Sprengel's Deformity: A Paediatric Case Report.

Sprengel's deformity is a conspicuous anomaly, affecting one or both scapulas. The congenital elevation of the scapula is frequently accompanied by additional anomalies, such as rib, vertebral, or muscular deformities, among which are rib fusion or vertebral deformity. Defects in the cervical vertebrae are most likely to result in Klippel-Feil syndrome, which is characterised by a short neck, restrictions on head mobility, and low-growing neck hair. Fewer than half of the instances had scoliosis, which is compensatory due to efforts to straighten the spine. The present case report was the case of Sprengel's deformity reported to our department.

Navigating Pediatric Capnography: A Comprehensive Review of Scope and Limitations.

This review comprehensively explores pediatric capnography, a vital tool in contemporary respiratory monitoring. The overview encompasses the foundational principles of capnography, elucidating its real-time measurement of carbon dioxide (CO2) in respiratory gases. The review emphasizes its paramount role in pediatric care and underscores capnography's significance in detecting respiratory abnormalities and guiding timely interventions. The distinctions between mainstream and sidestream capnography, the key to understanding their applications, are meticulously outlined. Addressing the importance of ongoing research and education, the review advocates for a dynamic approach to refine guidelines and optimize capnography utilization in pediatric settings. The conclusion reflects on the scope and limitations of pediatric capnography, acknowledging its transformative impact while advocating for a judicious recognition of constraints. As we navigate the future of pediatric respiratory care, the synergy of research, education, and clinical application emerges as the cornerstone for advancing pediatric capnography to new horizons.

Rare Case of Ludwig's Angina in a Child.

The parents of an 11-month-old infant presented her to the hospital due to her persistent fever and the presence of a swollen neck over a period of four days. Inflammation and discomfort were observed on both sides of her neck, particularly around the parotid glands. Notably, a localized collection of pus was identified beneath her left jaw while both sides of her jaw exhibited swelling, albeit with less sensitivity. A neck scan revealed an infection in the jaw region, accompanied by swelling in the facial skin and underlying tissue. The diagnosis rendered was Ludwig's angina, for which the prescribed course of treatment involved administering intravenous antibiotics such as amikacin, vancomycin, and Meropenem. The patient exhibited improvement after the treatment and was subsequently discharged from the hospital.

An Unusual Presentation of Neonatal Sepsis as Hyperleukocytosis With Firm Lymphadenopathy: A Diagnostic Challenge.

The neonatal leukemoid reaction is an acute response of the body to stress. Any inflammatory processes in the newborn period may lead to an increase in the white blood cell (WBC) count. Hyperleukocytosis refers to an extremely elevated leukocyte count beyond 100,000/cubic millimeter (cumm). Here, we report a case of a leukemoid reaction in a newborn who presented with fever, swelling over the neck, and failure to thrive. Peripheral smear showed the presence of all precursors of white blood cells, but no blast cells were seen. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) did not show any abnormal cells or any evidence of leukemia. Hence, the diagnosis of a leukemoid reaction was made. Hyperleukocytosis presenting as palpable lymphadenopathy in a neonate is a rare finding that was seen in this case secondary to septicemia.