[FEDERAL CLINICAL RECOMMENDATIONS IN DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF HEARING LOSS DUE TO NOISE].

Noise induced hearing loss is a slowly developing hearing impairment, caused by occupational exposure to excessive noise levels, constitutes a lesion of the auditory analyzer and clinically manifested as chronic bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Currently, there is not a treatment that provide a cure of sensorineural hearing loss. Regular, individually tailored treatment should be directed to the pathogenic mechanisms and specific clinical symptoms of hearing loss, as well as the prevention of complications. We recommend using non-drug therapies that can improve blood flow in labyrinth, tissue and cellular metabolism.

Scientific priorities formation in International Committee on Occupational medicine.

The article presents information on activities of International Committee on Occupational medicine - history of its foundation, development and formation, main scientific goals and studies.

[Mortality parameters of patients with occupational diseases and evaluation of medical care quality].

The authors analyzed mortality parameters among occupational disease patients in coal industry over 1968- 2014 (9271 cases). Findings are significant increase in age and length of service in workers first registered in occupational pathology center, and 6-fold decrease of life span from occupational disease diagnosis till death. The authors necessitate specification and implementation of follow-up procedure in workers with high occupational risk-and in occupational diseases patients, and complex medical rehabilitation for individuals with primary stage of occupational diseases.

[Russian Federation implementation of WHO global efforts plan on workers health care].

The article deals with problems of implementing global WHO efforts plan on workers health care, Target program of World Labor Organization on work and occupational environment safety "For safe labor", some WLO conventions. The authors justify priority directions of governmental policy on health care for working population in Russia.

[To 70th anniversary of the Victory: activities of V.A. Obukh Central Institute for Industrial hygiene and Occupational diseases with USSR Narkomzdrav during Great Patriotic War].

The article covers data on activities of scientists and staffers of VA. Obukh Central Institute for Industrial hygiene and Occupational diseases with USSR Narkomzdrav during Great Patriotic War, on role of occupational therapists and hygienists in solving problems of better medical and sanitary care for workers engaged into defence industry.

[Criteria for the assessment of the noise-induced occupational hearing loss: international and national standards].

The objective of the present paper was to review international and national standards for the criteria of assessment of the noise-induced occupational loss of hearing. The importance of healthy hearing for the occupational safety is emphasized which implies the necessity of the more rigorous criteria for hearing conservation in the workers engaged in the noisy technological environment compared with those for the general population. A rationale for the development of the standard program of hearing conservation in the workers engaged in the noisy technological environment is proposed including hygienic norms and rules or national state standards.

[Features of hemostasis system and vascular epithelium growth factor in arterial hypertension with high occupational risk].

Study covered vascular, platelet, coagulation and fibrinolytic parts of hemostasis and vascular endothelial growth factor in individuals with arterial hypertension in various occupational groups.

[Mortality of working age population in Russia and indusrial countries in Europe: trends of the last two decades].

AIM: The purpose of the study was to carry out comparative analysis of the status and trends in mortality of male and female population of working age (15-59 (54) years) in Russia and the EU-27. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Based on official Russian (Rosstat) data, on the global database of the World Health Organization's cause of death (The WHO Mortality Database, WHOMD) and databases The Human Mortality Database (HMD) of the sex-age composition of the population and the number of deaths from certain causes of death by age and sex standardized (direct method) mortality rates of working age population from selected causes of death for 1990 and 2011 in Russia and the average for the EU-27 were calculated. RESULTS: Analysis of trends in mortality of male and female population of working age in Russia over the past two decades shows that, despite the positive changes in during last six years, in 2011, age-standardized mortality rates remained above the 1990 level for most causes of death. During the same period in the EU-27 mortality in men (15-59 years) and women (15-54 years) increased from almost all causes ofdeath, which led to an even greatergap between Russia and developed countries on this indicator: standardized mortality rate of the male population of Russia in 1990 was higher than in the EU-27 by 2.1 times, and by 2011 the gap had increased to 3.5 times. The women in the 1990 had 1.5 times higher standardized mortality rates, and by 2011 the gap had increased to 2.7 times. CONCLUSION: Despite a steady decline in the mortality rates of working age population after 2005, its level in 2012 was still higher than the one of 1990 for both men and women, which led to a further increase in the gap between the age-standardized coefficients of mortality rate of working age population in Russia and the countries of European Community-27 (15-59 (54)). Faster reduction of mortality rate in the working age population will preserve Russian population and its labor potential.

[International scientific activity of Occupational Medicine Research Institute in 2014].

The article presents results of international scrientific cooperation of the Institute in 2014, including participation in international conferences, forums, congresses.

[Protecting health of workers and predictive preventive personified medicine].

