Recruitment feasibility and dietary and behavioral patterns in toddlers with ASD: Preliminary results from the Autism Eats program.

BACKGROUND: Problematic mealtime behaviors and inadequate diet quality are pressing concerns for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study aimed to evaluate recruitment feasibility and baseline outcomes of the Autism Eats program for children under 3 years with ASD. METHODS: Recruitment feasibility was assessed through reach and participation rates. The Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2015) scores were calculated from 3-day food records. Problematic mealtime behaviors were assessed with the Brief Autism Mealtime Behavior Inventory. Parental feeding practices were assessed using the Child Feeding Questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements of children and parents were taken. Weight-for-length percentiles were calculated based on the CDC growth charts. Descriptive statistics, one-sample t-tests, and Spearman's rho correlations were used for data analysis. RESULTS: Of the contacted dyads, 74 % agreed to participate. All 51 enrolled dyads completed baseline survey (100 %), and 98 % completed 3-day food records and anthropometric measurements. Significantly higher problematic mealtime behaviors were observed, compared to the reference (e.g., Total score 55.7 vs. 32.5; p < .001). Children with ASD exhibited lower HEI-2015 scores than national data (e.g., Total score 59 vs. 62). A large proportion of the children (29 %) had a weight-for-length ≥ 95th percentile. Several significant associations were found among mealtime behaviors, diet quality, parental feeding practices, and weight status. CONCLUSION: Recruitment was highly feasible, and the findings suggest that early nutrition intervention may hold promise in addressing problematic mealtime behaviors and promoting healthier dietary habits in young children with ASD. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: This trial has been registered at www. CLINICALTRIALS: gov (NCT05194345).

Experiences of a group of indigenous women from the Colombian Amazon with cervical cancer prevention screening. Qualitative study in the context of participatory research to reduce inequalities.

OBJECTIVES: Despite cervical cancer (CC) being a preventable disease, its incidence remains high in marginalized communities due to inequalities that restrict access to health services. This article investigates the experiences, perceptions, and attitudes regarding the screening of indigenous women in a region of the Colombian Amazon during a cervical cancer prevention initiative facilitated by community participation. DESIGN: Qualitative study based on interviews conducted with women and indigenous leaders from Paujil reserve. They participated in research focused on cervical cancer prevention, which employed a methodology of collaboration between academia and communities aimed at enhancing women's health and reducing inequalities in access to healthcare services. The analysis utilized a deductive and inductive approach. RESULTS: Five main themes were addressed: 'Barriers within health services'; 'Individual and cultural constraints'; 'Motivations and facilitators'; 'Positive experiences within the research framework'; and 'Suggestions for encouraging women's participation.' Challenges related to appointment scheduling and result delivery were frequently cited as obstacles to access. Misinformation, feelings of shame, fear, and distrust towards health services played significant roles in the reluctance to undergo screening. Factors such as support from family and community networks, respectful treatment, ease of scheduling appointments, the presence of female healthcare professionals, and involvement of leaders fluent in indigenous languages were identified as positive facilitators of screening acceptance. CONCLUSION: Understanding the factors that influence access to screening is crucial for reducing inequalities in service delivery for indigenous women. The involvement of trained leaders who can identify these factors and motivate women can have a positive impact on the acceptance and guidance of cervical cancer prevention programs.

Determination of Cardiac Output in a Porcine Model for Ex Vivo Pulmonary Perfusion.

Due to their physiological similarities to humans, pigs are used as experimental models for ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP). EVLP is a technique that perfuses lungs that are not suitable for transplantation via an extracorporeal circulation pump to improve their function and increase their viability. Existing EVLP protocols are differentiated by the type of perfusion solution and perfusion flow, which varies from 40%-100% of the estimated cardiac output (CO) according to the body surface area (BSA). Devices for measuring CO use simple physical principles and other mathematical models. Thermodilution in animal models continues to be the reference standard for estimating CO because of its simplicity and ease of reproduction. Therefore, the objective of this study was to reproduce the measurement of CO by thermodilution in pigs and compare its precision and accuracy with those obtained by the BSA, weight, and Fick's method, to establish perfusion flow during EVLP. In 23 pigs, a thermodilution catheter was placed in the right jugular vein, and the carotid artery on the same side was cannulated. Blood samples were obtained for gasometry, and CO was estimated by thermodilution, adjusted body surface area, Fick's principle, and per body weight. The CO obtained by the BSA was greater (p = 0.0001, ANOVA, Tukey) than that obtained by the other methods. We conclude that although the methods used in this study to estimate CO are reliable, there are significant differences between them; therefore, each method must be evaluated by the investigator to determine which meets the needs of the protocol.

