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1.
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) ; 68(4): 250-259, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36047096

RESUMO

This study investigated the effects of dietary high-dose biotin intake on fat oxidation in rats using respiratory gas analysis, and evaluated fatty-acid oxidation-related enzyme activities and gene expressions in the liver. Five-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a control diet and three biotin-supplemented diets (additive biotin concentration: 0.05%, 0.10%, and 0.20% of diet) for 3 wk. In 2 wk, fat oxidation in the 0.20% biotin-supplemented diet group was higher than that in the 0.05% biotin-supplemented diet group; however, the energy expenditure and carbohydrate oxidation were unchanged between the dietary groups. At the end of 3 wk, body weight and epididymal white adipose tissue weight reduced in the 0.20% biotin diet group, and hepatic triglyceride levels tended to decrease. Additionally, increased plasma adiponectin concentration and hepatic mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase activity as well as decreased hepatic acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2 gene expression were observed in the 0.20% biotin-supplemented diet group compared with those in the control group. These results provide strong evidence that dietary high-dose biotin intake activated fat oxidation due to the increase in hepatic ß-oxidation, which may contribute to the decrease in hepatic triglyceride concentration and white adipose tissue weight.


Assuntos
Biotina , Carnitina O-Palmitoiltransferase , Animais , Biotina/metabolismo , Carnitina O-Palmitoiltransferase/genética , Dieta , Ácidos Graxos , Fígado/metabolismo , Masculino , Oxirredução , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Triglicerídeos
2.
Metabolites ; 12(5)2022 May 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35629926

RESUMO

Dietary ß-conglycinin has been shown to increase plasma adiponectin concentration and decrease visceral adipose tissue weight in rats. Since adiponectin is one of the factors regulating blood pressure, as well as modulating lipid metabolism, we examined whether dietary ß-conglycinin affects blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats. The experimental diets were prepared according to the AIN-93G formula containing 20% protein, either casein (Control) or casein replaced with soy protein isolate (SOY) or ß-conglycinin (ß-CON) at the proportion of 50%. Male rats (SHR/Izm, 6 wk-old) were fed the diets for 7 weeks. The SOY compared with the Control significantly suppressed the blood pressure both at week 4 (p = 0.011, Control vs. SOY) and thereafter, and ß-CON had even higher suppression (p = 0.0002, Control vs. ß-CON). SOY and ß-CON increased plasma adiponectin concentration followed by an increase in plasma nitric oxide and possibly a decreasing trend of gene expressions of angiotensinogen in the liver and renin in the kidney. The results indicated suppression by ß-conglycinin of increasing blood pressure through an enhancement of plasma adiponectin, probably in combination with a regulation of the renin-angiotensin system in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

3.
J Oleo Sci ; 68(4): 339-350, 2019 Apr 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30867392

RESUMO

The physiological effects of dietary ß-conglycinin (ß-CON), one of the major components of soy protein (SOY), were examined in an obese animal model. Prior studies show that ß-CON intake decreases plasma triglycerides and visceral adipose tissue weight, and increases plasma adiponectin in rodents. Since plasma adiponectin is known to affect both lipid and glucose metabolism, feeding a diet containing ß-CON could modulate insulin sensitivity. Therefore, we examined the effects of dietary ß-CON on insulin sensitivity and blood glucose levels, as well as lipid metabolism in obese Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats (pre-symptomatic stage of type 2 diabetes mellitus). Male OLETF rats (6 weeks old) were fed diets containing 20% protein such as casein (CAS), CAS replaced with soy protein (SOY), or ß-CON at a proportion of 50% for 13 weeks. Fasting blood glucose levels were measured every 3 weeks, and an insulin tolerance test (ITT; 0.75 IU/kg body weight) was conducted at week 12. During the feeding period, fasting blood glucose was comparable among the groups. Insulin sensitivity measured by the ITT revealed that the SOY and ß-CON diets decreased blood glucose levels at 30 min after intraperitoneal insulin injection (vs. CAS diet). In addition, the ß-CON diet increased plasma adiponectin concentrations, hepatic gene expression of insulin receptor substrate (IRS) 2, and muscle gene expression of adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) and IRS1, and with a decrease in plasma insulin concentration. Finally, the ß-CON diet decreased the mesenteric adipose tissue weight and liver triglyceride concentration compared to the CAS diet. These results suggest that the metabolic effects of dietary ß-CON are mediated by increasing plasma adiponectin to increase insulin sensitivity and influence the hepatic lipid metabolism in obese OLETF rats.


Assuntos
Tecido Adiposo/metabolismo , Antígenos de Plantas/administração & dosagem , Antígenos de Plantas/farmacologia , Suplementos Nutricionais , Globulinas/administração & dosagem , Globulinas/farmacologia , Resistência à Insulina/fisiologia , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos , Obesidade/metabolismo , Proteínas de Armazenamento de Sementes/administração & dosagem , Proteínas de Armazenamento de Sementes/farmacologia , Proteínas de Soja/administração & dosagem , Proteínas de Soja/farmacologia , Adiponectina/sangue , Animais , Glicemia/metabolismo , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Proteínas Substratos do Receptor de Insulina/metabolismo , Fígado/metabolismo , Masculino , Ratos Endogâmicos OLETF , Receptores de Adiponectina/metabolismo , Triglicerídeos/sangue , Triglicerídeos/metabolismo
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