Clinical and CBCT Assessment of Crestal Bone Changes in Immediate and Delayed Placement of Implant.

Objectives: The present research was done to assess the crestal bone changes in immediate and delayed dental implant placement. Materials and Method: Twenty four implant sites in participants within the age group of 25-60 years in both genders were done with immediate (Group I) and delayed implant (Group II) placement method. Clinical parameters such as pain, mobility, and radiographic assessment for crestal bone alterations were recorded at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Results and Conclusion: On intergroup assessment, the mean variation of the pain, mobility, and crestal bone loss was insignificant.

A Comparative Assessment of Peri-implant Soft and Hard Tissues with Immediate and Delayed Implants.

AIM AND OBJECTIVE: This study was done to assess peri-implant soft tissues and hard tissues in immediate and delayed titanium implants cases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted on 84 patients who were randomly divided into two groups. Group I was immediate implant group (42 patients) and group II was delayed implant group (42 patients). Parameters such as peri-implant esthetic score, crestal bone defect, and densitometry of peri-implant were evaluated after 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months. RESULTS: The mean peri-implant esthetic score at first week in group I was 7.4 and in group II was 5.8, at first month in group I was 6.8 and in group II was 4.6, at third month in group I was 6.7 and in group II was 4.5 and at sixth month in group I was 6.4 and in group II was 4.4. The difference was significant (p value < 0.05). The mean peri-implant crestal bone loss (mm) after 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months in group I was 0.24, 0.64, 0.86, and 1.04 and in group II was 0.28, 0.70, 0.94, and 1.14, respectively. The difference was nonsignificant (p value > 0.05). The mean peri-implant bone densitometry after 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months in group I was 52.4, 45.6, 42.4, and 40.2 and in group II was 64.2, 60.5, 55.2, and 47.6, respectively. The difference was significant (p value < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Instantaneous implants exhibited enhanced esthetic and purposeful result such as healing of peri-implant bone and peri-implant soft tissues when compared to delayed implants. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Immediate implants can be used to improve esthetic and determined result in healing of peri-implant bone and peri-implant soft tissues.

Evaluation of Clinical Parameters in Implant Maintenance Phase for Prevention of Peri-implantitis.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: Peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis are one of the common biological complications affecting implant success. The present study aimed to evaluate various clinical parameters during implant maintenance phase. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included patients undergoing implant maintenance phase for 1-year follow-up. The study consists of a total of forty individuals with age ranging from 35 to 65 years. They were further categorized into two subgroups on the basis of their history, i.e., Group 1: patients with no history of periodontitis before implant placement and Group 2: patients with a history of periodontitis before implant placement. Among the selected patients, a total of 98 implants were studied. All were individually evaluated for clinical parameters such as gingival index, pocket probing depth (PPD), and bleeding on probing (BOP). All the data obtained were tabulated and analyzed using statistical software SPSS version 18.0 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, USA). Quantitative analysis was done using t-test and Mann-Whitney U-test. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients in Group 1 and Group 2 was 58.6 and 62.8 years, respectively, with not much gender difference. The mean plaque index for Group 1 was 0.17 ± 0.20, while for Group 2, it was 0.24 ± 0.14. The mean PPD and mean BOP for Group 1 came to be 2.60 ± 0.42 and 0.42 ± 0.15, respectively, whereas for Group 2, it was 4.08 ± 0.30 and 0.39 ± 0.48, respectively. Only PPD was found to be statistically significantly different between both the groups. Group 1 showed 2.0% peri-implantitis, whereas Group 2 showed 28% peri-implantitis. CONCLUSION: Due to increased prevalence of peri-implantitis cases with the increase in usage of implants, it becomes imperative to look up to the etiological factors and contributing factors so that the incidence of these can be minimized.

Long-term Retrospective Study based on Implant Success Rate in Patients with Risk Factor: 15-year Follow-up.

AIM: The purpose of this retrospective study is to assess implant success rates with various risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred patients with a total of 650 implants were selected. Risk factors, such as smoking, antidepressants, bruxism, diabetes, and bone augmentation procedures were considered, and patients were followed up for a period of 8 to 15 years. RESULTS: Of 650 implants placed, the success rate was 88%, i.e., a total of 572 implants were successful. A total of 78 implants were considered failure; and out of 78, twenty implants were surgically removed. CONCLUSION: Based on this study's results, it is concluded that risk factors, such as smoking, bruxism, diabetes, and bone augmentation play an important role in success rate of dental implants. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Several factors, such as bruxism, diabetes, and supporting bone can play an important role in dental implant success.

In vitro Comparative Evaluation of Tensile Bond Strength of 6(th), 7(th) and 8(th) Generation Dentin Bonding Agents.

BACKGROUND: Newer dentin bonding agents were developed to improve the quality of composite restoration and to reduce time consumption in its application. The aim of the present study was to evaluate tensile bond strength of 6(th), 7(th) and 8(th) generation bonding agents by in vitro method. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Selected 60 permanent teeth were assigned into 20 in each group (Group I: 6(th) generation bonding agent-Adper SE plus 3M ESPE, Group II: 7(th) generation bonding agent-G-Bond GC Corp Japan and Group III: 8(th) generation dentin adhesives-FuturaBond, DC, Voco, Germany). With high-speed diamond disc, coronal dentin was exposed, and selected dentin bonding agents were applied, followed by composite restoration. All samples were saved in saline for 24 h and tensile bond strength testing was done using a universal testing machine. The obtained data were tabulated and statistically analyzed using ANOVA test. RESULTS: The tensile bond strength readings for 6(th) generation bonding agent was 32.2465, for 7(th) generation was 31.6734, and for 8(th)-generation dentine bonding agent was 34.74431. The highest tensile bond strength was seen in 8(th) generation bonding agent compared to 6(th) and 7(th) generation bonding agents. CONCLUSION: From the present study it can be conclude that 8(th) generation dentine adhesive (Futura DC, Voco, Germany) resulted in highest tensile bond strength compared to 6(th) (Adper SE plus, 3M ESPE) and 7(th) generation (G-Bond) dentin bonding agents.