The effectiveness of postoperative rehabilitation interventions that include breathing exercises to prevent pulmonary atelectasis in lung cancer resection patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: The main aim of this systematic review was to determine the effectiveness of postoperative rehabilitation interventions that include breathing exercises as a component to prevent atelectasis in lung cancer resection patients. METHODS: In this review, we systematically and comprehensively searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science in English and CNKI and Wanfang in Chinese from 2012 to 2022. The review included any randomized controlled trials focusing on the effectiveness of postoperative rehabilitation interventions that include breathing exercises to prevent pulmonary atelectasis in lung cancer patients. Participants who underwent anatomic pulmonary resection and received postoperative rehabilitation interventions that included breathing exercises as a component were included in this review. The study quality and risks of bias were measured with the GRADE and Cochrane Collaboration tools, and statistical analysis was performed utilizing RevMan 5.3 software. RESULTS: The incidence of atelectasis was significantly lower in the postoperative rehabilitation intervention group (OR = 0.35; 95% CI, 0.18 to 0.67; I2 = 0%; P = 0.67) than in the control group. The patients who underwent the postoperative rehabilitation program that included breathing exercises (intervention group) had higher forced vital capacity (FVC) scores (MD = 0.24; 95% CI, 0.07 to 0.41; I2 = 73%; P = 0.02), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) scores (MD = 0.31; 95% CI, 0.03 to 0.60; I2 = 98%; P < 0.01) and FEV1/FVC ratios (MD = 9.09; 95% CI, 1.50 to 16.67; I2 = 94%; P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Postoperative rehabilitation interventions that included breathing exercises decreased the incidence rate of atelectasis and improved lung function by increasing the FVC, FEV1, and FEV1/FVC ratio.

Jujuboside A Exhibits an Antiepileptogenic Effect in the Rat Model via Protection against Traumatic Epilepsy-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Responses.

Traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are the greatest source of death in trauma, and post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE) is one of the common complications of TBI. Oxidative stress and inflammatory responses play an important role in the process of PTE. Many studies have shown that Jujuboside A has powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, it is not known whether Jujuboside A has an anti-epileptic effect. The influences of Jujuboside A in the experimental FeCl3-induced model of PTE were tested by estimating the grade of seizures and performing behavioral tests. Following that, we detected oxidative stress indicators and inflammatory factors. Additionally, western blotting was used to test the protein levels of signaling molecules in MAPK pathways. In this study, Jujuboside A was found to have improved the recognition deficiency and epilepsy syndromes in the experimental rat model. Moreover, oxidative stress and inflammatory responses induced by FeCl3 injection were relieved by Jujuboside A. In addition, Jujuboside A was found to be capable of reducing the increased expression of p-P38 and p-ERK1/2 caused by iron ions. Collectively, our results demonstrated that Jujuboside A exhibits an antiepileptogenic effect by alleviating oxidative stress and inflammatory responses via the p38 and ERK1/2 pathways.

Effects of minimally invasive approaches on chronic subdural hematoma by novel YL-1 puncture needle and burr-hole methods.

The objective of this study is to investigate effects of minimally invasive approaches on outcome of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) by novel YL-1 puncture needle and burr-hole methods. A retrospective analysis was performed in 158 hospitalized CSDH patients from January, 2013 to December, 2017 in Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Patients' gender, age, history of trauma, volume of hematoma, hematoma location, application of urokinase, surgical approach, the operation time, hospitalized time, and CT scans 3 months after discharge were recorded. Prognostic indicators including symptom relief and post-hospital neuro-imaging findings were extracted to evaluate surgical efficacy. Statistical methods were conducted to evaluate surgical efficacy. Both YL-1 puncture needle and burr-hole surgeries had a satisfying follow-up (93.67%). There was non-significant group difference in follow-up results (p > 0.05). While YL-1 needle group needs less operation time ((p < 0.001) and hospitalized time (p < 0.001), gender (p = 0.144), age (p = 0.394), history of head trauma (p = 0.445), volume of hematoma (p = 0.068), hematoma location (p = 0.281), and application of urokinase (p = 0.545) were shown non-significantly associated with these two minimally invasive approaches. Volume of hematoma was significantly associated with follow-up outcomes (p = 0.016). Novel YL-1 puncture needle and classic burr-hole craniotomy are both proved to be safe and effective minimally invasive surgeries, which can provide an early intervention and minimally invasive strategy for neurosurgeons.

MicroRNA-590-3p enhances the radioresistance in glioblastoma cells by targeting LRIG1.

microRNA (miR)-590 has been found to serve potential roles in cancer development; however, the expression and function of miR-590 in human gliomas remains to be elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the expression of miR-590 in human glioma tissues and radioresistant human glioblastoma cells (U251R), and to determine the effect and related molecular mechanism of miR-590-3p on the radiosensitivity of U251R cells in vitro. The results from reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction indicated that miR-590-3p was upregulated in human glioma tissues and radioresistant human glioblastoma cells, and that miR-590-3p expression was higher in high grade than in low grade gliomas. In vitro experiments revealed that the miR-590-3p inhibitor enhanced the radiosensitivity of U251R cells by suppressing cell viability, decreasing colony formation capacity and increasing cell apoptosis rate, as demonstrated by MTT, colony formation and flow cytometry analyses. A luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains protein 1 (LRIG1) was a direct target of miR-590-3p. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the effect of miR-590-3p suppression on cell viability, colony formation capacity and cell apoptosis rate was attenuated by the knockdown of LRIG1 in the U251R cells. In conclusion, the present study revealed that miR-590-3p was upregulated in human glioma tissues and radioresistant human glioblastoma cells, and miR-590-3p contributes to the radioresistance of human glioblastoma cells by directly targeting LRIG1. These findings may provide potential therapeutic strategies to prevent radioresistance in human gliomas.

Expression of transferrin in hematoma brain tissue at different stages after intra cerebral hemorrhage in rats.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the expression of transferrin (Tf) and transferrin receptor (TfR) in hematoma brain tissue at different stage after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in rats. METHODS: ICH rats model were established by collagenase method, and rats were sacrificed at 24 h, 72 h, 7 d and 14 d after operation. The levels of Tf and TfR in different periods of rats were detected by immunohistochemical method, and correlation between two groups was analyzed. RESULTS: Tf, TfR-positive cells at each time after operation in observation group were significantly higher than that in control group (P < 0.05). Tf, TfR-positive cells began to increase from 24 h after the operation and reached the peak 72 h-7 d after surgery, but then gradually decreased. Tf was mainly expressed in nucleus and cytoplasm of neurons and glial cells around the hematoma, but TfR was mainly expressed in nucleus and cytoplasm of neurons and choroid plexus endothelial cells. Correlation analysis showed that the Tf-positive cell was significantly positively correlated with TfR-positive cell expression (r = 0.447, P = 0.022). CONCLUSIONS: Tf and TfR were important transporters in brain tissue excessive load iron transport after ICH, and detecting the expression levels of the two indicators can provide a reference for prognosis treatment in ICH.