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1.
Cardiovasc Toxicol ; 24(8): 737-746, 2024 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38748312

RESUMO

Exposure to tobacco smoke (ETS) is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Renalase is a protein that may play a role in the pathogenesis of CVD. The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between ETS and serum renalase concentration. A group of 109 patients was recruited for this study (49.7 ± 14.7 years). In accordance with the questionnaire, patients were divided into the following subgroups: subgroup A- declaring themselves active smokers (n = 36), subgroup B- declaring themselves non-smokers and exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (n = 35), subgroup C- declaring themselves non-smokers and not exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (n = 38). The same patients were divided based on cotinine concentration into the following subgroups: subgroup D- active smokers (n = 42), subgroup E- non-smokers exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (n = 66), and subgroup F- non-smokers not exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (n = 1). Serum cotinine concentration and serum renalase concentration were measured using ELISA tests. Serum renalase concentration was statistically significantly higher in subgroup C than in subgroups A and B and in subgroup E and F than in D. There was a negative correlation between serum cotinine concentration and serum renalase concentration (r = -0.41, p < 0.05). Regression analysis showed that higher BMI, higher diastolic blood pressure, coronary artery disease and higher serum cotinine concentration are independent risk factors of lower serum renalase concentration. The questionnaire method of assessing exposure to tobacco smoke was characterized by high sensitivity, but only moderate specificity, especially in terms of assessing environmental exposure to tobacco smoke. In summary, the study showed an independent relationship between exposure to tobacco smoke and lower serum renalase concentration.


Assuntos
Biomarcadores , Cotinina , Hipertensão , Monoaminoxidase , Poluição por Fumaça de Tabaco , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pressão Arterial , Biomarcadores/sangue , Doenças Cardiovasculares/diagnóstico , Doenças Cardiovasculares/sangue , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Cotinina/sangue , Hipertensão/diagnóstico , Hipertensão/sangue , Hipertensão/epidemiologia , Hipertensão/fisiopatologia , Monoaminoxidase/sangue , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Medição de Risco , Fatores de Risco , Fumantes , Fumar/efeitos adversos , Fumar/sangue , Fumar/epidemiologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Poluição por Fumaça de Tabaco/efeitos adversos
2.
Sleep Breath ; 28(1): 211-219, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37495908

RESUMO

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between selenoprotein P, peroxiredoxin-5, renalase, total antioxidant status (TAS), mean blood pressure (mBP), and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). METHODS: The study group consisted of 112 patients hospitalized to verify the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The inclusion criteria were consent to participate in the study and age ≥ 18 years. Patients with active proliferative disease, severe systemic diseases, or mental diseases were excluded from the study. Each patient underwent full polysomnography and had blood pressure measured. Blood samples were collected and laboratory test was performed. RESULTS: Among 112 patients enrolled, there was a statistically significant negative linear correlation between blood pressure values (sBP, dBP, mBP) and selenoprotein P, renalase, and TAS levels. Similarly, there was a negative linear correlation between AHI and selenoprotein P, renalase, and TAS levels, but none between AHI and peroxiredoxin-5. Based on the obtained regression models, higher selenoprotein P, peroxiredoxin-5, and renalase levels were independently associated with higher TAS. Lower mBP values were independently associated with the use of antihypertensive drugs, higher TAS, and younger age. Male gender, higher BMI, and higher mBP were independently associated with higher AHI. CONCLUSIONS: Higher concentrations of selenoprotein P, peroxiredoxin-5, and renalase were associated with higher TAS, which confirms their antioxidant properties. There was an indirect connection between tested antioxidants and blood pressure values.


