Characteristics of vertical drop jump to screen the anterior cruciate ligament injury.

OBJECTIVE: To clarify the characteristics of vertical drop jump (VDJ) for screening athletes at high risk of ACL injury by comparing the kinematic, kinetic and electromyographic variables of different VDJ. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Thirty male soccer players were recruited to measure parameters of knee kinematics, kinetics, and surface electromyograph during VDJ in four kinds of movements measured (the distance between the take-off feet is 5 cm or 30 cm, and the distance between the landing feet is 5 cm or 30 cm) using the Vicon motion capture system, Kistler3-D dynamometer, and Noraxon surface electromyograph test system. RESULTS: The peak knee abduction moment was significantly greater for landing feet distance of 30 cm compared to landing feet distance of 5 cm, regardless of whether the distance between take-off feet was 5 cm (0.58 vs. 0.44) or 30 cm (0.61 vs. 0.40); regardless of whether the distance between landing feet was 5 cm (22.78 vs. 20.45) or 30 cm (24.32 vs. 21.87), the peak vertical Ground Reaction Force was significantly increased for the take-off feet distance was 5 cm compared to take-off feet of 30 cm. CONCLUSIONS: In the test of VDJ, athletes will adopt different landing strategies for different movement instructions, and the VDJ with the distance of 5 cm between the take-off feet and the distance of 30 cm between the landing feet may be the better maneuver to screen for risk of ACL injury.

Tensile behavior of Cu-coated Pd40Cu30Ni10P20 metallic glassy wire.

Catastrophic brittle fracture of monolithic metallic glass (MG) hinders engineering application of MGs. Although many techniques has been tried to enhance tensile ductility of metallic glasses, the enhancement is quite limited. Here, we show the effect of electrodeposited Cu coating on tensile plasticity enhancement of Pd40Cu30Ni10P20 MG wires, with different volume fractions of copper coatings (R), from 0% to 97%. With increasing R, tensile elongation is enhanced to 7.1%. The plasticity enhancement is due to confinement of the Cu coatings, which lead to multiple and secondary shear bands, according to SEM investigations. In addition, the SEM images also show that the patterns on the fracture surface of the Cu-coated MG wires vary with volume fraction of the Cu coatings. The size of shear offset decreases with increasing R. The viscous fingerings on the fracture surface of monolithic MG wire changes into dimples on the fracture surface of Cu coated MG wires with R of 90% and 97%. The electrodeposition technique used in this work provides a useful way to enhance plasticity of monolithic MGs under tensile loading at room temperature.

[Clinical effect analysis of endovascular repair for aortic pseudoaneurysms in 13 cases].

Objective: To discuss the clinical safety and efficacyof endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) for aortic pseudoaneurysms. Methods: From October 2008 to October 2015, 13 patients (11 male, 2 female, with a mean age of 55.6) with aortic pseudoaneurysms treated by EVAR wereenrolled. All the 13 casesunderwentcomputed tomographic arteriography (CTA). The etiology diagnosis withdescendingaortic pseudoaneurysms, infected abdominal aortic pseudoaneurysms, abdominal aortic pseudoaneurysmsin Behcet's syndrome, and uncertain reasons were 4, 4, 4, and 1 case, respectively. Results: In this group, 14 stentswere planted.All the patients hadno accidents and complications in perioperative period.Twelve patients were successfully followed up, 1 patient died of recurrent abdominal aortic pseudoaneurysmsin Behcet's syndrome, and 1 patient with recurrent infected abdominal aortic pseudoaneurysm wascured by pseudoaneurysm resection and extra-anatomic bypass grafting. Concluson: EVAR is a safe and effective option for aortic pseudoaneurysms.

Dawn arrives at Ceres: Exploration of a small, volatile-rich world.

On 6 March 2015, Dawn arrived at Ceres to find a dark, desiccated surface punctuated by small, bright areas. Parts of Ceres' surface are heavily cratered, but the largest expected craters are absent. Ceres appears gravitationally relaxed at only the longest wavelengths, implying a mechanically strong lithosphere with a weaker deep interior. Ceres' dry exterior displays hydroxylated silicates, including ammoniated clays of endogenous origin. The possibility of abundant volatiles at depth is supported by geomorphologic features such as flat crater floors with pits, lobate flows of materials, and a singular mountain that appears to be an extrusive cryovolcanic dome. On one occasion, Ceres temporarily interacted with the solar wind, producing a bow shock accelerating electrons to energies of tens of kilovolts.

Rate dependent of strength in metallic glasses at different temperatures.

The correlation between the strength at the macroscale and the elastic deformation as well as shear cracking behavior at the microscale of bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) is investigated. The temperatures of 298 K and 77 K as well as the strain rate ranging from 10(-6) s(-1) to 10(-2) s(-1) are applied to the BMGs, in which the mechanical responses of the BMGs are profiled through the compression tests. The yield strength is associated with the activation of the elementary deformation unit, which is insensitive to the strain rate. The maximum compressive strength is linked to the crack propagation during shear fracture process, which is influenced by the strain rate. The cryogenic temperature of 77 K significantly improves the yield strength and the maximum compressive strength of the BMGs.

Biochemical composition of the ovarian fluid and its effects on the fertilization capacity of turbot Scophthalmus maximus during the spawning season.

This study investigated the biochemical composition of ovarian fluid and its effect on the fertilization capacity of turbot Scophthalmus maximus during the spawning season. The fertilization rate and pH of ovarian fluid varied throughout the spawning season, with the highest values recorded at the mid-season. Positive correlations were found between the fertilization rate and the ovarian fluid pH. The composition of major inorganic ions (Na(+) , K(+) , Ca(2+) and Cl(-) ) showed no significant changes during the spawning season. Alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activity was significantly higher during mid-season than other seasons. The lowest levels of protein, acid phosphatase (ACP) and aspartate aminotransferase (AAT) were in the ovarian fluid released at the mid-season. Moreover, significant relationships were observed between the fertilization rate and the levels of protein, ACP, AKP and AAT. These observations suggest that the biochemical profile of ovarian fluid affects the insemination microenvironment as well as the fertilization capacity of S. maximus eggs. Determination of such profiles may prove to be a useful strategy to improve S. maximus breeding techniques.