Embedded Machine Learning System for Muscle Patterns Detection in a Patient with Shoulder Disarticulation.

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) models in the classification of electromyographic (EMG) signals represents a significant advancement in the design of control systems for prostheses. This study explores the development of a portable system that classifies the electrical activity of three shoulder muscles in real time for actuator control, marking a milestone in the autonomy of prosthetic devices. Utilizing low-power microcontrollers, the system ensures continuous EMG signal recording, enhancing user mobility. Focusing on a case study-a 42-year-old man with left shoulder disarticulation-EMG activity was recorded over two days using a specifically designed electronic board. Data processing was performed using the Edge Impulse platform, renowned for its effectiveness in implementing AI on edge devices. The first day was dedicated to a training session with 150 repetitions spread across 30 trials and three different movements. Based on these data, the second day tested the AI model's ability to classify EMG signals in new movement executions in real time. The results demonstrate the potential of portable AI-based systems for prosthetic control, offering accurate and swift EMG signal classification that enhances prosthetic user functionality and experience. This study not only underscores the feasibility of real-time EMG signal classification but also paves the way for future research on practical applications and improvements in the quality of life for prosthetic users.

Goal characteristics predict the occurrence of goal-related events through belief in future occurrence.

While previous studies have highlighted the role of episodic future thinking in goal pursuit, the underlying cognitive mechanisms remain unexplored. Episodic future thinking may promote goal pursuit by shaping the feeling that imagined events will (or will not) happen in the future - referred to as belief in future occurrence. We investigated whether goal self-concordance (Experiment 1) and other goal characteristics identified as influential in goal pursuit (Experiment 2) modulate belief in the future occurrence of goal-related events and predict the actual occurrence of these events. Results showed that goal self-concordance, engagement, and expectancy had an indirect effect on the actual occurrence of events, which was (partially) mediated by belief in future occurrence. The mediating role of belief supports the view that belief in future occurrence when imagining events conveys useful information, allowing us to make informed decisions and undertake adaptive actions in the process of goal pursuit.

Interculturalidad: más allá de la diversidad Reflexiones y experiencias en contextos latinoamericanos / Interculturality: beyond diversity Reflections and experiences in Latin American contexts

Este libro tiene como origen las diversas reflexiones originadas por la ejecución de un trabajo de investigación en el área de la salud con comunidades indígenas de la Amazonia colombiana denominado: "Estrategia de Atención Primaria en Salud con enfoque intercultural e investigación Acción Participativa para la prevención del cáncer de cuello uterino en el resguardo indígena de El Paujil" (Colombia) y desarrollado por lideresas pertenecientes a la región e investigadores de las universidades Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud, FUCS; Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales, UDCA; y Universidad El Bosque, con la cofinanciación del Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación de Colombia. Los avances del proyecto permitieron explorar las visiones sobre diversos temas de algunas comunidades indígenas de la Amazonia, en especial, los relacionados con la salud de las mujeres y sus roles en las familias y en las comunidades. El trabajo conjunto, mediante una metodología de investigación participativa alrededor de la prevención del cáncer de cuello uterino, incluyó en primer lugar el análisis de la interculturalidad como un enfoque que coincide con los postulados de respeto por los valores culturales y las diferencias.

This book has as origin the diverse reflections originated by the execution of a research work in the area of health with indigenous communities of the Colombian Amazon called: "Primary Health Care Strategy with intercultural approach and Participatory Action Research for the prevention of cervical cancer in the indigenous reservation of El Paujil" (Colombia) and developed by leaders belonging to the region and researchers from the universities Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud, FUCS; Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales, UDCA; and Universidad El Bosque, with co-financing from the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation of Colombia. The progress of the project made it possible to explore the views on various topics of some indigenous communities in the Amazon, especially those related to women's health and their roles in the families and communities. The joint work, through a participatory research methodology on cervical cancer prevention, included first of all the analysis of interculturality as an approach that coincides with the postulates of respect for cultural values and differences.