Assuntos
Antioxidantes , Monoaminoxidase , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono , Adolescente , Humanos , Masculino , Peroxirredoxinas , Selenoproteína P
3.
Int J Mol Sci ; 24(23)2023 Nov 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38068986

RESUMO

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the biggest health challenges facing health systems around the world. There are certain risk factors (CVRFs) that contribute to CVD. Risk factors associated with lifestyle such as tobacco consumption are particularly essential. Renalase is a recently discovered flavoprotein that may be involved in the progression of cardiometabolic diseases. The aim of the study was to investigate the relation between CVRFs and blood renalase concentration (BRC). The study group consisted of 96 people (51% women) who were hospitalized in the internal medicine department. CVRFs were measured using the AHA Life 7 scale. The E3109Hu ELISA kit was used to assess BRC. We found higher BRC in groups with a lower number of CVRFs (p < 0.05). We found a negative correlation between BRC and the number of CVRFs (r = -0.41). With the regression analysis, obesity, smoking, and a lack of physical activity (LoPE) were independently associated with lower blood renalase concentration. ROC analysis indicated the highest accuracy of BRC < 38.98 ng/mL in patients with ≥5 CVRFs. In conclusion, patients with a higher number of CVRFs had lower BRCs. The CVRFs particularly associated with a lower BRC were obesity, smoking, and LoPE.


Assuntos
Doenças Cardiovasculares , Humanos , Feminino , Masculino , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Doenças Cardiovasculares/etiologia , Fatores de Risco , Obesidade , Fatores de Risco de Doenças Cardíacas
4.
Antioxidants (Basel) ; 12(6)2023 May 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37371917

RESUMO

This study aimed to assess the relationship between chosen antioxidants, namely selenoprotein P (SELENOP), peroxiredoxin-5 (Prdx-5), renalase and selected cardiovascular consequences tested in ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) and echocardiography (ECHO). In our work, cardiovascular consequences refer to higher mean blood pressure (MBP) and pulse pressure (PP) on ABPM, as well as to left atrial enlargement (LAE), left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF%) on ECHO. The study group consisted of 101 consecutive patients admitted to the Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases and Hypertension to verify the diagnosis of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA). Each patient underwent full polysomnography, blood tests, ABPM and ECHO. Both selenoprotein-P and renalase levels correlated with different ABPM and ECHO parameters. We found no correlation between the peroxiredoxin-5 level and none of the tested parameters. We point to the possible application of SELENOP plasma-level testing in the initial selection of high cardiovascular-risk patients, especially if access to more advanced examinations is limited. We further suggest SELENOP measurement as a possible indicator of patients at increased left ventricular hypertrophy risk who should be of particular interest and may benefit from ECHO testing.

5.
J Clin Med ; 13(1)2023 Dec 21.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38202057

RESUMO

Maintaining an active lifestyle is crucial for good health. Markers of health risk include tissue components. This study aimed to indicate which body composition elements create the strongest correlations with physical activity performed in young students of medical faculties. The study group consisted of 75 students (33 men and 42 women) from Wroclaw Medical University. Each student underwent accelerometer and anthropometric measurements and body composition analysis. Both men and women had similar physical activity levels. The study found that the amount of vigorous physical activity correlated significantly with the basal metabolic rate (BMR), fat, water and muscle content, fat-free mass (FFM), bone mass, extracellular to intracellular water ratio (ECW/ICW), and phase angle (PA), with r~ ± (0.2-0.4). The amount of moderate physical activity correlated with body mass, body mass index (BMI), BMR, FFM, and bone mass, with r~0.3-0.5. There are dimorphic differences in the strength of correlations between physical activity and elements of body composition. A greater amount of moderate and vigorous physical activity is associated with greater FFM and bone mass in men, which causes BMI to increase as well (in this case, higher BMI is not a sign of being overweight). For women, the beneficial effect of higher amounts of vigorous physical activity on reducing fat content and increasing muscle mass is more pronounced. In both men and women, an improvement in hydration is evident with increased vigorous physical activity volume.

