[School bullying]. / Le harcèlement scolaire. Problématique fréquente dans les cours de récréation mais encore si complexe à résoudre...

School bullying consists of harassment behaviours in a school setting and is characterized by violence acts, mockery or even humiliations between students. More recently, with the development of new technologies, our society has seen the cyber-bullying born. This new type of harassment "on-line" comes and intersects the harassment at school. After the description of a clinical situation, we describe the impact of this phenomenon on the different actors concerned, the lines for prevention and for appropriate support.

Le harcèlement scolaire regroupe des comportements de harcèlement en milieu scolaire et est caractérisé par des violences, des moqueries ou encore des humiliations entre élèves. Plus récemment, avec le développement des nouvelles technologies, notre société a vu éclore le cyber-harcèlement, qui vient s'entrecroiser avec le harcèlement scolaire. Après la description d'une situation clinique, nous décrivons l'impact de ce phénomène sur les différents acteurs concernés, les pistes de prévention et de prise en charge.

Development of a Postpartum Stressor Measure.

To develop a brief self-report assessment of the type and magnitude of stressors during the postpartum period. A cross-sectional study of a convenience sample of 138 women at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, MA completed a measure of postpartum stressors at their 6-week postpartum visit. Item analyses were conducted; items were eliminated based on low relevance, low endorsement, and cross-loadings, resulting in a 9-item measure. Items were summed to create a total postpartum stressors score. To establish concurrent validity with perceived stress, the total postpartum stressors score was correlated with the 4-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-4). The stressors score was tested for bivariate associations with depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-2) and with social support (three items adapted from the MOS Social Support Scale). The 9-item measure, which was comprised of three factors (baby care, well-being, and work) demonstrated good reliability (Cronbach's α = .74) and concurrent validity with the PSS-4 (r = .53; p < .001) in the current sample. The stressors total score was negatively associated with social support (p < .001) and was positively associated with depression symptoms (p < .001). The early psychometric results on this measure are promising and associated with postpartum social support and depressive symptoms. With additional research to enhance external validity, this measure could be used and tested in an intervention study at the 6-week postpartum visit to identify women at risk for distress.

[Mutism]. / Mutisme(s).

Mutism is a symptom we see in consultation for an absence or lack of langage acquisition and/or for relationship problems (isolation, withdrawal, crisis when breaking up) alerting the family. The differential diagnosis is complex and mutism can be symptomatic of several personality psychopathological structures. After a literature review, we shall describe three clinical cases and discuss the difficult approach to this symptom, its psychopathological features, as well as its pronostic and therapeutic aspects".

[Autistic or attachment disorders? An ill-defined border]. / Troubles autistiques ou troubles de l'attachement? Une frontière floue et mal définie.

We report 3 cases of 3- to 5-year-old children with symptoms suggesting an autistic disorder (language delay or absence of language, communication withdrawal and developmental delay). We believe that these cases should be preferentially interpreted in terms of attachment disorder with autistic withdrawal rather than pure autistic disorder. Their prognosis is far better than pure autistic disorders. We discuss the differential diagnosis between autistic and attachment disorders.