The attitude towards Medical Device-Related Pressure Injuries Questionnaire: a Turkish validity and reliability study.

BACKGROUND: The attitudes of nurses should be measured using valid and reliable tools to develop effective nursing care strategies for the prevention of medical device-related pressure injuries and to organize necessary training programs. PURPOSE: This study was planned to conduct the Turkish validity and reliability study of the Attitude towards Medical Device-Related Pressure Ulcers/Injuries Questionnaire (MDRPU/I Questionnaire (the English-language version)) in nurses. METHODS: This methodological study included 134 nurses working in hospitals of different sizes and characteristics (public hospitals, training and research hospitals, and university hospitals) in Turkey. The validity and reliability of the Attitude Towards Medical Device-Related Pressure Injuries (MDRPI Questionnaire (the Turkish-language version)) Questionnaire were tested using language validity, content validity, face validity, construct validity, and reliability analyses. RESULTS: The final version of the questionnaire had a content validity index of 98.03%, sufficient construct validity, and a Cronbach α value of 0.92 for the total questionnaire. CONCLUSIONS: The Turkish version of the MDRPI Questionnaire is valid, reliable, and suitable for measuring the attitudes of nurses in Turkey toward the prevention and care of medical device-related pressure injuries.

Spiritual Care Support Perception and Spiritual Care Competence of Nursing Students in Turkey: A Quasi-Experimental Study.

This study aimed to assess the spiritual care support perception and spiritual care competence of nursing students, and the effect of a spiritual care course on their perceptions and competence in this regard. The study was conducted within the Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing located in the south of Turkey. Data were collected through the Descriptive Characteristics Form, Spiritual Support Perception Scale, and Spiritual Care Competence Scale. The results of this study show that; there was a significant difference between the total spiritual care competence scale score averages of the control group students and the experimental group students. There was a significant difference between the total spiritual support perception scale score averages of the control group students and the experimental group students. Based on this study, it is recommended to further extend this study by adding spiritual care course content to the curriculum for junior and senior students to reveal the differences between the years, and to evaluate the knowledge of the students.

Relationships Among Self-Care Agency, Health Perceptions, and Activities of Daily Living in Patients After Tracheostomy: A Cross-sectional Multisite Study.

BACKGROUND: Patients who have undergone tracheostomy may feel weak, perceive a change in their health status, and have difficulty performing activities of daily living (ADL) following hospital discharge. PURPOSE: To investigate the relationships among self-care agency, health perception, and ADL in patients after tracheostomy. METHODS: A cross-sectional multisite descriptive study was conducted between December 31, 2019, and March 31, 2020. The sample consisted of 123 patients discharged from 3 hospitals in different regions of Turkey who agreed to participate in the study, were discharged with a tracheostomy, and received home care for at least 1 month (maximum 3 months) after discharge. The Sociodemographic Characteristics Form, the Self-Care Agency Scale (SCAS), Perception of Health Scale (PHS), and Activities of Daily Living (ADL) Scale were used and completed during face-to-face interviews. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, analysis of variance, and Pearson correlation analysis were used to analyze data; P < .05 was accepted as the level of significance. RESULTS: Sixty-three (63) of 123 patients (51.2%) were 65 years and older, 86 (69.9%) were male, and 62 (50%) did not receive regular outpatient care. Most underwent surgery < 45 days ago (69; 56%), had cancer (92; 75%), and spent between zero and 185 US dollars per month on tracheostomy care (94; 76%). Compared with patients who received regular outpatient care, SCAS, PHS, and ADL scores were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in patients who did not receive this care. Overall scores showed moderate self-care agency and health perception, and the average ADL scores (14.92 ± 3.05) were in the independent range. Statistically significant positive correlations were found between health perception and self-care agency (r = 0.628; P = .001), health perception and ADL (r = 0.238; P = .008), and self-care agency and ADL (r = 0.461; P = .001). CONCLUSION: Patients who underwent tracheostomy had moderate SCAS and PHS scores, were able to perform ADL independently, and the scores were correlated. Patients with access to outpatient care had significantly higher SCAS, PHS, and ADL scores than patients who did not. Follow-up care may affect all dimensions of health and well-being.

Relationships Among Body Perception, Life Satisfaction, and Attitude Toward Seeking Psychological Help in Patients With a Tracheostomy After Discharge: A Descriptive and Cross-sectional Study.