6.
Cardiovasc Toxicol ; 22(7): 620-630, 2022 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35412194

RESUMO

The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between the serum selenium concentration (Se-S) and the blood concentrations of osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL) and the OPG/RANKL ratio in patients with arterial hypertension. The study group comprised 138 patients with arterial hypertension (age: 56.04 ± 11.59 years). Se-S was determined in all the subjects. Based on the Se-S, the following subgroups were distinguished: a subgroup of patients with a lower Se-S ("low-Se", Se-S < median) and a subgroup of patients with a higher Se-S ("high-Se", Se-S ≥ median). Moreover, the blood concentrations of the parameters of bone metabolism and extraskeletal calcification were assessed: OPG and RANKL. The OPG/RANKL ratio was calculated. In the "low-Se" subgroup, the RANKL concentration was statistically significantly lower, and the OPG/RANKL ratio was statistically significantly higher than in the patients in the "high-Se" subgroup. The correlation analysis showed the negative linear relationships between Se-S and OPG (r = - 0.25, p < 0.05) and between Se-S and OPG/RANKL (r = - 0.47, p < 0.05). Moreover, Se-S positively correlated with RANKL (r = 0.33, p < 0.05). In regression analysis, higher body mass index (BMI), smoking and lower Se-S were independently associated with a higher OPG/RANKL ratio, while lower BMI, use of diuretics, ß-blockers and ACE inhibitors and lower OPG/RANKL ratio with effective blood pressure control. In summary, in the group of patients with arterial hypertension, lower Se-S is associated with an unfavourable prognostic panel of parameters of bone metabolism and extraskeletal calcification. Lower Se-S is an independent risk factor for a higher OPG/RANKL ratio, which is an independent prediction factor of ineffective blood pressure control in patients with hypertension.


Assuntos
Hipertensão , Selênio , Adulto , Idoso , Humanos , Hipertensão/diagnóstico , Hipertensão/tratamento farmacológico , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , NF-kappa B , Osteoprotegerina , Ligante RANK , Receptor Ativador de Fator Nuclear kappa-B/metabolismo
7.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35270791

RESUMO

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between cadmium exposure and the likelihood of developing or exacerbating symptoms of inflammatory arthritis (IA). The study included 51 IA patients and 46 control subjects. Demographic and lifestyle data were collected. Haematological and biochemical parameters and blood cadmium levels (Cd-B) were determined. Cd-B correlated positively with age, smoking, living in a high-traffic area, and serum levels of inflammatory markers and negatively with mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC). The binary logistic regression model implied that high Cd-B (≥0.65 µg/L) is linked with an increased risk of IA in the studied population (odds ratio: 4.4). High levels of DNA oxidative damage marker (8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine) (≥7.66 ng/mL) and cyclooxygenase-2 (≥22.9 ng/mL) and frequent consumption of offal was also associated with increased risk of IA. High Cd-B was related to increased risk of disease symptoms onset in the group of IA patients, decreased the level of interleukin 10, and positively correlated with the disease activity. Increased Cd-B is associated with intensified inflammatory processes and decreased haemoglobin levels; in IA patients with decreased anti-inflammatory interleukin 10. These changes partly explain why cadmium exposure and a high cadmium body burden may raise the risk of IA and of disease symptoms exacerbation.


Assuntos
Artrite , Cádmio , Artrite/epidemiologia , Biomarcadores , Carga Corporal (Radioterapia) , Humanos , Interleucina-10 , Projetos Piloto , Polônia/epidemiologia
8.
J Clin Med ; 11(1)2021 Dec 24.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35011820

RESUMO

The aim of the study was to indicate which body composition parameters and which lifestyle components affect the phase angle (PA) value in young adults. Two-hundred-and-eighty-one students at Wroclaw Medical University participated in the study. A survey on respondent lifestyles was followed by anthropometric measurements, body composition analysis, and basal metabolic rate (BMR) calculation. The differences in the body composition of men and women corresponded to their sexual anatomy and physiology. Sex-dependent differences in lifestyle were also reported. The study revealed a relationship between PA and height, weight, BMR, BMI (body mass index), FFM (fat-free body mass), bone mass, water mass, muscle mass (r~0.4-0.7), ECW/ICW (extracellular water/intracellular water) and fat mass (r~-(0.4-0.6)) for the entire studied group. The relationship between PA values and lifestyle components concerned consumption of energy drinks, cola, alcohol, water, vegetables and fruits, meat, and also intervals between meals, time for physical exercises, and screen time (r~±0.2). The research shows that the PA value increases with an increase in positive body composition parameters. Following the principles of proper nutrition and physical activity increases PA values in most cases.

