Uric acid and its correlation with hypertension in postmenopausal women: A multi-ethnic study (Observational study).

We investigate the association of uric acid with hypertension among Han, Uygur, and Kazakh populations in the Xinjiang Province of Western China. Our study aims to evaluate the relationships of serum uric acid (SUA) with hypertension in the Chinese population according to the menopausal status. Medical data of 1684 Han, 1895 Uygur, and 294 Kazakh people was examined. The prevalence of hypertension was calculated by the quartiles of SUA. Correlation between hypertension-related risk factors calculated and compared between men and women. SUA was higher in men than in women. The level was significantly higher in postmenopausal than premenopausal women (4.40 ± 1.75 v.s 4.06 ± 1.63 mg/dl, P < .01). Logistic regression analysis showed Body mass index (BMI) [OR = 1.08, P < .01]; and eGFR<60 vs.≥60 [OR = 1.22, P = .04] were independent risk factors for hypertension in women. Age and diabetes were independent risk factors for the participants with hypertension [OR = 1.04, P < .01] and [OR = 2.24, P < .01]. High quartile SUA group has increased the risk for hypertension in postmenopausal women [OR = 1.34, P = .048]. We found that postmenopausal women have high SUA compared to premenopausal women. The high SUA quartiles uric acid may be an independent risk for hypertension in postmenopausal women.

Therapeutic delivery of cyclin-A2 via recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 9 restarts the myocardial cell cycle: an in vitro study.

Cyclin­A2, which is downregulated following birth, has previously been established as a key regulator of the cell cycle. The present study aimed to detect the effects of cyclin­A2 on myocardial cells by using recombinant adeno­associated virus 9 (rAAV9). Sixty mice were selected and randomly divided into two groups (n=30). The control group were injected with saline and the experimental group were transfected with the rAAV9­cyclinA2­CMV vector by intravenous injection into the tail vein. Tissues were harvested at two and four weeks following injection. Cyclin­A2 expression levels and localization were evaluated using western blot and immunohistochemical analyses. DNA synthesis and mitosis in the myocardium were confirmed by analyzing proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and phospho­histone H3 (H3P) expression levels. Expression of Cyclin­A2 in the myocardium commenced two weeks following tail vein injection in the cyclin­A2­treated group, while no expression was observed in the control group. Four weeks following injection, expression levels of cyclin­A2 were higher than those observed at two weeks following injection into the myocardium (two weeks: 0.146±0.013 vs. 27.1±3.33%, P<0.001; four weeks: 0.142±0.107 vs. 74.4±3.36%, P<0.001). PCNA displayed increased expression levels in the cyclin­A2­treated group (two weeks: 13.1±0.54 vs. 65.8±3.44%, P<0.001; four weeks: 13.2±0.55 vs. 71.2±1.58%, P<0.001); however, no change was observed in those of the control group. By contrast, no significant difference was observed in mitosis marker H3P expression levels between the two groups. Immunohistochemical analysis of cyclin­A2 indicated cytoplasmic, but not nuclear, localization. cyclin­A2 and PCNA expression levels in the liver, lung and kidney showed no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). It was therefore concluded that the delivery of cyclin­A2 via rAAV9 to the mouse myocardium restarted the myocardial cell cycle, thereby establishing steady and specific expression in the myocardium. Furthermore, the effect of Cyclin­A2 on the myocardium may provide a novel method for achieving cardiac regeneration following cardiac injury.

Cardiovascular risks in Kazakh population in Xinjiang Province of China.

AIM: Assess the cardiovascular risks in Kazakh population in Ili of Xinjiang Province. METHODS: A total of 1126 participants (M/F: 443/683) aged > or = 35 years, living in Ili for more than five years were selected via stratified random sampling. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), blood lipids, body mass index (BMI), and blood pressure (BP) were measured. The risk was evaluated by 10-year risk estimation of ischemic cardiovascular disease (ICVD) in Chinese. RESULTS: The mean values of systolic blood pressure (SBP), body mass index (BMI), blood lipids were significantly higher in male than female (P < .01). The mean value (%) of 10-year morbid risk was higher in males than females aged < 50 years (P < .05). A 10-year absolute risk of ICVD was < 10% (P = .536) in 94.8% of males and 95.6% of females. The ratio of high-risk population (20%-40%) was higher in males than females (2.93% vs .73%, P = .004). There was significant difference in SBP, total cholesterol, and BMI among high, moderate, and low risk groups (P < .05). CONCLUSION: Our study shows a high prevalence of cardiometabolic risks in the Kazakh population. Immediate short-term and sustainable long-term programs should be carried out to prevent the morbidity caused by known preventable risk factors.