[THE DETERMINATION OF EFFECTIVE EQUIVALENT DOSES DURING CHEST RADIOLOGY IN PATIENTS].

As is known, medical radiation has a big impact on the increase of population doses, which determines the risk of increasing population's radiation. Thus, it is relevant the determination of the radiation doses in patients during X-ray diagnostic procedures up to now. The aim of our research is the examination of the effective equivalent doses and their determination during X-ray. Due to the experimental modeling method by using phantom and TLD it has been determined average absorbed doses in separate organs of patients, also the effective equivalent dose during chest organs radiology, which is 122 mrem. It has been relieved that numerical index of the effective equivalent dose was significantly different from consistent inputted exposure and superficial dose indexes, that where often used for the assessment of radiation risk in patients, HE is eight times different from the corresponding value of EED, which amounted to about 1400mR per 1000 mR of EED. It has been established that on "other" organs (on the liver and gastrointestinal tract) the radiation has a big importance for the whole organism radiation exposure in the total effect. The protection of these organs is advisable in every cases, if they are the research object of X-ray or not. Additionally, the contribution of "other" organs is not less than lung lobes, which do not present the research object of X-ray. It has been established the prospects of computing methods due to conducted studies for the determination of the effective equivalent dose in patients for the assessment of X-ray radiation risk.

Social environment, bases social markers and health care system in Shida Kartli region.

Difficult social conditions are accompanied by poor health status and limited access to quality social services. Accessibility to the health care is one of the important patient right universally. Although formally in place, health services are deprived of any means to assist the population. From 1600 respondents 58,8% paid for medical bills on their own, and 8.7% of respondents had health insurance that covered medical and health expenses. Almost every fifth respondent (18.5%) had access to supplemental financial support from friends and relatives. The vast majority of respondents considered the care received from medical services providers as being positive. 17.8% of respondents evaluated it as having been "very good", and every second out of five respondents (42.7%) evaluated it as having been "good". Every twentieth patient (5.2%) evaluated it as "poor" and 3.7% -"very bad", 29% of respondents are affiliated with various governmental programs. Social-economic situation influenced on the accessibility to the medical care. An effective of social policy is the system of prevention of risk factors.

Factors associated with increased serum levels of specific markers of myocardial injury--cardiac troponins T and I in chronic haemodialysis patients.

Serum concentrations of the cardiac troponins (cTn) T and I, specific markers of myocardial injury, are frequently elevated in haemodialysis patients. The clinical relevance of this is unclear. The purpose of this research was to investigate possible factors associated with increased serum levels of cardiac troponins (cTn) T and I, specific markers of myocardial injury, in chronic haemodialysis patients. Cross-sectional research was conducted and 150 chronic haemodialysis patients without acute coronary symptoms were investigated (mean age of patients 60+/-15 years). Clinical and echocardiographic data, biochemical status, and haemodialysis regimen were evaluated for each patient. Pre-dialysis serum cTnT, cTnI, and CK-MB concentrations were determined. Logistic regression was the principal method of analysis. Pre-dialysis levels of cTnT >0.1 ng/ml (n=28, 19.6% of patients) were associated with age (P<0.001), diabetes (P<0.005), history of ischemic heart disease (P<0.05), and left ventricular hypertrophy (P<0.05). In multivariate analysis, age odds ratio (OR 1.04), diabetes (OR 4.9), and indexed left ventricular mass (OR 1.01) were found to be independently associated with cTnT concentration above the threshold. Elevated baseline serum levels of cardiac troponins were associated with cardiovascular risk factors, history of ischemic heart disease and left ventricular hypertrophy in asymptomatic chronic haemodialysis patients.