A Retrospective Observational Study Exploring 30- and 90-Day Outcomes for Patients With COVID-19 After Percutaneous Tracheostomy and Gastrostomy Placement.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the 30- and 90-day outcomes of COVID-19 patients receiving tracheostomy and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG). DESIGN: Retrospective observational study. SETTING: Multisite, inpatient. PATIENTS: Hospitalized COVID-19 patients who received tracheostomy and PEG at four Boston hospitals. INTERVENTIONS: Tracheostomy and PEG placement. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The primary outcome was mortality at 30 and 90 days post-procedure. Secondary outcomes included continued device presence, place of residence, complications, and rehospitalizations. Eighty-one COVID-19 patients with tracheostomy and PEG placement were included. At 90 days post-device placement, the mortality rate was 9.9%, 2.7% still had the tracheostomy, 32.9% still had the PEG, and 58.9% were at home. CONCLUSIONS: More than nine-in-10 patients in our population of COVID-19 patients who underwent tracheostomy and PEG were alive 90 days later and most were living at home. This study provides new information regarding the outcomes of this patient population that may serve as a step in guiding clinicians, patients, and families when making decisions regarding these devices.

Patient with a devastating embolic stroke: using weekly multidisciplinary ethics rounds in the neuroscience intensive care unit to facilitate care and communication.

The challenges families face in making decisions for loved ones after a severe stroke are best supported when the treatment team has the opportunity to share information and perspectives. Weekly multidisciplinary ethics rounds provides a very good forum for just such discussions. Using a case example, this article describes the framework for ethics rounds and its utility in a neuroscience intensive care unit.

Acute pulmonary embolism.

Over the next 5 days, Mr. R continues to respond well to treatment. He'll continue on the prescribed warfarin regimen, with scheduled follow-up to evaluate his condition and adjust the dosage if necessary. He's instructed to continue wearing his GCS as an outpatient. Mr. R and his wife are given individualized instructions to prepare Mr. R for discharge. Mr. and Mrs. R participate in a thorough review of safe anticoagulation management, including the importance of taking warfarin exactly as prescribed. They're taught strategies to avoid missing a dose, and Mr. R is instructed not to take more than the prescribed dose. They're taught to recognize signs and symptoms of lower extremity DVT such as pain, redness, swelling, and warmth. Signs and symptoms of PE are also reviewed, including sudden onset of difficulty breathing, rapid respiratory rate, and pleuritic chest pain. If any of these symptoms occur, Mr. and Mrs. R are instructed to call emergency medical services immediately. The importance of postdischarge follow-up appointments with Mr. R's PCP is emphasized. Mr. R is advised to avoid eating foods or using supplements high in vitamin K. Mr. R is also encouraged to stay active, but to use caution to prevent injuries and avoid falls by engaging in activities such as walking and, when approved, swimming.