9.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol ; 82: 103553, 2021 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33238203

RESUMO

Cardiovascular diseases often linked with lifestyle are among the main causes of death, especially in the elderly population. The role of trace elements in health and disease has been emphasized in multiple scientific research. Moreover, supplementation of trace elements to improve health is becoming increasingly popular. The following paper presents current views on the relationship between the concentration of trace elements such as selenium and zinc in the body, as well as morphology and function of the cardiovascular system. Research discussing the effect of selenium and zinc supplementation on the function of the heart and blood vessels was also reviewed. The relationship between selenium and zinc concentration and morphology and function of the cardiovascular system is equally unclear, and therefore there is currently no scientific evidence for its supplementation for preventing cardiovascular diseases. It seems justified to continue scientific research on this subject due to the small number of experimental studies available on the topic of selenium and zinc deficiency and their impact on the cardiovascular system.


Assuntos
Doenças Cardiovasculares/metabolismo , Selênio/deficiência , Zinco/deficiência , Animais , Doenças Cardiovasculares/fisiopatologia , Sistema Cardiovascular/metabolismo , Sistema Cardiovascular/fisiopatologia , Suplementos Nutricionais , Humanos , Selênio/fisiologia , Zinco/fisiologia
10.
Int J Occup Med Environ Health ; 33(3): 339-351, 2020 Apr 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32235949

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this paper was to investigate the impact of changes in the students' lifestyle during an examination period on their health condition, as evidenced by changes to the body composition and metabolic rates. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study involved 268 Wroclaw Medical University students (second- and third-year students). The study was performed 3 times (at the beginning of a semester, in the middle of a semester, and in the examination period) and included a completion of a questionnaire on the current lifestyle, as well as measurements of the body composition, the basal metabolic rate, and the waist and hip circumferences. The measurements were carried out with the use of a body composition analyzer (Tanita MC-780 MA) and a tape measure with a waist-hip ratio calculator. RESULTS: In the examination period, as compared with the rest of the semester, a significant decrease was observed in the metabolic rates, and the body water and muscle mass of the examined students. During that period, there were also more frequent adverse changes in the students' lifestyle. In the studied periods, a correlation was found between changes in the frequency of snacking, consuming sweets and cola drinks, and the alterations of the subjects' body fat mass, i.e., r = 0.161, r = 0.135, and r = 0.143, respectively. In turn, differences in the frequency of drinking wine, physical activity, sleep length, and time devoted to learning correlated with changes in the participants' body water, i.e., r = 0.140, r = 0.152, and r = 0.133 (r = -0.142, r = -0.147), respectively, and muscle mass, i.e., r = 0.141, r = 0.142, and r = 0.126 (r = -0.130, r = -0.142), respectively, and metabolism, i.e., r = 0.127, r = 0.145 and r = 0.135 (r = -0.127, r = -0.135), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of the body composition and metabolic rates of the students during an examination period indicates that the changes occurring in various elements of their lifestyle (e.g., dietary habits, physical activity) can result in deteriorating their health condition. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2020;33(3):339-51.


Assuntos
Metabolismo Basal , Composição Corporal , Estilo de Vida , Estudantes de Medicina , Dieta , Exercício Físico , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Polônia , Faculdades de Medicina , Sono , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto Jovem
11.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol ; 75: 103332, 2020 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32006877

RESUMO

The objective of the study was to determine the relationship between serum concentrations of selenium (SeS) and zinc (ZnS), total antioxidant status (TAS) and endothelial function assessed by ultrasonographic method of dilatation of the brachial artery in 141 hypertensive patients. Patients with SeS < median were characterized by a statistically significantly lower flow-mediated dilation (FMD) than patients with SeS ≥ median. Patients with TAS < median were characterized by a significantly lower FMD than patients with TAS ≥ median. Older age, higher BMI, male gender, higher blood total cholesterol, ischemic heart disease, smoking and lower SeS constitute independent predictors of inferior endothelial function, expressed in lower FMD values. Smoking is an independent predictor of lower TAS, and the use of ß-blockers and higher serum selenium levels are independent predictors of higher TAS. In summary, a decrease in TAS should be considered as a mechanism of inferior endothelial function in hypertensive patients conditioned by a decrease in SeS.