Concepções da saúde sexual e reprodutiva entre mulheres curipacas em situação de mobilidade humana / Conceptions of sexual and reproductive health in Kurripaco women in conditions of human mobility / Concepciones de la salud sexual y reproductiva en mujeres kurripacos en condición de movilidad humana

Resumo A migração dos povos indígenas apresenta tensões entre as tradições ancestrais e a visão ocidental com implicações para a saúde pública, especialmente a saúde sexual e reprodutiva. Este texto teve como objetivo analisar as concepções de saúde sexual e reprodutiva de mulheres indígenas curipacas de uma reserva indígena no departamento de Guainía (Colômbia). Trata-se de um estudo de caso, com uma amostra de 40 mulheres indígenas curipacas, residentes na reserva Paujil, em Guainía, provenientes de diferentes comunidades. Foram aplicadas entrevistas semiestruturadas elaboradas com membros da mesma comunidade e traduzidas para a língua curipaca. Três categorias resultaram da análise: impacto da mobilidade de mulheres indígenas; autonomia relativa como estrutura da sexualidade; e concepções da abordagem ocidental da saúde sexual e reprodutiva. Esta última categoria identificou que as participantes não têm conhecimento sobre a saúde sexual e reprodutiva desde o ponto de vista ocidental e vislumbram suas próprias formas de compreender a saúde-doença como parte integrante de todas as dimensões da vida/morte. A inter-relação entre as tradições ancestrais dos povos indígenas e a visão ocidental sobre a saúde requer uma abordagem intercultural de profissionais, serviços e do sistema de saúde para que reconheça a autonomia pessoal e relacional desses povos.

Abstract The migration of indigenous peoples presents tensions between ancestral traditions and the western vision, with implications for public health, particularly sexual and reproductive health. To analyze the conceptions of sexual and reproductive health of Kurripaco indigenous women from a reservation in the department of Guainía. Case study in a sample of 40 Kurripaco indigenous women, residents of the Paujil reservation, Guainía, Colombia, from different communities. Semi-structured interviews built with members of the same community and translated into the native language will be applied. Three categories emerged from the analysis: impact of mobility on indigenous women; Relative autonomy as frameworks of sexuality and conceptions against the Western approach to sexual and reproductive health. In this last category, it is found that the aspects of sexual and reproductive health as a Western construct are unknown by the participants, but instead they glimpse their own ways of understanding health-disease as an integrated part of all dimensions of life/death. The interrelationship between the ancestral traditions of native peoples and the western approach to health requires professionals, services, and the system to adopt an intercultural approach that recognizes relative personal and relational autonomy.

Resumen La migración de pueblos indígenas presenta tensiones entre las tradiciones ancestrales y la visión occidental, con implicaciones para la salud pública, particularmente en salud sexual y reproductiva. Este texto tuvo por objetivo analizar las concepciones sobre salud sexual y reproductiva de mujeres indígenas kurripacos de un resguardo del departamento de Guainía (Colombia). Se trata de un estudio de casos en una muestra de 40 mujeres indígenas kurripacos, residentes en el resguardo Paujil, en Guainía, procedentes de distintas comunidades. Se aplicaron entrevistas semiestructuradas construidas con miembros de la misma comunidad y traducidas a lengua nativa. Tres categorías emergieron del análisis: Impacto de la movilidad en las mujeres indígenas; autonomía relativa como marcos de la sexualidad; y concepciones frente al abordaje occidental de la salud sexual y reproductiva. Esta última categoría identificó que los aspectos de la salud sexual y reproductiva como constructo occidental son desconocidos por las participantes, quienes vislumbran formas propias de comprender la salud-enfermedad como parte integrada a todas las dimensiones de la vida/muerte. La interrelación entre las tradiciones ancestrales de los pueblos originarios y el abordaje occidental de la salud exige a profesionales, servicios y sistema un enfoque intercultural que reconozca la autonomía relativa personal y relacional.

Effects of past and future autobiographical thinking on the working self-concept.