Industrial medicine is an integrated sphere of preventive medicine, aimed to regulate health of workers and concerned with scentific basis and practical application of means and methods to preserve and improve workers' health. The article covers major research trends in workers' health preservation, results of fundamental studies on pathogenetic mechanisms and developmental patterns of contemporary occupational and industrial pathologies, prospects of predictive personified trend development and its application in industrial medicine.

[Institute role in occupational health and industrial ecology scientific investigation development. International and national aspects].

The analyses of Institute activity main directions are briefly presented as well as Institute role in preventive medicine development, occupational health and industrial ecology key problems solving, international collaboration development, and WHO Global Plan of Action on Workers' Health 2008-2017 realization in the Russian Federation.

[Development of social hygienic research in industrial medicine].

The article covers history of establishment and development of social hygienic research in Industrial Medicine Research Institute with RAMSc over last 90 years. The materials deal with founders and leaders of Social Hygienic research laboratory in various periods, with history of occupational morbidity studies, with development and results of social hygienic studies, organization of occupational therapy service in Russia, studies concerning remote effects of occupational hazards through analytic epidemiology methods, with considerably restricted possibilities in studies of relationships (especially remote) between work conditions and workers' health nowadays due to implemented law on personal data and new approaches to evaluation of industrial hazards effects on health.

[Working conditions and mortality among men of working age in Russia (experience of Murmansk region)].

PURPOSE: To study the mortality of the male population of working age in the industrial cities depending on the specifics of the town-forming enterprises. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In three cities in the Murmansk region, where the town-forming enterprises of non-ferrous metallurgy (Monchegorsk, Kandalaksha) and the mining industry (Kirovsk) are located, the capital of the region (Murmansk), and in the country as a whole has been studied of mortality on average for 6-year period (2000-2005) age-standardized death rates (direct method). RESULTS: Comparative analysis of the causes and death rates in males of working age has shown that in all the studied cities of Murmansk region there were higher death rates in men of working age from diseases of the circulatory system (in 1,3-2,0 times) and diseases of the respiratory system (in 1,1-1,8 times) in comparison with Russia. In industrial cities, compared with Murmansk, higher death rates of male population of working age from causes which etiologically are connected with harmful factors of manufacture have been registered: from cardiovascular diseases--in 1,1-1,5 times and respiratory diseases--in 1,2-1,6 times. In cities where non-ferrous metallurgy enterprises are located, concerning to cancerogenic, death rates from malignant neoplasms have been raised in 1,2-1,4 times. This happens, in particular, in Monchegorsk where Open Joint-Stock Company "Severonickel Combine" enterprise is located. Mortality from lip, oral cavity and pharynx cancer raised in 1,8 times: the localization specific at influence of nickel.

[Polymorphism of genes of the system of biotransformation of xenobiotics in patients with occupational allergic dermatoses].

Evaluation of genes polymorphic system of xenobiotics biotransformation in patients with occupational allergodermatoses showed significantly higher percentage of incidence of polymorphic variants of genes CYP 1A1 *2C and EPHX1 AND-415G compared with population control. A combination of 3 or more adverse hetero--and homozygous gene alleles CYP 1A1, CYP3A4, EPHX1 and deletions of genes GSTM1 and GSTT1, is characterized by earlier (with the experience of work in harmful conditions up to 5 years) development, severe and unfavorable prognosis of occupational pathology of the skin.

[Concept of long-term social and economic development until 2020 ("Strategy 2020") and health preservation for workers in Russia].

The article represents goals set in a Concept of long-term social and economic development of Russian Federation until 2020 ("Strategy 2020") on transfer to innovative socially oriented type of economic development and human potential advancement in Russia, analysis of contemporary state of work conditions and workers' safety, ways to solve problems on health care and protection for working population as a basis for competitiveness of Russian economy.

[Old age workers].

The author demonstrates that in conditions of demographic aging an important contribution in solving the task set in "Strategy 2020" on more efficient usage of working resources could be involvement of occupational potential of old age workers, e.g. through changeable working schedules, outwork and distance work. With that, employment level at old age should consider performance level, health state and psycho-physiologic potential of the certain age group.

[Contemporary aspects of maintenance and promotion of health of the workers employed at the aluminum production enterprises].

The exposure of the combined occupational hazards on the workers of aluminum plants results in the development of the occupational chronic diseases of bronchopulmonary and bone systems and oncopathology. Pathogenetic mechanisms of the toxic exposure of fluorides on the body as well as molecular and cellular structures are presented.

[The issues of workers reproductive health protection from harmful occupational and enviromenral exposures].

The problem of workers reproductive health protection from harmful occupational and environmental exposures is amongst the national priorities due to demographic situation in Russia and decrease of the manpower. Some issues of women's reproductive health disorders are considered from occupational health standpoint. The demographic and epidemiological data on pregnancy course and outcome, birth defects, children's morbidity etc. are presented and discussed. Some proposal as to risk management and medical surveillance of reproductive health, including legal instruments are put forward.