Assuntos
Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Artéria Braquial/diagnóstico por imagem , Hipertensão , Selênio/sangue , Dilatação/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino
12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31739465

RESUMO

Cadmium exposure contributes to internal organ dysfunction and the development of chronic diseases. The aim of the study was to assess the alleviating effect of α-lipoic acid and/or magnesium on cadmium-induced oxidative stress and disorders in bone metabolism, kidney and liver function, and hematological and biochemical parameters changes. Male rats were exposed to cadmium (30 mg Cd/kg of feed) for three months. Some animals exposed to Cd were supplemented with magnesium (150 mg Mg/kg of feed) and/or with α-lipoic acid (100 mg/kg body weight, four times a week). Cd intake inhibited body weight gain and lowered hemoglobin concentration, whereas it increased the activities of liver enzymes, as well as the level of oxidative stress, CTX-1 (C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen, bone resorption marker), and CRP (C-reactive protein, marker of inflammation); it decreased vitamin D3, GSH (reduced glutathione), and the serum urea nitrogen/creatinine index. Mg and/or α-lipoic acid supplementation increased the antioxidant potential, and partially normalized the studied biochemical parameters. The obtained results show that both magnesium and α-lipoic acid decrease oxidative stress and the level of inflammatory marker, as well as normalize bone metabolism and liver and kidney function. Combined intake of α-lipoic acid and magnesium results in reinforcement of the protective effect; especially, it increases antioxidant defense.


Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Cádmio/toxicidade , Magnésio/farmacologia , Ácido Tióctico/farmacologia , Animais , Osso e Ossos/efeitos dos fármacos , Osso e Ossos/metabolismo , Rim/efeitos dos fármacos , Rim/metabolismo , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/metabolismo , Masculino , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos Wistar
13.
Toxicol Ind Health ; 35(4): 277-293, 2019 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30983556

RESUMO

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of physical training on bone parameters of rats exposed to alcohol (Al) and/or cadmium (Cd). Young female rats were divided into one control group and six groups exposed to Cd and/or Al. Al (36% calories of diet) and Cd (20 mg Cd/kg feed) were administered with liquid diet. Half of the rats from the treated groups were subjected to treadmill training (20 m/min for 0.5 h, 4 days a week). The experiment was carried out for 5 months. Al decreased the concentration of calcium (Ca) and iron (Fe) in the femur, whereas Cd and Cd + Al intake reduced the contents of Ca, Fe and zinc. Al and/or Cd caused an increase in both C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX1; bone resorption marker) and osteocalcin (OC; formation indicator) and enhanced the degree of porosity and flexural strength of the femur. Al partially prevented the loss of Fe from the bone caused by Cd, but intensified the inhibition of growth of body weight in comparison with separate exposure to Cd. In rats co-exposed to Cd + Al, the levels of CTX1 were greater compared with those treated with Al or Cd separately, and the density was less than that in rats exposed to Al separately. The training caused increases of magnesium and Ca contents, decreases in CTX1, as well as increases in OC and bone density, decreasing their porosity. The effect of training on the bone status, however, was limited (especially in rats co-exposed to Cd and Al) because of the increase in their mineralization, stimulated by exercises, was insufficient in relation to collagen production intensity. In conclusion, training had favourable effects on some bone parameters, but did not compensate for the negative effects of Al and/or Cd exposure on the poor mineralization and histopathological and morphological changes in the femur.


Assuntos
Densidade Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Remodelação Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Cádmio/farmacologia , Etanol/farmacologia , Condicionamento Físico Animal/fisiologia , Animais , Peso Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Reabsorção Óssea , Cálcio/metabolismo , Colágeno Tipo I/metabolismo , Feminino , Fêmur/efeitos dos fármacos , Ferro/metabolismo , Magnésio/metabolismo , Distribuição Aleatória , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Zinco/metabolismo
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