While the role of autobiographical memory in self-representation is well established, the identity function of future thinking has received much less attention. Yet, most people commonly imagine future events that convey meaningful information about the person they wish or expect to become. In three experiments, we assessed the extent to which thinking about such self-defining future events influences the current content of self-representation (i.e., the working self-concept). Participants were asked to think about either a past or future self-defining event, or a control topic, before describing aspects of their identity in the form of "I am" statements (Experiments 1 and 3) or completing scales assessing self-related dimensions (Experiments 2 and 3). We found that thinking about a future self-defining event led participants to conceptualise themselves more in terms of their psychological traits, as did thinking about a past self-defining event. Furthermore, thinking about a future self-defining event increased the sense of present-future self-continuity, whereas thinking about a past self-defining event increased the sense of past-present self-continuity. These results suggest that self-representations are fuelled not only by autobiographical memories, but also by projections into the future.

Changes in the levels of free sialic acid during ex vivo lung perfusion do not correlate with pulmonary function. Experimental model.

BACKGROUND: Ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) constitutes a tool with great research potential due to its advantages over in vivo and in vitro models. Despite its important contribution to lung reconditioning, this technique has the disadvantage of incurring high costs and can induce pulmonary endothelial injury through perfusion and ventilation. The pulmonary endothelium is made up of endothelial glycocalyx (EG), a coating of proteoglycans (PG) on the luminal surface. PGs are glycoproteins linked to terminal sialic acids (Sia) that can affect homeostasis with responses leading to edema formation. This study evaluated the effect of two ex vivo perfusion solutions on lung function and endothelial injury. METHODS: We divided ten landrace swine into two groups and subjected them to EVLP for 120 min: Group I (n = 5) was perfused with Steen® solution, and Group II (n = 5) was perfused with low-potassium dextran-albumin solution. Ventilatory mechanics, histology, gravimetry, and sialic acid concentrations were evaluated. RESULTS: Both groups showed changes in pulmonary vascular resistance and ventilatory mechanics (p < 0.05, Student's t-test). In addition, the lung injury severity score was better in Group I than in Group II (p < 0.05, Mann-Whitney U); and both groups exhibited a significant increase in Sia concentrations in the perfusate (p < 0.05 t-Student) and Sia immunohistochemical expression. CONCLUSIONS: Sia, as a product of EG disruption during EVLP, was found in all samples obtained in the system; however, the changes in its concentration showed no apparent correlation with lung function.

Repeated simulation increases belief in the future occurrence of uncertain events.

The feeling that an imagined event will or will not occur in the future - referred to as belief in future occurrence - plays a key role in guiding our decisions and actions. Recent research suggests that this belief may increase with repeated simulation of future events, but the boundary conditions for this effect remain unclear. Considering the key role of autobiographical knowledge in shaping belief in occurrence, we suggest that the effect of repeated simulation only occurs when prior autobiographical knowledge does not clearly support or contradict the occurrence of the imagined event. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the repetition effect for events that were either plausible or implausible due to their coherence or incoherence with autobiographical knowledge (Experiment 1), and for events that initially appeared uncertain because they were not clearly supported or contradicted by autobiographical knowledge (Experiment 2). We found that all types of events became more detailed and took less time to construct after repeated simulation, but belief in their future occurrence increased only for uncertain events; repetition did not influence belief for events already believed or considered implausible. These findings show that the effect of repeated simulation on belief in future occurrence depends on the consistency of imagined events with autobiographical knowledge.

Smartphones dependency risk analysis using machine-learning predictive models.

Recent technological advances have changed how people interact, run businesses, learn, and use their free time. The advantages and facilities provided by electronic devices have played a major role. On the other hand, extensive use of such technology also has adverse effects on several aspects of human life (e.g., the development of societal sedentary lifestyles and new addictions). Smartphone dependency is new addiction that primarily affects the young population. The consequences may negatively impact mental and physical health (e.g., lack of attention or local pain). Health professionals rely on self-reported subjective information to assess the dependency level, requiring specialists' opinions to diagnose such a dependency. This study proposes a data-driven prediction model for smartphone dependency based on machine learning techniques using an analytical retrospective case-control approach. Different classification methods were applied, including classical and modern machine learning models. Students from a private university in Cali-Colombia (n = 1228) were tested for (i) smartphone dependency, (ii) musculoskeletal symptoms, and (iii) the Risk Factors Questionnaire. Random forest, logistic regression, and support vector machine-based classifiers exhibited the highest prediction accuracy, 76-77%, for smartphone dependency, estimated through the stratified-k-fold cross-validation technique. Results showed that self-reported information provides insight into predicting smartphone dependency correctly. Such an approach opens doors for future research aiming to include objective measures to increase accuracy and help to reduce the negative consequences of this new addiction form.