A patient with a tracheostomy may have impaired body perception, reduced life satisfaction, and a need for psychological help after discharge. PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the relationships among body perception, life satisfaction, and attitude toward seeking psychological help in patients with a tracheostomy after discharge. METHODS: The data were collected between November 2019 and January 2020. The sample consisted of 60 patients with a tracheostomy who agreed to participate in the study voluntarily, were discharged with a tracheostomy, and continued home care for at least 1 month (maximum 3 months) after discharge. Thirty-three (33) of these patients (55%) were older than 65 years of age, and 45 patients (75%) were female. The Sociodemographic Characteristics Form, the Body Cathexis Scale, the Satisfaction With Life Scale, and the Attitude Scale toward Seeking Psychological Help were used in data collection. Data were collected via face-to-face interviews between patients and researchers using paper-and-pencil questionnaires and were analyzed. Descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, analysis of variance, and Pearson correlation analysis were used to analyze the data; P < .05 was accepted as the level of significance. RESULTS: The mean Body Cathexis Scale score of all 60 patients was 127.03 ± 29.02 (minimum 40; maximum 200), their mean score on the the Satisfaction With Life scale was 16.20 ± 6.55 (minimum 5; maximum 35), and the mean score on the Attitude Scale toward Seeking Psychological Help was 55.21 ± 12.19 (minimum 18; maximum 90). Statistically significant correlations were found between body perceptions and life satisfaction (r = 0.419, P <.001), body perceptions and attitude toward seeking psychological help (r = 0.530, P < .001), and life satisfaction and attitude toward seeking psychological help (r = 0.448, P < .001). CONCLUSION: In this study, patients with a tracheostomy who had a good body perception and higher life satisfaction had a more positive attitude toward seeking psychological help. Additional studies are needed to confirm these results and explore the effects of correlations to improve the well-being of persons with a tracheostomy.

The effects of psychoeducation based on the cognitive-behavioral approach on premenstrual syndrome symptoms: A randomized controlled trial.

PURPOSE: The present study investigated the effects of psychoeducation based on a cognitive-behavioral approach on premenstrual syndrome (PMS) symptoms in young adult women. DESIGN AND METHODS: The study was performed as a randomized controlled trial. The sample size was identified as 90 (45 intervention group/45 control group) students. The psychoeducation intervention consisted of five sessions performed over a 4-week period. FINDINGS: There was a significant difference between the pretest and posttest total mean scores of the intervention group that received psychoeducation (P < .05). There was also a significant difference in depressive thoughts, irritability, and fatigue mean scores between the two groups (P < .05). PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The use of this approach and its inclusion in nursing care interventions is recommended to reduce PMS symptoms in young adult women.

Caring for Patients With a Tracheostomy at Home: A Descriptive, Cross-sectional Study to Evaluate Health Care Practices and Caregiver Burden.

In numerous countries, lay (family) caregivers are the primary providers of care for community-dwelling patients with a tracheostomy. PURPOSE: The purpose of this descriptive study was to determine health care practices and the burden on family caregivers for patients with a tracheostomy living at home. METHODS: The research population included 50 caregivers (average age 55.60 ± 1.39 years; 25 [50%] female) who provided care to 50 patients (average age 63.50 ± 1.72 years; 35 [70%] male) who were discharged from the otorhinolaryngology clinic of an education and research hospital in Turkey. Patient and caregiver characteristic data and tracheostomy care practices were collected via face-to-face interviews between caregivers and researchers using paper-and-pencil questionnaires. The 18-item Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview also was completed; responses to statements are rated on a scale of 0-4, where 0 = never, 1 = rarely, 2 = sometimes, 3 = often, and 4 = almost always. Total scale scores range from 0 to 88; higher scores indicate greater burden. Data were transferred into a statistical analysis program. RESULTS: The mean score for the Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale was 42.44 ± 1.93, inferring caregivers were moderately burdened. Caregiver burden scores were significantly higher among female caregivers, caregivers without health insurance, caregivers requiring help, caregivers with chronic illness, more daily care time (hours), and duration of total care (months). Patient burden scores were significantly higher among persons requiring provision of daily nebulization and oxygen therapy, external cannula cleaning, and daily patient care. CONCLUSION: This study illuminates the burdens faced by lay/family caregivers of patients with a tracheostomy and identifies for community health clinicians the challenges, care requirements at home, and burden of family caregivers that must be addressed.

Tracheostomy care education and its effect on knowledge and burden of caregivers of elderly patients: a quasi-experimental study.

