA score. Only TAD (p=0.003) was found to be significant in the multivariant model. CONCLUSIONS: Our study confirmed that risk factors for cut-out with single-lag screw devices are also applicable to dual-lag screw implants. We found that TAD was a significant factor for cut-out in dual-lag screw implants. Thus, screw cut-out can be minimized by optimizing screw position.