Biomolecules resveratrol + coenzyme Q10 recover the cell state of human mesenchymal stem cells after 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium-induced damage and improve proliferation and neural differentiation.

Neurodegenerative disorders are a critical affection with a high incidence around the world. Currently, there are no effective treatments to solve this problem. However, the application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and antioxidants in neurodegenerative diseases has shown to be a promising tool due to their multiple therapeutic effects. This work aimed to evaluate the effects of a combination of resveratrol (RSV) and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on the proliferation and differentiation of MSC and the protector effects in induced damage. To characterize the MSCs, we performed flow cytometry, protocols of cellular differentiation, and immunocytochemistry analysis. The impact of RSV + CoQ10 in proliferation was evaluated by supplementing 2.5 and 10 µM of RSV + CoQ10 in a cellular kinetic for 14 days. Cell viability and lactate dehydrogenase levels (LDH) were also analyzed. The protective effect of RSV + CoQ10 was assessed by supplementing the treatment to damaged MSCs by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+); cellular viability, LDH, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were evaluated.. MSCs expressed the surface markers CD44, CD73, CD90, and CD105 and showed multipotential ability. The combination of RSV + CoQ10 increased the proliferation potential and cell viability and decreased LDH levels. In addition, it reverted the effect of MPP+-induced damage in MSCs to enhance cell viability and decrease LDH and ROS. Finally, RSV + CoQ10 promoted the differentiation of neural progenitors. The combination of RSV + CoQ10 represents a potential treatment to improve MSCs capacities and protect against neurodegenerative damage.

Inactivación del virus Zika con medio de transporte de ácidos nucleicos, potencialmente aplicable a muestras clínicas para el diagnóstico molecular de SARS-CoV-2 / Inactivation of Zika virus with nucleic acids transport media, potentially applicable to clinical samples for the molecular diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2

RESUMEN Introducción: Los medios de colecta de muestras clínicas con capacidad de desnaturalizar virus reducen los riesgos de contagio durante el transporte y procesamiento. Objetivo: Emplear el medio de transporte de ácidos nucleicos (TAN) en muestras de exudado nasofaríngeo colectadas para el diagnóstico de SARS-CoV-2. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio experimental para demostrar la capacidad del medio de inactivar la infectividad viral. Se tomó como modelo de virus envuelto el virus Zika (VZk), cuyo nivel de bioseguridad es 2. Se evaluó el desempeño clínico del medio TAN para el diagnóstico de SARS-CoV-2. Se empleó una cepa del VZk propagada en la línea celular Vero y, previo a la infección de las células, el VZk se puso en contacto a intervalos de tiempo diferentes (2; 15 y 30 min) con el medio TAN puro; y luego se realizaron diluciones seriadas (10-1-10-4). La inactivación viral se evaluó por RT-PCR, en el sobrenadante y células colectadas, al culminar el periodo de propagación. El desempeño clínico del medio TAN se estimó tomando como referencia el CITOSWAB® VTM, en 30 exudados nasofaríngeos colectados para diagnóstico de la infección por SARS-CoV-2. Resultados: El VZk preservó su infectividad a diluciones del inóculo ≥ 10-2, independientemente del tiempo de contacto. La sensibilidad y especificidad clínica del medio TAN para el diagnóstico de SARS-CoV-2 fueron del 100 %, respectivamente. Conclusiones: Los resultados sugieren que muestras clínicas positivas a VZk en diluciones ≤ 10-1 del medio TAN pueden ser manipuladas de forma segura, lo que pudiera aplicarse potencialmente al diagnóstico molecular del SARS-CoV-2.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Collection media of clinical samples with the capacity to denature viruses reduce the risk of contagion during transportation and processing. Objective: To use the nucleic acids transport media (NATM) in nasopharyngeal swab samples collected for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2. Methods: An experimental study was conducted to demonstrate the medium capacity to inactivate viral infectivity. Zika virus (ZIKV), of biosafety level 2, was used as an enveloped virus model. The clinical performance of the NATM for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 was evaluated. A ZIKV strain propagated in the Vero cell line was used and, prior to cells infection, ZIKV was in contact at different intervals (2; 15, and 30 min) with pure NATM; subsequently, serial dilutions (10-1-10-4) were performed. Viral inactivation was evaluated by RT-PCR in the supernatant and the collected cells when the propagation period was completed. CITOSWAB® VTM was used as reference to estimate the clinical performance of the NATM in 30 nasopharyngeal swabs collected for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results: ZIKV remained infectious at inoculum dilutions of ≥ 10-2, regardless of contact time. Clinical specificity and sensitivity of the NATM for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 were 100%, respectively. Conclusions: Results suggest that ZIKV positive clinical samples at dilutions ≤ 10-1 of the NATM can be safely handled, which could potentially be applied to the molecular diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2.

