RESUMO
The introduction of novel agents has significantly expanded treatment options for multiple myeloma (MM), albeit long-term disease control cannot be achieved in the majority of patients. Vaccination with MM antigen-loaded dendritic cells (DCs) represents an alternative strategy that is currently being explored. The aim of this study was to assess the immunogenic potential of ex vivo-generated monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs), following stimulation with the whole-antigen array of autologous myeloma cells (AMC). MoDCs were loaded with antigens of myeloma cells by 2 different methods: phagocytosis of apoptotic bodies from γ-irradiated AMC, or transfection with AMC total RNA by square-wave electroporation. Twenty patients with MM were enrolled in the study. Following stimulation and maturation, moDCs were tested for their capacity to induce T-helper 1 and cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses in vitro. Both strategies were effective in the induction of myeloma-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte and T-helper 1 cells, as demonstrated by cytotoxicity and ELISpot assays. On the whole, T-cell responses were observed in 18 cases by either method of DC pulsing. We conclude that both whole-tumor antigen approaches are efficient in priming autologous antimyeloma T-cell responses and warrant further study aiming at the development of individualized DC vaccines for MM patients.
Assuntos
Antígenos de Neoplasias/imunologia , Células Dendríticas/imunologia , Monócitos/imunologia , Mieloma Múltiplo/imunologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Apoptose , Biomarcadores , Células Cultivadas , Citocinas/metabolismo , Citotoxicidade Imunológica , Células Dendríticas/citologia , Células Dendríticas/metabolismo , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Monócitos/citologia , Monócitos/metabolismo , Mieloma Múltiplo/metabolismo , Mieloma Múltiplo/patologia , Mieloma Múltiplo/terapia , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T/imunologia , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T/metabolismoAssuntos
Doença Enxerto-Hospedeiro/tratamento farmacológico , Escleroderma Sistêmico/tratamento farmacológico , Benzamidas , Doença Crônica , Feminino , Doença Enxerto-Hospedeiro/diagnóstico , Humanos , Mesilato de Imatinib , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/complicações , Leucemia Mielomonocítica Crônica/complicações , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Transplante de Células-Tronco de Sangue Periférico/efeitos adversos , Piperazinas , Pirimidinas , Escleroderma Sistêmico/etiologia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Several techniques of distraction osteogenesis have been applied for the correction of compromised midface in patients with clefts of the lip, alveolus and palate. PURPOSE: This article presents a technique of callus distraction applied in a specific case of hypoplasia of a cleft maxilla with the sagittal advancement of the maxilla thus not affecting velopharyngeal function. CONCLUSION: The decision to apply distraction osteogenesis for advancement of the anterior maxillary segment in cleft patients offers many advantages.