RESUMO
UEFA Euro 2020 tournament was scheduled to take place in 2020, but due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was rescheduled to start on 11 June 2021. Approximately 4500 Finnish spectators participated, travelling between Finland and Russia during the period of 16 to 30 June to attend matches played on 16 and 21 June. A total of 419 persons returning from Russia or with a connection to Russia were detected positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Of the 321 sequenced samples 303 turned out to be of the Delta variant. None of these cases was hospitalised. In the following weeks findings of the Delta variant increased rapidly. Thus, EURO 2020 travel-related imported cases likely facilitated this rapid surge of Delta variant, but this impact would likely have been seen with the typical increase in the number of travellers entering Finland later in the summer.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Finlândia/epidemiologia , Humanos , Federação Russa/epidemiologia , SARS-CoV-2 , Viagem , Doença Relacionada a ViagensRESUMO
Objetivo: Describir las características y el comportamiento de la infección por VIH/SIDA en la jurisdicción de la Dirección de Salud (DISA) Lima Ciudad, departamento de Lima, Perú e identificar localidades de mayor riesgo. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, transversal. Se usaron los datos de las fichas de notificación individual VIH/SIDA dela jurisdicción de la DISA Lima Ciudad ingresados en el Sistema NOTI de la Oficina General de Epidemiología delMinisterio de Salud. Se incluyeron todos los casos de VIH/SIDA notificados y que residían en uno de los 13 distritos de la jurisdicción durante el periodo de estudio. Resultados: La DISA Lima Ciudad notifica el 40 por ciento de los casos a nivel nacional y de éstos el 40 por ciento corresponde a casos VIH/SIDA que residen en la jurisdicción. Se encontró una prevalenciaglobal jurisdiccional de 2,82 por 1000, siendo los distritos de Surquillo (4,73 por 1.000) y Lima-Cercado (4,70 por 1000) los que registran la mayor prevalencia. En cuanto a la incidencia, en el 2004 se registraron las cifras más altas en los distritos de Lima-Cercado (70,05 por 100 000) y La Victoria (45,05 por 100 000). El sexo masculino predomina entre los casos notificados. La principal vía de transmisión es la sexual, siendo más frecuente en heterosexuales. Conclusiones: El distrito de Lima Cercado presenta el mayor riesgo de expansión del VIH/SIDA por lo que se debe promocionar el sexo seguro, especialmente en la población heterosexual. Se recomienda mejorar la calidad de los registros de notificación y seguimiento de casos desde que se detectan como VIH.
Objective: To describe characteristics and behavior of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in Downtown Lima Health Area, Lima Department, Peru, and to identify areas with a greater risk. Methods: Descriptive and crosssectional study. Data entered in the NOTI System in the General Epidemiology Office of the Ministry of Health from individual report forms in Downtown Lima Health Area was assessed. All notified cases of HIV/AIDS living in one of the 13 districts served by the aforementioned Health Area. software. Results: Downtown Lima Health Area reports 40% of all Peruvian cases of HIV/AIDS, and 40% of these cases currently live within its jurisdiction. A 2,82 per 1000 global prevalence was found, and Surquillo and Downtown had the highest prevalence figures (4,73 and 4,70 per 1000). With respect to HIV/AIDS incidence, in 2004 the highest case tools were found in Downtown Lima (70,05 per 100 000) and La Victoria (45,05 per 100 000) districts. Male sex is the most frequently affected. Main transmission route is sexual, and it is most frequently found in heterosexual population. Conclusions: Downtown Lima district has the highest risk for HIV/AIDS expansion; consequently safe sex must be promoted, especially for the heterosexual population. We recommend that the quality of reporting records must be improved and a thorough follow up of HIV infection detected cases must be undertaken.
Assuntos
Infecções por HIV , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida , PeruRESUMO
Objetivos: Determinar el nivel de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas con respecto al dengue en la población de tres distritos de Lima, Perú: Lima Cercado, La Victoria y San Luis. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, transversal y prospectivo, basado en la población, el tamaño muestral calculado para un índice aédico de 1 por ciento, se usó un muestreo bietápico. Se usó una entrevista estructurada de 17 preguntas cerradas, aplicada por personal de saneamiento ambiental o promotores de salud capacitados, a la primera persona adulta que atendía en la vivienda seleccionada. Los datos fueron ingresados en Epi Info v.6 y analizados en SPSS v.11. Resultados: Se entrevistó a 5381 pobladores, el promedio de edad de lo participantes fue de 42±16 años, las dos terceras partes fueron mujeresy 76 por ciento tenían un nivel de educación secundaria o superior. El 69,2 por ciento manifestó conocer el dengue, sin embargo sólo 65,4 por ciento de los que declaraban conocerlo tenían un conocimiento aceptable. 121 entrevistados (2,1 por ciento) refirieronpicaduras matutinas en los miembros inferiores, sospechosas de Aedes aegypti. El 55,1 por ciento de los entrevistados practicaban almacenamiento de agua en sus viviendas, siendo La Victoria el lugar más frecuente con esta práctica (65,8 por ciento). En comparación con los que hicieron estudios escolares en el norte del país, los que estudiaron en la sierra tuvieron significativamente menor conocimiento del dengue (OR= 2,21; IC 95 por ciento: 1,72û2,83). Conclusiones: Esnecesario implementar actividades intersectoriales de promoción, prevención y control del dengue, especialmente en la jurisdicción de la Victoria y en aquellas personas provenientes de la sierra; así como, fortalecer la vigilancia entomológica, sobretodo en aquellas viviendas donde se reporta picaduras sospechosas de Aedes aegypti.
Objectives: To determine dengue fever knowledge, attitude, and practice levels in the following districts in Lima, Peru: Downtown Lima, La Victoria, and San Luis. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive population-based and cross-sectional study; sample size calculated for a 1% Aedic index, and a two-staged sampling was used. A 17- closed question structured interview was used, which was performed by trained environmental sanitation personnel or health promoters. The interview was applied to the first adult person present in the selected household. Data was entered in Epi Info v.6, and it was analyzed using SPSS v.11 software. Results: 5381 persons were interviewed, their average age was 42 ± 16 years, two-thirds were women, and 76% had gone to high school or to a superior educational institution. 69.2% of interviewed persons declared knowing about dengue fever, but only 65.4% of then had an acceptable knowledge level. 121 interviewed persons (2.1%) declared having early morning mosquito bites on their legs, suspecting they were bitten by Aedes aegypti. 55.1% of persons interviewed collected water in their households, and la Victoria district was the place where this practice was most frequent (65.8%). Compared with persons who studied in the northern part of the country, those who studied in the highlands had a significantly inferior knowledge of dengue fever (OR= 2.21; 95% Confidence Interval= 1,72 - 2,83). Conclusions: It is necessary to implement intersectorial activities for dengue fever health promotion, prevention, and control, especially in la Victoria district and in those persons coming from the highlands; and also entomological surveillance must be strengthened, particularly in those households where mosquito bites suspectedly caused by Aedes aegypti have been reported.