Impacto medioambiental y socioeconómico en la salud generado por la minería artesanal del oro en Colombia

Introducción: Este artículo de revisión sistemática describe el impacto medioambiental y socioeconómico en salud generado por la minería artesanal del oro en Colombia. Para el estudio se tuvieron en cuenta artículos publicados entre 2010 y 2019. El objetivo de esta revisión bibliográfica fue describir el impacto medioambiental y socioeconómico en la salud generado por la minería artesanal del oro en Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Trabajo construido mediante revisión sistemática, usando los siguientes descriptores: minería, sector informal, riesgo a la salud, condiciones de salud. Para esta búsqueda se utilizaron las bases de datos Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, Publindex, así como la normatividad colombiana. Resultados: Se desarrollan las categorías ambientales, socioeconómico y salud. En la categoría ambiental se detalla información sobre sostenibilidad ambiental, manejo de vertimientos, pruebas fisicoquímicas y control gubernamental; En la categoría socioeconómica se describen los dilemas entre minería y medio ambiente, el dilema entre pequeña minería o artesanal y minería a gran escala o industrializada, y el conflicto social y económico. En la categoría salud se analizan las afectaciones y la percepción de la población sobre los daños en la salud, la protección laboral, la innovación social y las oportunidades de cambio para una producción más limpia y saludable. Conclusiones: Los estudios realizados se concentran principalmente en el departamento de Antioquia evidenciando la necesidad de realizar investigaciones en otras zonas del país. A pesar de que en Colombia existe legislación minera, se requiere que el gobierno establezca medidas efectivas de control, capacite y socialice a los mineros sobre métodos adecuados de procesamiento del oro, garantizado el desarrollo ambiental, social y protección laboral.

Introduction: This systematic review article describes the environmental and socioeconomic impact on health generated by handmade gold mining in Colombia. For this study articles published between 2010 and 2019 were considered. The objective of this bibliographic review is to describe the environmental and socioeconomic impact on health generated by gold mining in Colombia. Materials and methods: Work constructed through systematic review, using the following descriptors: mining, informal sector, health risk, health conditions. For this search, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, Publindex databases were used, as well as Colombian regulations. Results: The environmental, socioeconomic, and health categories were developed. In the environmental category, information on environmental sustainability, management of discharges, physicochemical tests, and government control is detailed. In the socioeconomic category, the dilemmas between mining and the environment are described, the dilemma between small or artisanal mining and large-scale or industrialized mining, and the social and economic conflict. In the third category, health, the effects and perception of the population regarding health damage, labor protection, social innovation, and opportunities for change for cleaner and healthier production are analyzed. Conclusions: The studies carried out are mainly concentrated in the department of Antioquia, showing the need to carry out research in other areas of the country. Although there is mining legislation in Colombia, the government is required to establish effective control measures, train, and socialize the miners on adequate gold processing methods, guaranteeing the environmental and social development and protection of its miners.