INTRODUCTION: Tracheostomy is defined as the surgical procedure for creating an opening at the 3rd or 4th cartilage ring in the anterior wall of the trachea to provide airway patency. It was known that tracheostomy is regarded as the oldest known life-saving method. Tracheostomy care involves a complex care process that requires knowledge and skills for elderly patients and their caregivers. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of tracheostomy training, provided to caregivers of patients with tracheostomy, on caregivers' burden and knowledge levels regarding the tracheostomy care. METHODS: The study population consists of caregivers who provide home care for patients with tracheostomy who were divided into two groups as the control group (n = 30) and the experimental group (n = 30) with the separation of the patients admitted to the outpatient clinic. RESULTS: In the intergroup comparison of experimental and control group post-test score averages, the difference between the Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale score averages and the mean knowledge scores was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: In line with these results, it may be advisable to perform repeated tests at regular intervals after the provision of education to the caregivers.

Effect of 'nursing terminologies and classifications' course on nursing students' perception of nursing diagnosis.

PURPOSE: To determine nursing students' perception of nursing diagnosis and the effect of 'nursing terminologies and classifications' course on this perception. METHODS: This study was carried out as a quasi-experimental, two group design. Data were collected through the Nursing Diagnosis Survey. FINDINGS: The overall Perceptions of Nursing Diagnosis Survey score for this study was found 2.44 ±â€¯0.44. Perceptions of Nursing Diagnosis Survey mean scores of nursing students who took 'Nursing Terminologies and Classifications' course were found more positive than the nursing students who did not take the course. CONCLUSIONS: Positive perceptions about the use of nursing diagnosis have beneficial effects on the identification of patient problems and planning of these; and improves the quality of the patient care.

A Quasi-experimental Study to Explore the Effect of Barrier Cream on the Peristomal Skin of Patients With a Tracheostomy.

Peristomal skin problems represent one of the most common complications of a tracheostomy. A quasi-experimental study was conducted among patients ages 18 to 65 years hospitalized in a Turkish university hospital ear-nose-throat clinic between August 15, 2013, and December 15, 2013, to compare the effect of using or not using a barrier cream on the peristomal skin with regard to pH, moisture, temperature, color, odor, turgor, infections, and lesions after tracheostomy surgery. Patients were selected using a purposeful sampling method and included if they had not undergone another operation for a complication (eg, pneumothorax, tube misplacement, hemorrhage) within 24 hours following the tracheostomy operation. In phase 1 of the study, 9 registered nurses were observed 3 times each by the researcher, who completed an observation form. From these observations and related nursing textbooks, the researcher developed a protocol entitled "Nursing Care Steps for Patients with a Tracheostomy." This protocol was followed during phase 2 of the study during which participants were alternately assigned to either the intervention (a barrier cream containing dimethicone, acrylate terpolymer, oils, paraffin, water, dicapryladipate, isopropyl palmitate, and PPG-15 stearyl ether followed by gauze) or control (gauze only) group (n = 30 each) and observed for 7 days. Demographic characteristics were gathered for each patient upon admission to the study. Peristomal skin was assessed in terms of pH, temperature, and moisture (relative humidity [RH]) using a surface pH meter, surface thermometer, and digital skin moisture tester, as well as for lesions, infection, and maceration. Findings were documented on a skin condition assessment form. Twenty-four (24) hours post surgery, the barrier cream plus gauze was applied over peristomal area in the study group and gauze dressing only in the control group. Peristomal skin pH, moisture, and temperature were within the normal range for both groups during all observations throughout the study but closer to normal ranges in the intervention group. Mean peristomal skin pH in the intervention group was significantly higher (5.452 ± 0.043) than in the control group (5.123 ± 0.057; P &.001), mean peristomal skin moisture in the control group (46.90 ± 0.132 RH) was significantly greater than in the intervention group (41.71 ± 0.774 RH; P &.001), and mean peristomal skin temperature in the control group (33.59 ± 1.3˚ C) was significantly higher than in the intervention group (31.64 ± 0.607˚ C; P &.001). In both groups, Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most commonly cultured microorganism, and S aureus was the most cultured pathological microorganism in addition to the normal skin flora. Peristomal skin condition was maintained for both the intervention and control groups. Use of a barrier cream to protect tracheostomy peristomal skin beneath absorbent dressings (eg, gauze) is recommended, but additional short-term and long-term studies are needed.