Estrategia educativa intercultural para la prevención del cáncer de cuello cérvico uterino en el resguardo de Paujil, Amazonia Colombiana / Intercultural educational strategy for the prevention of cervical cancer in Paujil Resguardo Amazonía colombiana

RESUMEN Los pueblos indígenas siguen sufriendo inequidades, a pesar de los avances relacionados con la protección de la diversidad étnica y cultural, siendo las mujeres uno de los grupos de mayor riesgo, sobre todo, en lo referente a la salud sexual y reproductiva, situación contemplada como un compromiso de acción en los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible. En ese contexto, esta investigación acción participativa buscó construir una estrategia educativa intercultural, sostenible y segura culturalmente que, a propósito de la prevención del cáncer de cuello uterino, aportará al empoderamiento y la conservación de la salud de las mujeres habitantes del resguardo de Paujil -Colombia. La iniciativa surgió de mujeres indígenas preocupadas por mejorar la salud de sus congéneres y un grupo de investigadores. La construcción de una estrategia educativa intercultural representa un reto, pues la pedagogía occidental no necesariamente corresponde a las concepciones de enseñanza aprendizaje de las indígenas del resguardo. Hay dificultades lingüísticas, pues cada etnia tiene su propia lengua. Las indígenas lideresas se convirtieron en las facilitadoras del proceso que se centró más en el uso de la oralidad y encuentros entre mujeres, que se conocen entre sí. Las mujeres prefieren estrategias didácticas basadas en compartir experiencias y el uso de cartillas y videos. El trabajo permitió concluir que cualquier estrategia educativa intercultural que se proponga debe ser específica y acorde a las necesidades de las comunidades.

ABSTRACT Despite the advances related to the protection of ethnic and cultural diversity, indigenous people continue to suffer inequities, with women being one of the groups most at risk, especially concerning sexual and reproductive health, a situation considered as a problem, a commitment to action in the sustainable development goals. In this context, this Participatory action research searched to build an intercultural educational strategy, sustainable and culturally safe, which, concerning the prevention of cervical cancer, would contribute to the empowerment and conservation of the health of the women who live in the Paujil reservation-Colombia. The initiative arose from indigenous women concerned about improving the health of their peers, and a group of researchers. The construction of an intercultural educational strategy represents a challenge since western pedagogy does not necessarily correspond to the teaching-learning conceptions of the indigenous people of the reservation. There are linguistic difficulties because each ethnic group has its language. The indigenous leaders became the facilitators of the process that focused more on the use of orality and meetings between women who know each other. Women prefer a didactic strategy based on sharing experiences, and the use of primers, and videos. The work allowed to conclude that any proposed of intercultural educational strategy must be specific and according to the needs of the communities.

Latin American Nursing and Its Social and Cultural Resignification / La enfermería latinoamericana y su re-significación social y cultural / A enfermagem latino-americana e sua ressignificação social e cultural

The article reflects on the importance of leadership and empowerment in Latin American nursing as a collective body responsible for participating in and making public health and health worker policies. For this, it spotlights the contribution that nursing, as a discipline based on research and theory, makes to knowledge, which relies upon the evidence of care in the health-disease process of individuals, families, and groups. It also posits the region's nurse shortage issue, the unequal recognition of nursing as a human care profession, and the need for action and prominence to face the challenge of redefining it.

El artículo aborda una reflexión sobre la importancia del liderazgo y empoderamiento de la enfermería Latinoamericana como cuerpo colectivo, que tiene una responsabilidad en la participación y construcción de la política pública de salud y su talento humano, a partir de la visibilizacion del aporte que, como disciplina fundamentada en investigación y teoría, realiza al conocimiento basado en evidencia del cuidado de los proceso de salud enfermedad de los individuos familias y colectivos. Plantea, además, la problemática de escasez de profesionales de enfermería en la región, la inequidad en el reconocimiento de su valor como profesión del cuidado humano y la necesidad de acción y protagonismo para enfrentar los desafíos de una real re- significación de la profesión.

Este artigo aborda uma reflexão sobre a importância da liderança e empoderamento da enfermagem latino-americana como corpo coletivo que tem uma responsabilidade na participação e construção da política pública de saúde e seu talento humano. Isso a partir da visibilização da contribuição que a enfermagem, como disciplina fundamentada na pesquisa e na teoria, dá ao conhecimento, o qual está baseado na evidência do cuidado dos processos de saúde-doença dos indivíduos, das famílias e dos coletivos. Além disso, propõe-se que a problemática da escassez de profissionais de enfermagem na região, a inequidade no reconhecimento de seu valor como profissão do cuidado humano e a necessidade de ação e protagonismo para enfrentar os desafios de uma real ressignificação da profissão.

A nutrition education intervention to improve eating behaviors of children with autism spectrum disorder: Study protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder that affects communication and social behaviors. Children with ASD often experience mealtime behavior challenges and selective eating behaviors. They also tend to consume fewer fruits and vegetables and more high-energy dense foods, compared to neurotypical peers. A nutrition intervention was designed to prevent the development of feeding disorders and the long-term negative health impacts associated with poor dietary intake. This randomized controlled trial will evaluate the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of the nutrition education intervention for children with ASD and their parents through the Early Intervention (EI) services. We will recruit EI providers and parent-child dyads (n = 48) from EI programs, and randomly assign them into Autism Eats intervention (n = 24) or enhance usual care (EUC) comparison group (n = 24). The Autism Eats is 10 weekly sessions delivered individually as part of EI, while the EUC group will receive only 1 nutrition education session and then weekly parent handouts. The Autism Eats integrates ASD-specific feeding strategies and behaviorally-focused intervention strategies such as goal setting. Feasibility indicators include reach/participation, attrition, completion, fidelity, compatibility, and qualitative participant feedback. Outcome measures include dietary intakes and mealtime behaviors of children with ASD using 3-day food records and a validated questionnaire, the Brief Autism Mealtime Behavior Inventory (BAMBI). We will examine whether there are differences in children's food intakes, variety, diet quality, and mealtime behaviors between Autism Eats and EUC groups at post-intervention and 5-month follow-up assessment. This study will provide critical data to inform a full-scale randomized controlled trial.

Trends Assessing Neuromuscular Fatigue in Team Sports: A Narrative Review.

Neuromuscular fatigue is defined as a reduction induced by exercise in the maximal voluntary force that a muscle or group of muscles can generate. An accumulation of work or an incomplete force restoration can significantly influence the neuromuscular performance in both the short and long terms. Thus, fatigue management is essential for controlling the training adaptations of athletes and reducing their susceptibility to injury and illness. The main individualized monitoring tools used to describe fatigue are questionnaires and subjective assessments of fatigue, biochemical markers, sprint tests, and vertical jump tests. Among the subjective measures, the rating of the perceived exertion has been widely used because of its simplicity and high validity. In terms of the objective measures, one of the more frequently employed tools by practitioners to assess neuromuscular fatigue is the countermovement jump. Because of its high validity and reliability, it is accepted as the reference standard test in sports, in general, and particularly in team sports. Our review aims to clarify how all these indicators, as well as several devices, can help coaches in different sports contexts to monitor neuromuscular fatigue, and how these procedures should be used to obtain data that can be used to make decisions in complex environments.

Endothelin-Converting Enzyme 1 and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor as Potential Biomarkers during Ex Vivo Lung Perfusion with Prolonged Hypothermic Lung-Sparing.

Lung transplantation requires optimization of donor's organ use through ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) to avoid primary graft dysfunction. Biomarkers can aid in organ selection by providing early evidence of suboptimal lungs during EVLP and thus avoid high-risk transplantations. However, predictive biomarkers of pulmonary graft function such as endothelin-converting enzyme (ECE-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) have not been described under EVLP with standard prolonged hypothermic preservation, which are relevant in situations where lung procurement is difficult or far from the transplantation site. Therefore, this study is aimed at quantifying ECE-1 and VEGF, as well as determining their association with hemodynamic, gasometric, and mechanical ventilatory parameters in a swine model of EVLP with standard prolonged hypothermic preservation. Using a protocol with either immediate (I-) or delayed (D-) initiation of EVLP, ECE-1 levels over time were found to remain constant in both study groups (p > 0.05 RM-ANOVA), while the VEGF protein was higher after prolonged preservation, but it decreased throughout EVLP (p > 0.05 RM-ANOVA). Likewise, hemodynamic, gasometric, mechanical ventilatory, and histological parameters had a tendency to better results after 12 hours of hypothermic preservation in the delayed infusion group.